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Chapter 17
Networking Essentials
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In this chapter you will learn about | Hardware devices used for networking Different types of networks protocols and standards Windows uses for networking How to connect a computer to a network Troubleshooting tools and tips for network connections. |
| The focus of this chapter is to prepare you so that you can assume total responsibility for supporting both wired and wireless networks in a small-office-home-office(SOHO)environment. | |
| A+ Exam Tip | All the content in this chapter applies toward the networking objectives of the A+ 220-701 Essentials, expects you to know about networking terms, concepts, protocols, and hardware, and how to connect a computer to an existing network |
| Networking Technologies | when two or more computers can communicate with each other |
| When networks are categorized by size or physical area they cover, these categories are used: | PAN(personal area network)-personal devices at close range such as a cell phone, PDA, and notebook LAN(local area network)-small local area such as a home, office, other building, or small group of building. WAN(Wireless LAN)-covers a limited geographic |
| Network Categories(cont'd) | MAN-metropolitan area network)-covers a large campus or city WAN(Wireless area network)-covers a large geographical area and is made up of many smaller networks. |
| A+ Exam tip | The A+220-701 Essentials expects you to know about LAN and WAN |
| Bandwidth | Is the theoretical number of bits that can be transmitted over a network at one time and is measured in bits per second(bps) |
| Data throughput | The actual speed of a network |
| Latency | Delays in network transmissions |
| Internet Service Provider(ISP) | Company that may be used to connect a network to the Internet |
| A+ Exam Tip | A+ 220-701 Essentials exam expect you to be able to compare and contrast these network types: Dial-up,DSL,Cable,Satellite,fiber,802.11,Bluetooth,and cellular |
| Network Technologies and their Uses | |
| Bluetooth 2.0 | Common Uses-Short range wireless technology used for a PAN(personal area network) Maximum speed-Up to 2 Mbps |
| GSM Mobile phone service | Common Uses-Cellular wireless technology used for voice and data transmission over mobile phones Maximum speed-Up to 3 Mbps |
| CDMA Mobile phone service | Common Uses-Cellular wireless technology use for mobile phones Maximum speed-Up to 3 Mbps |
| G3 mobile phone sevice | Common uses-Cellular mobile phone technology allows for transmitting data, video, and text. Maximum speed-Up to 2.4 Mbps |
| Wi-Fi 802.11b wireless | First 802.11 standard that was widely used but is being replaced by 802.11g and n |
| Bluetooth 3.0 | Common uses-Latest bluetooth standard just released that is not yet available in devices Maximum speed-Up to 24 Mbps |
| Wi-Fi 802.11a wireless | Common uses-shorter range than 802.11b but is faster Maximum speed-54 Mbps |
| Wi-Fi 802.11g wireless | Common uses-compatible with and replacing 802.11b Maximum speed-Up to 54 Mbps |
| 802.16 wireless(WIMAX) | Common uses-Offers ranges up to 6 miles Maximum speed-up to 75 Mbps |
| 802.11n wireless | Common Uses-Latest Wi-Fi technology Maximum speed-Up to 160 Mbps |
| Wire Networks | |
| Dial-up or regular telephone(POTS,for plain old telephone service) | Slow access to an ISP using a modem and dual-up connection |
| SDSL(Symmetric Digital Subsciber Line) | Common Uses-Equal bandwidth in both directions. SDSL is a type of broadband technology.(Broadband refers to a networking technology that carries more than one type of signal, such as DSL and Telephone) |
| ASDL(asymmetric DSL) | Most bandwidth is from ISP to user. Slower versions of ASDL are called ASDL Lite or DSL. ISP customers pay according to a bandwidth scale Maximum speed-640 Kbps upstream and up to 8 Mbps downstream |
| Ethernet | Slowest Ethernet network, replaced by Fast Ethernet. Variations of Ethernet are used for almost all local networks. Maximum speed-10 Mbps |
| Cable Modem | Connects a home or small business to an ISP; is usually purchased with cable television subscription. Cable modem is a type of broadband technology that is used in conjunction with television on the same cable.Fiber-optic cable gives highest speeds Maxim |
| Dedicated line using fiber optic | Dedicated line from ISP to business or home. Speeds vary with price Maximum speed-up to 20 Mbps upstream and 50 Mbps downstream |
| T3 | Dedicated lines used by large companies that require a lot of bandwidth and transmit extensive amounts of data Maximum speed-45 Mbps |
| VDSL(very-high-bit-rate DSL) | Lates version of DSL is asymmetric DSL that works only for a short distance Maximum speed-up to 52 Mbps |
| Fast Ethernet | Used for local networks Maximum speed-100 Mbps |
| Gigabit Ethernet | Fastest Ethernet standard for a local network Maximum speed-1 Gbps |
| 10-Gigabit Ethernet | Newest Ethernet standard expected to largely replace SONET,OC, and, ATM because of its speed simplicity, and lower cost. maximum speed-10 Gpbs |
| OC-1,OC-3,OC-24, up to OC-3072 | Optical Carrier Levels(OCx) used for Internet backbones; they use fiber-optic cabling Maximum speed-52 Mbps, 155 Mbps,1.23 Gbps, 160 Gbps |
| SONET(Sycnhronous Optical Network) | Major backbones built using fiber-optic cabling make use of different OC levels Maximum speed-up to 160 |
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