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Med Terminology
ansgenius -Not Built from Word Parts
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| abrasion | scraping away of the skin by mechanical process |
| abscess | localized collection of pus |
| acne | inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles |
| actinic keratosis | a precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma |
| basal cell carcinoma | epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis. It seldom metastasizes but invades local tissue. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure |
| candidiasis | an infection of the skin, mouth (thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans. Candida is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal cadidiasis is often seen in patients with AIDS |
| carbuncle | skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by stphylococcal bacteria |
| cellulitis | inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection, leading to redness, swelling, and fever |
| contusion | injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration |
| eczema | noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching |
| fissure | slit or crack-like sore in the skin |
| furuncle | painful skin node caused by staphylococcal bateria in a hair follicle |
| gangrene | death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion |
| herpes | inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exist. Herpes simplex, for example, causes fever blisters and herpes zoster, also called shingles, is characterized by painful skin erupti |
| impetigo | superficial skin infection, characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | a cancerous condition starting as purple or brown pimples on the feet which spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs. Frequently seen with AIDS |
| laceration | torn, ragged-edged wound |
| lesion | any pathological change in the structure or funtion of tissue resulting from injury or disease |
| pediculosis | invasion into the skin and hair by lice |
| psoriasis | chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales |
| scabies | skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions, which are caused by the female burrowing in the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. This condition is accompanied by severe itching |
| scleroderma | a disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration) of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs |
| squamous cell carcinoma | a malignant growth that develops from scale-like epithelial tissue. On the skin it appears as a firm, red, painless bump. The most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight |
| systemic lupus erythematosus | a chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It also may affect other organs |
| tinea | fungus infection of the skin, commonly called ringworm |
| urticaria | an itching skin eruption composed of wheals of varying size and shape. It is usually related to an allergy and is commonly known as hives |
| dermatologist | a physician who studies and treats skin diseases |
| dermatology | study of the skin (a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases) |
| dermatome | instrument used to cut skin |
| epidermal | pertaining to upon the skin |
| erythroderma | red skin |
| hypodermic | pertaining to under the skin |
| intradermal | pertaining to within the skin |
| keratogenic | originating in horny tissue |
| leukoderma | white skin |
| necrosis | abnormal condition of death |
| percutaneous | pertaining to through the skin |
| staphylococcus | berry-shaped (bacteria) in grape-like clusters |
| streptococcus | berry-shaped (bacteria) in twisted chains |
| subcutaneous | pertaining to under the skin |
| ungual | pertaining to the nail |
| xanthodermal | yellow skin (also called jaundice) |
| adipose | fat, fatty |
| albino | an individual with pigment deficiency in the eyes, hair, and skin. A hereditary disorder |
| allergy | hypersensitivity to a substance |
| alopecia | loss of hair |
| cicatrix | scar |
| cytomegalovirus (CMV) | a herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised |
| debridement | removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound |
| decubitus ulcer | bedsore; an open area of skin caused by pressure or irritation |
| dermabrasion | proceudre to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper |
| diaphoresis | profuse sweating |
| disseminate | to scatter over a considerable area |
| ecchymosis | escape of blood into the tissues, causing superficial discoloration; a "black and blue" mark |
| edema | puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid |
| emollient | agent that softens or sootes the skin |
| erythema | redness |
| induration | abnormal hard spots |
| jaundice | condition characterized by a yellow tinge to the skin |
| keloid | overgrowth of scar tissue |
| leukoplakia | condition charaterized by white spots or pathces on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous |
| macule | flat, colored spot on the skin |
| nevus | circumscribed pigmented area present at birth; mole, birthmark |
| pallor | paleness |
| papule | small, solid skin elevation (pimple) |
| petechia | pinpoint skin hemorrhages |
| pruritus | severe itching |
| purpura | disorder characterized by hermorrhages into the tissue, giving the skin a purple-red discoloration |
| pustule | elevation of skin containing pus |
| ulcer | eroded sore on the skin or mucous membrane |
| verruca | circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus; wart |
| vesicle | small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (blister) |
| virus | an infectious agent |
| wheal | transitory, round, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area; a wheal is an individual urticaria lesion |
| adenoiditis | inflammation of the adenoids |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion (of the lung of a new born or collapsed lung) |
| bronchiectasis | dilatation fo the bronchi |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| bronchogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in the bronchus |
| bronchopneumonia | diseased state of the bronchi and lungs |
| diaphragmatocele | hernia of the diaphragm |
| epigolottitis | inflammation of the epiglottis |
| hemothorax | blood in the chest (pleural space) |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx |
| laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) | inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi |
| lobar pneumonia | pertaining to the lobe; diseased state of the lung (infection of one or more lobes of the lung) |
| nasopharyngitis | inflammation of the nose and pharynx |
| pansinusitis | inflammation of the nose and pharynx |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of all sinuses |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura |
| pneumatocele | hernia of the lung |
| pneumoconiosis | abnormal condition of dust in the lungs |
| pneumonia | diseased state of the lung (the infection and inflammation are caused by bacteria such as Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Hamophilus; viruses; and fungi |
| pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung |
| pneumothorax | air in the chest, which causes collapse of the lung |
| pulmonary neoplasm | pertaining to the lung, new growth |
| pyothorax | pus in the chest (pleural space) |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the (mucous membranes) nose |
| rhinomycosis | abnormal condition of fungus in the nose |
| rhinorrhagia | rapid flow of blood from the nose |
| thoracalgia | pain in the chest |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| tracheitis | inflammation of the trachea |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea |
| acapnia | absence of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| adenotome | surgical instrument ued to cut the adenoids |
| anoxia | absence of oxygen |
| aphonia | absence of voice |
| apnea | absence of breathing |
| bronchoalveolar | pertaining to the bronhi and alveoli |
| bronchospasm | spasmodic contraction in the bronchi |
| diaphragmatic | pertaining to the diaphragm |
| dysphonia | difficult speaking |
| endotracheal | pertaining to within the trachea |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| hypercapnia | excessive carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hyperpnea | excessive breathing |
| hypocapnia | deficient carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hypopnea | deficient breathing |
| hypoxemia | deficient oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | deficient oxygen (to the tissues) |
| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx |
| laryngospasm | spasmodic contraction of the larynx |
| mucoid | resembling mucus |
| mucous | pertaining to mucous |
| orthopnea | able to breathe only in an upright position |
| nasopharyngeal | pertaining to the nose and pharynx |
| rhinorrhea | discharge from the nose |
| adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | respiratory failure in an adult as a result of disease or injury. Symptoms include dyspnea, rapid breathing, and cyanosis |
| asthma | respiratory diesase characterized by paroxysms of coughng, wheezing, and shortness of breath |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | a group of disorders that are almost always a result of smoking that obstructs bronchial flow. One or more of the following in varying degrees are present in COPD: emphysema, hronic bronchitis, bronchospasm, and bronchiolitis |
| coccidiodomycosis | fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of teh body |
| cor pulmonale | serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as emphysema |
| croup | condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, which occurs in children |
| cystic fibrosis | generalized hereditary disorder of infants and children characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract |
| deviated septum | one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury |
| emphysema | stretching of lung tissue caused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| influenza | highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus |
| Legionnaire's disease | a lobar pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila |
| obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) | repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absence of breathing |
| pertussis | respiratory disease characterized by an acute crowing inspiration, or whoop |
| pleural effusion | escape of fluid into the pleural space as a result of inflammation |
| Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia | a pneumonia caused by P. carinii, a fungus. Common disease in patients with AIDS |
| pulmonary edema | fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles |
| pulmonary embolism | foreign matter, such as a blood clot, air, or fat clot, carried in the circulation to the pulmonary artery; where it blocks circulation |
| tuberculosis | an infectious disease, caused by an acid-fast bacillus, most commonly spread by inhalation of infected droplets, and usually affecting the lungs |
| upper respiratory infection (URI) | infection of the pharynx, larynx, trachea |
| airway | a passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs, mechanical device used to keep the air pasageway unobstructed |
| asphyxia | deprivaton of oxygen for tissue usage; suffocation |
| aspirate | to withdraw fluid or to suction; to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract |
| bronchoconstrictor | agent causing narrowing of the bronchi |
| bronchodilator | agent causing the bronchi to widen |
| cough | sudden, noisy expulsion of air from the lungs |
| hiccup | sudden catchin of breath with a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm |
| hyperventilation | ventialation of the lugns beyond normal body needs |
| hypoventilation | ventilation fo the lungs that does not fulfill the body's gas exchange needs |
| mucopurulent | containing both mucus and pus |
| mucus | slimy fluid secreted by the mucous membranes |
| nebulizer | device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment |
| nosocomial infection | an infection acquired during hospitalization |
| paroxysm | periodic, sudden attack |
| patent | open |
| pulmonary | pertaining to the lungs |
| sputum | mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth |
| ventilator | mechanical device used to assist with or substitute for breathing when patient cannot breathe unassisted |
| ABG's | arterial blood gases |
| AFB | acid-fast bacilli |
| ARDS | adult respiratory distress syndrome |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CT | computerized tomography |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| flu | influenza |
| LLL | left lower lobe |
| LTB | laryngotracheobronchitis |
| LUL | left upper lobe |
| O2 | oxygen |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| PCP | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| PFT's | pulmonary function tests |
| PSG | polysomnography |
| RLL | right lower lobe |
| RML | right middle lobe |
| RUL | right upper lobe |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| VPS | ventilation-perfusion scanning |
| epispadias | congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis; a similar defect can occur in the female |
| hypospadias | congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; a similar defect can occur in the female |
| polycystic kidney | condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged |
| renal calculi | stones in the kidney |
| renal hypertension | elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
| urinary retention | abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate |
| urinary suppression | sudden stoppage of urine formation |
| urinary tract infection UTI | infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract |
| kidney, ureter, and bladder | a simple x-ray image of the abdomen. It is often used to view the kidneys and bladder to determine size, shape, and location. Also used to identify calculi in the kidney or bladder or to diagnose intestinal obstruction |
| blood urea nitrogen BUN | a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood. Used to determine kidney function. An increased BUN indicates renal dysfunction |
| creatinine | a blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood. An elevated amount indicates impaired kidney function |
| specific gravity | a test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys |
| urinalysis | multiple routine tests done on a urine specimen |
| fulguration | destruction of living tissue with an electric spark |
| renal transplant | surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney |
| catheter | flexible, tube-like device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluids |
| urinary catheterization | passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine |
| distended | stretched out |
| diuretic | agent that increases the formation and excretion of urine |
| enuresis | involuntary urination |
| hemodialysis HD | procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so |
| incontinence | inability to control the bladder and/or bowels |
| micturate | to urinate or void |
| peritoneal dialysis | procedure for removing toxic wastes when kidney is unable to do so the peritoneal cavity is ued as the receptacle for the fluid used in the dialysis |
| stricture | abnormal narrowing, such as a urethral stricture |
| urinal | receptacle for urine |
| urodynamics | pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract |
| void | to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine |
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ansgenius
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