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Gr. 10 Science Exam

Grade 10 Science Review, Canadian Curriculum.

QuestionAnswer
What is OH? Hydroxide
What is ClO*3? Chlorate
What is NO*3? Nitrate
What is C*2H*3O*2? Acetate
What is MnO*4? Permanganate
What is CO*3? Carbonate
What is SO*4? Sulfate
What is PO*4? Phosphate
What is NH*4? Ammonium
What are the 5 types of reactions? 1.Synthesis 2.Decomposition 3.Single displacement 4.Double displacement 5.Combustion
What is neutralization? A chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base producing a salt and water.
How do you test for oxygen? Glowing splint becomes a flaming splint.
How do you test for Carbon dioxide? Clear limewater becomes milky limewater.
How do you test for Hydrogen? Flaming splint pops
How do you test for water vapour? Cobalt-chloride paper which turns pink.
What are the 5 clues of a chemical change? 1.Color change 2.Precipitate is formed 3.Gas is formed 4.Heat is lost or gained/light is produced 5.Difficult to reverse
What are the 5 factors that affect the rates of reaction? 1.Temperature 2.Concentration 3.Surface area 4.Catalysts
What is the law of conservation of mass? The number of each atom before the chemical reaction occurs must be equal to the number of each atom after the chemical reaction has been completed
What are three properties of an acid? 1.Sour taste 2.When added to some metals, hydrogen gas is formed. 3.Reacts with bases to form salt.
Sugar dissolves in water? Physical change
A cube of sugar is ground into powder? Physical change
Mothballs disappear over time. Physical change
food is digested by the stomach? Chemical change
What is weather? It is environmental conditions encountered day to day.
What is climate? It is a set of environmental conditions over many years.
What is global warming? An increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
What is climate change? Changes in the regional climate characteristics including temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind, and severe weather events.
What the factors that affect climate? Ocean currents Latitude Distance from bodies of water Mountains Altitude Prevailing winds
What is the atmosphere? A blanket of air and moisture that surrounds the earth.
What does "meso" mean? Middle.
What is another name for the thermosphere? The Ionsphere.
What is the change of temperature over a distance called? Temperature gradient.
What are the layers of the atmosphere? Troposphere Tropopause Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere
What layer of the atmosphere is closest to the earth? Troposphere.
What layer of the atmosphere has the highest ozone content? The stratosphere.
Why does the Mesosphere have low temperature and low density? Because it has more ozone than water
What do the ions in the thermosphere produce? Aurora borealis.
What does the atmosphere protect us from? UV radiation and meteors.
What are 3 methods of heat transfer? Conduction, convection and radiation.
What is conduction? The transfer of heat through a substance or by direct contact from one substance to another.
What is convection? The transfer of heat through a fluid from a region of high temperature to region of low temperature by the movement of the fluid itself.
What is convection responsible for? Cloud formation, winds and ocean currents.
What is radiation? The transfer of heat between hot and cold objects in the absence of any kind of matter.
How does water have a high heat capacity? Water heats up more more slowly than land but retains its warmth longer.
What are the 6 causes of ocean currents? Salt water Heat capacity of water Shapes of the continents Coriolis effect Started by prevailing winds Convection currents
North of the equator the currents move which way? Clockwise.
South of the equator the currents move which way? Counter clockwise.
What are 8 causes of weather patterns? Solar energy Cloud cover Earth's rotation Jet streams Prevailing winds Ocean currents Land masses The hydrosphere
What is the law of conservation of mass? Matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
What is an acid? a compound that dissolves in water to produce hydrogen in the solution.
What is a base? a compound that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide.
What is an indicator? A substance that turns a different colour in acids and bases. it is used for determining if a substance is acidic or basic.
What is diffusion? the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. the process tends to distribute the particles more evenly.
What is a hypotonic solution? The solution on one side of a membrane where the solute concentration is less than on the other side.
What is a hypertonic solution? the solution on one side of a membrane where the solute concentration is greater that on the other side.
What is osmosis? The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane.
What does passive transport mean? No energy expenditure.
What is light? Radiant energy that radiates outwards from the object giving off energy.
What does luminous means? Objects that produce light
What does non-luminous mean? Objects we see because light reflects from or passes through them.
What is refraction? The bending of light.
What is a critical angle? When the refracted angle is 90 degrees, the angle of incidence is the critical angle.
What is total internal reflection? When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.
What is myopia? Near-sightedness, the the image comes to focus in front of the retina.
What is hyperopia? Far-sightedness, the image comes to an imaginary focus behind the retina.
Created by: soccer_girl13
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