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What is empiricism?
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Be able discuss the four basic steps of the scientific method.
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Stats Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is empiricism? | Use of objective observation to answer a question about the nature of behavior |
| Be able discuss the four basic steps of the scientific method. | 1. Hypothesis 2. Procedures (Experiments) 3. Data (Results) 4. Findings (Conclusion) |
| Should scientists remain skeptical? | Yes, so they can look into researches and decided if the claims are reasonable or not |
| What does it mean to say that science in cumulative? | Science builds and collects on past experiments |
| What are variables? | Variables are any events, situation, behavior, or individual characteristic that varies |
| What are constructs? | Constructs are studied internal attributes that cannot be directly observed (headaches, stress) |
| What is the term for clearly defining how you will measure a variable/construct? | Operational definitions ex: cognitive task performance can be defined as # of errors detected on a proofreading task in a 10 min period |
| Why do we often want control over variables in science? | We sometimes want control so we can isolate variables |
| - Does a scientist want to deign his or her research such that someone can falsify their results? | Scientists want their results to be falsifiable while they also remain unbias |
| Does a researcher want to remain unbiased? | Yes |
| What is the difference between ideographic and nomothetic research? | Ideographic research concerns individual variance (difference between individuals) Nomothetic research concerns general rules (humans as a group) |
| - What are some things that you have to be careful of relying on and blindly believing if you are doing research? | Authority |
| - Be able to name and define the one type of bias that we discussed in class that may occur in research. | Confirmation bias is when people seek evidence that only fits their beliefs |
| - What is it called when you think there is a relationship between two variables when there really is not? | Illusory Correlations |
| What is it called when you do research just to prove someone wrong? | Ad Hominem |
| How does the pressure to publish sometimes hurt scientific research? | Researchers can become unethical |
| Be able to list and define all of the basic goals of research. | 1. Describe the behavior 2. Predict behavior 3. Determine the cause of behavior 4. Understand/explain |
| What are cause and effect relationships? | Cause and Effect describes the ability to say that one variable caused changes on another variable |
| - Be able to list and define the three things one needs to make a cause and effect statement. | 1. Covariation 2. Temporal Precedence 3. Alternative Control |
| What is the difference between applied and basic research? | Applied involves more direct problem solving and improving standing in world Basic comes from curiosity and the need to expand man’s knowledge of the world |
| - What is the first step is doing research and on what do you base this decision? | A research question which is based on previous research |
Created by:
blamb
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