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Psychological Assesm
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Five Major Categories of Test? | Mental Ability Tests Achievement Tests Personality Tests Attitude and Interests Tests Neuropsychological tests |
Other Ways to Distinguish Tests | Paper and Pencil vs. Performance tests Speed vs. Powers Tests Individual vs. Group Tests Norm-reference vs. Criterion reference test |
Uses of Tests | Clinical Settings Educational Settings Personnel Settings Research Settings |
4 Assumption About Testing | People differ in important traits We can quanitufy those traits These Traits are relatively stable Measures of these traits relate to actual behavior |
5 fundamental Questions About testing | Is the test reliable? Is the test valid? How do we interpret scores? How was the test developed? Practical Issues/How much does it costs? |
Validity | Does the test measure what it is intended to measure |
Reliability | Consistency, can the tests/results be duplicated. |
User Norm Group | Whoever takes that test |
Sub Groups | Smaller groups |
Local Norm Groups | Comparing one score with the local scores. |
3 types of variable levels | Definitional Level(Construct) Operational Definition Level Raw Data |
Two Types of Statistics | Descriptive Inferential |
Descriptive Statistics | Describe or summarize data |
Inferential Statistics | Make predictions about a population based on a sample data. |
4 types of Statistical Scales | Nominal scale/ numerical naming Ordinal Scale Interval Scale Ratio Scale |
Nominal Scale/Numerical Naming | Each object gets tagged with a number |
Ordinal Scale | Objects are assigned numbers that mean something about ordering,such as ranks. |
Interval Scale | Objects are placed in order with an equal space in between. |
Ratio Scale | An interval scale with an absolute zero. |
Sources of Unreliability | Test scoring Test Content Test administration Personal Conditions All of these lead to a larger error score. |
Methods for determining reliability | Test-retest reliability Interscorer Reliability Alternate form reliability Internal Consistency Reliability |
Two conclusions regarding reliability | Test Length is important Reliability is maximized when scores approach the .5 percent mark. |
Correlation | Connection between two variables. |