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Genetics Test #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of genes or alleles control blood type? | multiple alleles |
| What type of genes or alleles control skin color and height? | multiple genes |
| What type of genes or alleles control widow's peak, tongue rolling,attached ear lobes, and hair on fingers? | one gene |
| What do you call people who have one recessive allele for a disease, but they don't have the disease? | carrier |
| chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait or disease | pedigree |
| These chromosomes determine if a person is a male or female | sex chromosomes |
| In a pedigree, what shape represents a male? (not on 2012 test) | square |
| In a pedigree, what shape represents a female? (not on 2012 test) | circle |
| In a pedigree, what do you do to show a person has that trait or disease? (not on 2012 test) | color it in |
| In a pedigree, what do you do to show a person is a carrier of that trait or disease? (not on 2012 test) | color half of it in |
| What is the name of a chart that lines up all a person's chromosomes? (not on 2012 test) | karyotype |
| Professionals who help couples understand their changes of having a child with a particular genetic disorder (not on 2012 test) | genetic counselor |
| Hemophilia and color blindness are examples of what type of traits? | sex linked traits |
| What are some situations that could keep a person from reaching their full height? | poor diet, poor living conditions |
| What sex chromosomes do females have? | XX |
| What sex chromosomes do males have? | XY |
| Many genetic disorders are caused by | mutations |
| Which sex chromosome does not carry matching alleles? | Y |
| How many chromosomes are in the nucleus of each normal human cell? | 46 |
| Are sex-linked traits more common in males or females? | males |
| What are the 3 tools a genetic counselor might use? (not on 2012 test) | pedigree, punnett square, karyotype |
| Why would a genetic counselor need to use a karyotype? (not on 2012 test) | It shows if that person has the correct number of chromosomes. Some genetic diseases are caused by extra chromosomes or not enough chromosomes. |
| _________ is when scientists choose organisms with helpful traits the they want passed on to the offspring. | selective breeding |
| ________ creates an exact copy of an organism, including all of its DNA. | cloning |
| ________ takes genes from one organism and puts them into another organism. | genetic engineering |
| If a farmer decides to plant the seeds from his largest corn plants next year, he is using __________________ in hopes that the new plants will also be tall. | selective breeding |
| Which is easier to clone: plants or animals? | plants |
| If the nucleus is taken out of one cell and it is placed in another cell, the scientist is probably trying to ___________ that organism. | clone |
| When scientists cut off a part of one plant and then replant it in the ground, the scientists are trying to ___________ that plant. | clone |
| The _________ identified the DNA sequence of every gene in humans. | Human Genome Project |
| If your body can't heal a simple cut, then you have _________. | hemophilia |
| If your lungs always have extra mucus and it is hard to breathe, you have _________. | cystic fibrosis |
| If your blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon, then you have __________. | sickle cell disease |
| If you have an extra chromosome that causes mental retardation, then you have __________. | down syndrome |
Created by:
edeboo
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