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QuestionAnswer
Functional Age Actual Competence and performance may not match age
Life expectancy In North America there is lower infant mortality and lower adult deaths
Group differences Women live longer, SES, ethnicity and nationality
White men and women at age 75 have a higher life expectancy then black men and women Black men and women at age 85 and over have a higher life expectancy than white men and women
Activities of daily living (ADLs) Basic self-care tasks: bathing, dressing, eating
Instrumental Activities of living (IADLs) Conducting the business of everyday life, requiring cognitive competence, shopping, food prep, housekeeping
Factors in long life: Environment and lifestyle Normal weight, low substance use, exercise, optimism, low stress, social support, community involvement
Aging and the Nervous system -Loss of brain weight accelerates after age 60 -Neurons lost in frontal lobes, corpus collusm, cerebellum, glial cells -Autonomic nervous system less efficient
Brain can compensate new fibers, new neurons, new connections, use more parts of the brain
Visual impairments and aging lower visual acuity, poor dark adaptation, sensitivity to glare, decreased depth perception and color, cataracts, macular degeneration
Visual hearing impairments Men from under 45 to over 85 have more difficulties seeing and hearing than women under to over 85.
Vision problems Changes in leisure activities, problems, possible problems in daily activities
Hearing loss Social isolation, lower safety and enjoyment.
Decreased taste and smell Nutritional safety risks
Less sensitive touch Difficulties with leisure, daily activities
Cardiovascular/Respiratory System Heartbeat less forceful, slower heart rate, blood flow -Vital lung capacity cut by half -Less oxygen to tissues -Exercise helps
Immune Effectiveness declines, more infectious autoimmune diseases, stress-related susceptibility
Sleep and aging Needs less sleep, earlier bedtime and wake-up, more difficulties (insomnia, nighttime walking)
Physical appearance and mobility -Skin thinner, rougher wrinkled, spotted -Ears, nose, teeth change -Lose height and weight after 60 -Muscle strength declines -Bone strength drops -Less flexibility
Adapting to physical changes to aging -appearance vs functioning -Effective coping strategies (prevention and compensation, problem centered coping -Assistive technology -Overcoming stereotypes of aging
Stereotypes of age
Created by: Maritini
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