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Study Guide Ch 7

Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Ch 7 Urinary System

QuestionAnswer
Trigone portion of the urinary bladder (triangular shaped)
Glomerular pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney
Meatal stenosis Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body
(an) Electrolyte Sodium (also, potassium and chloride)
Creatinine a Nitrogenous waste
pyel/o renal pelvis
anuria "no urine" a term that means no urine production.
perivesical surrounding the urinary bladder (-al = pertaining to, vesic/o = urinary bladder, peri- = surrounding)
uremia azotemia (-emia = abnormal blood condition, -azot/o = nitrogen) of excess urea (or other nitrogenous wastes) in the blood
name of procedure/record which is an X-Ray of the urinary tract KUB - Kidney, Ureter, Bladder (also known as "plain film")
Oliguria scanty urine (-uria = urine, olig/o = scanty)
Hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder ureterocele (-cele = hernia, urtere/o = tubes connecting kidney to bladder)
Hemodialysis Artificial Kidney Machine (thorough and complete separation of wastes from the blood via mechanical filtration.)
nephrolithotomy incision to remove a renal calculus (stone) (-tomy = incision, nephr/o = kidney, lith/o = stone)
albuminuria protein in the urine (-uria = urine, albumin/o = protein)
pyuria pus in the urine - for example, by renal abscess. (-uria = urine, py/o = pus)
Alkaline Basic - pertaining to a base. Alkaline is capable of neutralizing acids. Think: Alka-Seltzer plop plop fizz fizz! (pH greater than 7.0)
Nephrotic Syndrome A group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia
high levels of ketones in the blood can lead to acidosis (accumulation of acid or depletion of the alkaline reserves, can be deadly.)
Wilms tumor CHILDHOOD renal carcinoma (cancer of the kidney in childhood)
Urinary retention urine is retained in the bladder
What is the BUN test? (Blood, Urea, Nitrogen) measures urea levels in blood - test for Uremia.
Nephrosclerosis Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney (-sclerosis = hardening, nephr/o = kidney)
ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Shock waves crush urinary tract stones (test is performed while patient is immersed in a body of water)
glycosuria sugar in the urine; a symptom of diabetes mellitus (-ia = condition, ur/o = urine, glyc/o = sugar)
hematuria color of the urine is smoky red owing to presence of blood (-ia = condition, ur/o = urine, hem/o = blood)
pyuria urine is turbid (cloudy) owing to presence of WBC's (white blood cells) and pus. (-uria = urination, urine condition, (py/o = pus)
sediment abnormal particles are present in urine - cells, bacteria, casts
pH (test) Urine test that reflects the acidity or alkalinity of urine. Neutral pH is 7.0. Alkaline is greater than 7.0, Acidic is below 7.0
bilirubinuria Dark pigment accumulates in urine as a result of liver disease (bilirubin is the pigment)
ketonuria high levels of acids and acetones accumulate in urine
leaky glomeruli can produce this accumulation of albumin in urine proteinuria
high blood presure that is idiopathic ESSENTIAL hypertension (idiopathic = cause is unknown)
high blood pressure cased by kidney disease SECONDARY hypertension (cause is known)
malignant tumor of the kidney Renal Cell Carcinoma (renal cell = kidney)
a tube for withdrawing or giving fluid catheter
swelling, fluid in tissues edema
inadequate secretion of ADH diabetes INSIPIDUS - "inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of AntiDiuretic Hormone - ADH) - With diabetes insipidus, kidneys resist antidiuretics
Diabetes Mellitus Inadequate secretion or improper utilization of INSULIN. Major signs are glycosuria, hyperglycemia, plyuria, polydipsia. Mellitus means sweet, reflection the content of the urine. Diabetes Mellitus is commonly known as "Diabetes"
stricture narrowed.
Created by: penguin
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