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pharm 114
pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absorption the | process by which the drug passes into the |
| Adverse Effect | more sever side effect that may justify the discontinuation of a drug |
| Agonist | drug that interacts with a receptor to produce a response |
| Antagonist | drug that inhibits cell function by occupying the drug’s receptor site |
| Anaphylactic Reaction | a severe allergic reaction that usually occurs immediately after administration of a drug |
| Ampule | a glass container usually designed to hold a single dose of a drug |
| Drug Habituation | a mild form of psycho logic dependence on a drug |
| Drug Half-Life | the time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of a drug to one-half what it was at initial administration; aka elimination half-life |
| Bevel | the slanted part at the tip of a needle |
| Biotransformation | process by which a drug is converted to a less active form; aka detoxification |
| Brand Name | name of the drug given by the drug manufacturer; aka the trade name |
| Buccal | a med that is held in the mouth against the mucous membranes of the cheek until the drug is dissolved |
| Cannula | part of the needle that is attached to the hub; aka shaft |
| Chemical Name | name by which a chemist knows the drug; describes the constituents of the drug precisely |
| Cumulative Effect | an increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion |
| Desired Effect | the primary effect intended of a drug; reason the drug is prescribed; aka therapeutic effect |
| Distribution | the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to the site of action |
| Drug | a chemical compound taken for disease prevention, diagnosis, cure, or relief or to affect the structure of function of the body |
| Drug Abuse | excessive intake of a substance either continually or periodically |
| Drug Allergy | an immunologic reaction to a drug |
| Drug Dependence | inability to keep the intake of a drug or substance under control |
| Drug Interaction | the beneficial or harmful interaction of one drug with another drug |
| Drug Tolerance | a condition in which successive increase in the dosage of a drug is required to maintain a given therapeutic effect |
| Drug Toxicity | the quality of a drug that exerts a deleterious effect on an organism or tissue |
| Hub | the part of the needle that fits on to the syringe |
| Epidural | the injection of an anesthetic agent into the epidural space |
| Ethnopharmacology | study of the effect of ethnicity on responses to prescribed meds |
| Excretion | elimination of a waste product produced by the body cells from the body |
| Generic Name | given b/f a drug officially becomes an approve med; generally used throughout the drug’s lifetime |
| Gastronomy Tube | a tube that is surgically placed directly into the client’s stomach & provides another route for administering nutrition & meds |
| Gauge | the diameter of the shaft of a needle; the larger the gauge # the smaller the shaft diameter |
| Hypodermic | under the skin |
| Hypodermic Syringe | a type of syringe that comes in 2-, 2.5- & 3 mL sizes; the syringe usually has two scales marked on it the minim & the mL |
| Latrogenic Disease | diseased caused unintentionally by medical therapy |
| Idiosyncratic Effect | a different, unexpected or individual effect from the norm one usually expected from a med; the occurrence of unpredictable & unexplainable symptoms |
| Illicit Drugs | drugs that are sold illegally; street drugs |
| Insulin Syringe | syringe that has a scale specially designed for insulin & is the only syringe that should be used to administer insulin |
| Intradermal (ID) | under the epidermis (into the derma) |
| Intradermal (ID) Injection | the administration of a drug into the dermal layer of the skin just beneath the epidermis |
| Intramuscular (IM) | into the muscle tissue |
| Intramuscular (IM) Injection | the administration of a drug into the muscle tissue |
| Intraspinal (intrathecal) | into the spinal cord |
| Intravenous (IV) | within the vein |
| Irrigation | a flushing or washing out with a specific solution; administration of a solution to was out the conjunctival sac to remove secretions or foreign bodies or to remove chemicals that may injure the eye |
| Lavage | an irrigation or washing of a body organ, such as the stomach |
| Medication | a substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, tx, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of a disease |
| Medication Reconciliation | process of creating the most accurate list possible of all meds a client is taking - including drug name, dosage, frequency, route - & comparing the list against the physician’s admission, transfer, &/or D/C orders, with the goal of providing |
| Meniscus | the crescent-shaped upper surface of a column of liquid |
| Metabolism | the sum of all physical & chemical processes by which a living substance is formed & maintained & by which energy is made available for use by the organism |
| Metabolites | end products for enzymes |
| Metered-dose Inhaler (MDI) | a handheld nebulizer that is a pressurized container of medication that can be used by the client to release the medication through a mouthpiece |
| Nasogastric (NG) Tube | a tube inserted through by way of the nasopharanx or the orpharanx; it is place into the stomach for the temporary purpose of feeding the client or to remove gastric secretions |
| NPO | nothing by mouth |
| Official Name | the name under which a drug is listed in one of the official publications |
| Onset of Action | the time after a drug administered, when the body initially responds to the drug |
| Opthalmic | pertaining to meds for the eye |
| Otic | refers to instillations or irrigation of the external auditory canal |
| Parenteral | drug administration using a med route other than the alimentary or digestive tract; IV, ID, SC, IM |
| Peak Plasma Level | the concentration of a drug in the blood plasma that occurs when the elimination rate = the rate of administration |
| Percutaneous | route of absorption of a topical med through the skin |
| Pharmacist | a person licensed to prepare & dispense drugs & prescriptions |
| Pharmacodynamics | the process by which a drug alters cell physiology |
| Pharmacokinetics | the study of the absorption, distribution, biotransformation, & excretion of drugs |
| Pharmogenetics | process by which the effect of a drug is influenced by genetic variations such as gender, size, & body composition |
| Pharmacology | the scientific study of the actions of drugs on living animals & humans |
| Pharmacopoeia | a book containing a list of drug products used in medicine, including their descriptions & formulas |
| Pharmacy | the art of preparing, compounding, & dispensing drugs; also refers to the place where drugs are prepared & dispensed |
| Physiologic Dependence | biochemical changes occurring in the body as a result of excessive drug use |
| Piggy Back | a secondary IV setup that connects a 2nd container to the tubing of a primary container at the upper port; used solely for intermittent drug administration |
| Plateau | a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma during a series of scheduled doses |
| Potentiating Effect | the increased effect of one or both drugs |
| Prefilled Unit-dose Systems | disposable units that provide inject able meds that are available as prefilled syringes ready for use, or as prefilled sterile cartridges & needles that require the attachment of a reusable holder b/f use |
| Prescription | the written direction for the prep & administration of a drug |
| PRN Order | “as needed” order; permit’s the nurse to give a med when, in the nurses judgment, the client requires it |
| Psychological Dependence | a state of emotional reliance on a drug to maintain one’s well-being; a feeling of need or craving for a drug |
| Receptor | a location on the surface of a cell membrane or within a cell (usually a protein) to which a drug chemical binds |
| Reconstitution | the technique of adding a dilutent to a powdered drug to prepare it for administration |
| Shaft | the part of the needle that is attached to the hub; aka the cannula |
| Side Effect | the secondary effect of a drug that is intended; usually predictable & may be either harmless or potentially harmful |
| Single Order | indicates an order that is to be carried out one time only at a specified time |
| Stat Order | indicates an order that is to be carried out immediately & only once |
| Subcutaneous | beneath the layers of the skin; hypodermic |
| Sublingual | a method of drug administration in which the drug is placed under the tongue |
| Synergistic | when two different drugs increase the action of one or another drug |
| Tandem | a secondary IV setup in which a 2nd IV container is attached to the line of the 1st container at the lower, secondary port to permit meds to be administered intermittently or simultaneously with a primary solution |
| Therapeutic Effect | the primary effect intended of a drug; reason the drug is prescribed |
| Topical | applied externally |
| Trade Name | name of a drug given by the drug manufacture (brand name) |
| Transdermal Patch | a dermatologic med delivery system that administers sustained-action meds via multilayered films containing the drug & an adhesive layer |
| Tuberculin Syringe | a narrow syringe, calibrated in tenths & hundredths of a mm on one scale & in sixteenths of a minim on the other scale that can be useful for administering other drugs, particularly when small or precise measurement is indicated |
| Vial | a small glass med container with a sealed rubber cap; used for single or multidoses |
| Volume-control Infusion Set | small fluid filled containers (100-150 mL) attached below the primary infusion container so that the med is administered through the clients IV line |
Created by:
jmeo04
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