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AP U.S. -
ch 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecological revolution | time when european livestock and craps began to alter the new world. |
| Who mainly possessed the New World at this time? | Spain |
| Land above mexico in 1600... | remained unexplored and unclaimed. |
| Who were the first 3 countries to plant outposts in North America? | Spain at Santa Fe-1610; France at Quebec-1608; England at Jamestown, Virginia-1607 |
| Protestant Reformation | Religious confict in England when King Henry VIII split from the Catholic Church. Leading to the neglectance of the English colonies. |
| Sir Francis Drake | A "pirate" of sorts. He always returned with a load of goods. Was knighted and secretly backed by Queen Elizabeth I. |
| First place the English attempted to colonize. | coast of Newfoundland. failed attempt |
| Sir Humphrey Gilbert | led the attempt to colonize Newfoundland. It failed because he died at sea. |
| Sir Walter Raleigh | followed in his brother's, Sir Gilberts', footsteps. Established the Roanoke colony. |
| Roanoke colony | est. in 1585 on North Carolina's Roanoke Island off the coast of Virginia. Mysteriously disappeared. |
| King Philip II of Spain used the newly gained wealth to... | buy an "Invincible (Spanish) Armada" for an invasion of England in 1588. |
| Invasion of England | 1588. England won using small maneuverable vessels. A storm (Protestant wind) scattered the remains of the crippled armada. Marked the beginning of the end. |
| Encouraged the New World explorers | thirst for adventure, markets, and religious freedoms |
| Virginia Company | major funder of the new world settlers. planned to ditch settlers if they didn't find gold fast |
| First Anglo-Powhatan War | (1614) Series of clashes between the Powhatan Confederacy and English settlers in Virginia. English colonists torched and pillaged Indian villages, applying tactics used in England’s campaigns against the Irish. |
| Lord De La Warr | arrived 1610. given orders by the Virginia Co. to attack indians. |
| Powhatan | indian chief who helped Jamestown settlers |
| Second Anglo-Powhatan War | (1644-1646)Last-ditch effort by the Indians to dislodge Virginia settlements. The resulting peace treaty formally separated white and Indian areas of settlement. |
| John Rolfe | married Pocahontas; his marriage was the first known interracial union in Virginia |
| What happened in 1622? | indians fed up with the white men attacked and killed 347 settlers including John Rolfe. The europeans then declared a perpetual war without peace or truce and they declared that natives were not people. |
| What was the result of 1622 | The europeans declared a perpetual war without peace or truce and they declared that natives were not people; indians were pushed back and settlers moved increasingly westward |
| "peace" treaty for Second Anglo War | said europeans and indians could NOT coexist peacefully; result was the banishment of the Chesapeak Indians |
| _____________ considered extinct in______. | Powhatan people; 1685 |
| three D's | disease, disorganization, disposability |
| Effects of Diseases | not only killed people but changed their culture by not having the elders there to tell them the traditions |
| A dutch warship sold __________ to people in Jamestown. When? What did it lead to? | Africans; 1619; slaves being used in America |
| House of Burgesses | assembly called together by the Virginia Co.; first of many mini parliaments |
| Act of Toleration | 1649; Maryland; it guaranteed toleration to all Christians but decreed the death penalty for Jews and atheists, who denied Jesus as Christ. Ensured that Maryland would attract a high proportion of Catholic migrants throughout the colonial period. |
| Barbados slave code | 1661; First formal statute for the treatment of slaves;had harsh punishments for slaves but lacked penalties for the mistreatment of slaves by masters. |
| What did King James I think about the House of Burgesses? | He called it the seminary of sedition; He hated tobacco and distrusted the Representitive of the House of B.; He revoked the bankrupt Virginia Co. and put the colony under direct royal control |
| Maryland | 2nd plantation colony; 4th English colony; founded 1634 by Lord Baltimore; |
| Sugar | formed the foundation of the West Indian economy; it was the Carribean "tobacco"; Much harder to plant and process than tobacco; "rich-man's crop"; nearly a quarter million slaves were imported by 1640 |
| West Indie Population | predominately black; 4 black to every 1 white; same today as it was then |
| Carolinas | formed when some English settlers accidently went there instead of to the West Indies Islands; they brought sugar planting to the now U.S.; flourished because of their close ties to the West Indies |
| During the beheading of King Charles I and the eventual restoration of King Charles II to the throne.... | colonization had been interrupted |
| Indians (on a large scale) became slaves | in the early 1700s; Even though the English Lord Proprietors disapproved, Carolina sold nearly ten thousand indians to the West Indies |
| Savannah Indians | helped with the indian slave trade in Carolina but wanted to split and work with the Maryland/Pennsylvania Quaker colony because of the better indian and white relations; the settlers annihilated many of the coastal Carolina Indian tribes in response |
| Rice | became the next principle export crop in Carolina; substituted Indian slaves for African slaves who were experienced in rice cultivation. |
| Charles Town | busiest seaport in the South; |
Created by:
trincy
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