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psych final question
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| according to your text, out of all of life's troubles _______ is the most common | Conflict |
| the study of psychological and physical changes from birth through old age is called | Developmental psychology |
| Erikson outlined ________ stages of development | eight |
| from the third month after conception until birth, the developing organism is known as a | fetus |
| according to freud, the stage of psychosexual development in which the infants erotic feelings center on the mouth, lips and tongue is the ________ | Oral stage |
| the leading cause of death and disability in the US is _____ | coronary heart disease |
| the period of development from conception to birth is called | the prenatal period |
| _________ occurs when a person is prevented from reaching a goal because something or someone is in the way | frustration |
| a group of people born during the same period of historical time is called__________ | a cohort |
| people who respond to life events with impatience, hostility, competitiveness, urgency, and constant striving are said to be exhibiting a _______ behavior pattern. | Type A |
| the proper chronological order of freuds psychosexual stages is_____ | oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital |
| agnes is 70 yrs old. according to erikson, her main task will be to develop a sense of _______ | integrity |
| JANE IS 40 YRS OLD her main task according to erikson will be to develop a sense of ______ | generativity |
| amy is 5 years old. according to erikson, her main task will be to develop a sense of ___ | initiative |
| pessimists tend to see events as__ | threats |
| optimists tend to see events as __ | challenges |
| stress is experienced_______ | in both unpleasant ans pleasant situations |
| people who respond to life events in a laid back, relaxed, "one day at a time " manner are said to be exhibiting ____ behavior pattern | type T |
| the drug most abused by pregnant women is _______ | alcohol |
| research evidence currently supports the notion that infants begin to develop depth perception at about ________ | 4 months of age |
| any environmental demand that creates a state of tension of threat and requires change or adaptation is called | stress |
| knowledge of what behavior is appropriate for each gender is called __ | gender-role awareness. |
| expressions of anger are a form of ____ | confrontation |
| judy is nine years old, according to erikson her main task is to develop a sense of ___ | industry |
| the placenta is_ | the organ by which an embryo or fetus is attached to its mother |
| both boys and girls usually develop a sense of gender identity around age ___ | three |
| evaluation of changes in terms of whether you have a lot or a little at stake is known as _____ | primary appraisal |
| the head completes virtually all of its growth by age__ | 10 |
| jack is 24, his main task according to erikson is to develop a sense of _ | intimacy |
| erik is a new born. according to erikson his main task is to develop a sense of __ | trust |
| the "college life stress inventory" measures_ | major events |
| a disorder that is casue during pregnancy and is characterized by the child having facial defects, stunted growth and cognitive impairments is _____ | fetal alcohol syndrome |
| toxic substances such as alcohol and nicotine that cross the placenta and may result in birth defects are called ___ | teratogens |
| acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain a difficult goal is called______ | confrontation |
| which of the following would a new born spend most time looking at | a black and white checkerboard pattern with large squares |
| a reflex crucial to a new borns survival is__ | sucking |
| almost all new borns respond to | the human voice, face and touch |
| research on young children indicates that motor development is the result of | a combination of maturation and practice |
| the ave age for an infant to stand up while holding on to something is__ | 9 months |
| audrey is 2 yrs old. erkin says her main task is to develop a sense of | autonomy |
| jeremy is 18, erkison says his main task is to develop a sense of | identity |
| during the third year of life, children begin _____ | To for two and three word sentences |
| true or false: for freud, the energy from the sexual instinct is called libido | tRUE |
| T or F: the most widely used objective personality test is the MMPI | True |
| T or F: many people add to their own stress because of self-defeating, irrational thoughts | True |
| t/f According to freud, the ego controls all thinking and reasoning activity | True |
| t/f traits can be directly observed. | False |
| T/F psychiatric symptoms get worse during short, rapid economic upturns | true |
| t/f PTSD can set in right after a traumatic event | true |
| t/f Erikson outlined 8 stages of development | true |
| to the extent that a behavior occurs only when a particular event also occurs, we tend to attribute the behavior to that event. this is an example of___ | distinctiveness |
| false sensory perceptions that often take the form of hearing voices are called____ | hallucinations |
| mild traumatic brain injury is often mistaken for ____ | depression |
| the _____ personality is that of a loner who seems withdrawn, unfeeling, and distant | schizoid |
| disorders in which there is real physical illness that is largely caused by psychological factors such as stress or anxiety are called____ | psychpsomatic |
| a severe anxiety reaction that takes place after an extremely stressful event is most likely to be________ | PTSD |
| disorders characterized by disturbances in a persons prolonged emotional state are known as___ | mood disorders |
| an intense paralyzing fear of a specific situation, object, or person, or thing in the absence of any real danger is a _____ | phobia |
| the psychoanalytic model holds that abnormal behavior is the result of ___ | unconscious conflicts |
| disorders in which part of a persons personality is separated from the rest and the person cant reassemble the pieces are know as____ | dissociative disorders |
| the reward theory of attraction is based on the concept of_______ | exchange |
| in psychoanalysis "working through" provides people with___ | a second chance to solve childhood conflicts |
| a sudden, unpredictable feeling of intense terror, with no immediately observable cause is ___ | panic attack |
| electroconvulsive therapy___________ | often results in brief confusion with some memory impairment. |
| bringing repressed feelings to consciousness is the goal of__ | psychoanalytic therapy |
| an affective disorder that includes both depression and mania is known as _______ | bipolar disorder |
| research indicates that psychotherapy________ | is more effective for mild disorders that for severe disorders |
| the loss or impairment of the ordinary physical responses of sexual ability is called____ | sexual dysfunction |
| the term ________ means losing touch with reality | psychotic |
| a relatively stable organization of beliefs, feelings, and behavior tendencies toward something or someone else is an _____ | attitude |
| the term affect is used by psychologists to refer to ___ | emotion |
| people considering suicide are usually most overwhelmed with___ | feelings of hopelessness |
| gestalt therapy emphasizes______ | finding initial causes of current problems |
| the opposite of depression is ___ | mania |
| according to the diathesis-stress model some people______ | are biologically vulnerable to certain kinds of stress |
| an episode of intense sadness that may last for several months is called______ | major depressive disorder |
| DSM-IV-rt defines mental disorders according to ___ | significant behavior patterns |
| in client-centered therapy, therapists try to ____ | reflect client statements |
| virtually all anti psychotic drugs work by __ | blocking dopamine receptors in the brain |
| the term psychologists use for how close two people live to each other is __ | proximity |
| early asylums were_____ | little more than prisons where the insane could be confined |
| an anxiety disorders in which a person feels driven to think disturbing thoughts and or perform senseless rituals is a __________ | obsessive compulsive disorder |
| hippocrates maintained that madness was _ | a natural event arising from natural causes |
| people with ___ disorders develope inflexible and maladaptive ways of thinking and acting that are so exaggerated and rigid that the cause serious distress and social problems | personality |
| in the middle ages in europe, abnormal behavior was believed to result from ___ | supernatural forces |
| people who are suspicious, mistrustful, and hypersensitive to possible threats, or tricks, with out any reason to be, have _________ | paranoid personality disorder |
| persistent feelings of threat in facing everyday problems of living characterize ___ | anxiety disorders |
| therapeutic approaches that are based in the belief that all normal and abnormal behavior is learned and the objective of therapy is to teach ppl new, more satisfying ways of behaving are _____ therapies. | behavior |
| psychotherapies that emphasize changing clients perceptions of their life situation as a way of modifying their behavior are called____ | cognitive therapy |
| an increase in sadness, tension, and irritability that occurs in the week before a woman begins to menstruate is called______ | Premenstrual dysphoric disorder |
| there is growing evidence that genetic factors are involved in ____ | a wide variety of mild to severe psychological problems |
| THE MOST COMMON MOOD DISORDER IS | depression |
| which of the following techniques would be most appropriate for treating alcoholism or smoking? | aversive conditioning |
| society's main standard for judging abnormal behavior is _ | whether behavior conforms to the existing social order |
| a type of psychotherapy in which ppl meet regularly to interact and help one another achieve insight to their feelings and behavior is _________ | group therapy |
| therapies designed to give ppl better self understanding of their feelings, motives, expectations, and actions are called ___ | insight therapies |
| t/f anyone can experience mild obsessions or compulsions | true |
| t/f the trend in psychotherapy is toward more traditional psychoanalytic methods | false |
| t/f delusions are false beliefs about reality with no factual basis | true |
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