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Drug Cards:)
Paramedic Drug Cards:)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Class For (Epinephrine) | Adrenergic agent, inotropic |
| Actions For (Epinephrine) | Binds strongly with both alpha/beta receptors, increases BP/HR, bronchodilation |
| Indications For (Epinephrine) | Bronchospasm, allergic/anaphylaxis recations, cardiac arrest |
| Adverse Effects For (Epinephrine) | Anxiety, HA, cardiac arrhythmias, HTN, nervousness, tremors, chest pain, n/v |
| Contraindications For (Epinephrine) | Arrhythmias other than VF/Asystole/PVT, HTN, cerebral vascular dx, shock (other than anaphylactic), closed angle glaucoma, DM, pregnant women in active labor, sensitivity |
| Dosage For (Epinephrine) | Adult Arrest: 1 mg (1:10 000) IV/IO q 3-5 min Ped Arrest: 0.01 mg/kg (1:10 000) IV/IO, repeat q 3- 5 PRN Adult Symptomatic Bradycardia: Adult 2 – 10 mcg/min infusion Ped Symptomatic Bradycardia: 0.01 mg/kg q 3 – 5 min, max dose 1 mg |
| Another Name For Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride | (Benadryl) |
| Class For (Benadryl) | Antihistamine |
| Actions For (Benadryl) | Binds and blocks H1 histamine receptors |
| Indications For (Benadryl) | Anaphylactic reactions |
| Adverse Effects For (Benadryl) | Drowsiness, dizziness, HA, excitable state (children), wheezing, thickening of bronchial secretions, chest tightness, palpitations, hypotension, blurred vision, dry mouth, n/v, diarrhea |
| Class For (Hydrocortisone) | Corticosteroid |
| Another Name For Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate | (Cortef, Solu-Cortef) |
| Action For (Hydrocortisone) | Reduces inflammation by multiple mechanisms. |
| Indications For (Hydrocortisone) | Adrenal insufficiency, allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD |
| Adverse Effects For (Hydrocortisone) | Leukocytosis, hyperglycemia, increased infection, decreased wound healing, increased rate of death from sepsis |
| Contraindications For (Hydrocortisone) | Cushings syndrome, sensitivity to benzyl alcohol. Caution in DM, HTN, CHF, systemic fungal infection, renal disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, seizure disorder, GI disease, glaucoma, sensitivity |
| Dosage For (Hydrocortisone) | Anaphylactic Shock: 100 – 500 mg IV, IO, IM (Adult)Ped: 2 – 4 mg/kg/day IV, IO, IM (500 mg max) |
| Another Name For (Albuterol) | (Proventil, Ventolin) |
| Class For (Albuterol) | Bronchodilator, beta agonist |
| Action For (Albuterol) | Binds and stimulates beta 2 receptors (results in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation |
| Indications For (Albuterol) | Asthma, bronchitis with bronchospasm, and COPD |
| Adverse Effects For (Albuterol) | Hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, palpitations, tachycardia, anxiety, tremor, n/v, hypertension, headache, paradoxical bronchospasm |
| Contraindications For (Albuterol) | Angioedema, sensitiviy. |
| Dosage For (Albuterol) | Nebulizer: 2.5 – 5 mg q 20 minutes, max three doses MDI: 4 – 8 puffs every 1 – 4 hrs |
| Another Name For (Levalbuterol) | (Xopenex) |
| Class For (Levalbuterol) | Beta Agonist |
| Action For (Levalbuterol) | Stimulates beta 2 receptors |
| Indications For (Levalbuterol) | Acute bronchospasm or bronchospasm prophylaxis in asthma patients |
| Adverse Effects For (Levalbuterol) | Hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, palpitations, tachycardia, anxiety, tremor, n/v, HTN,HA |
| Contraindications For (Levalbuterol) | Angioedema, sensitivity. |
| Dosage For (Levalbuterol) | Nebulizer: 1.25 to 2.5 mg q 20 minutes for 3 doses |
| Another Name for (Ipratropium Bromide) | (Atrovent) |
| Class for (Atrovent) | Bronchodilator, anticholinergic |
| Action for (Atrovent) | Antagonizes the acetylcholine receptor on bronchial smooth muscle |
| Indications for (Atrovent) | Asthma, bronchospasma associated with COPD |
| Adverse Effects for (Atrovent) | Paradoxical acute bronchospasm, cough, HA, dizziness, palpitations |
| Contraindications for (Atrovent) | Closed angle glaucoma, bladder neck obstruction, prostatic hypertrophy, sensitivity to peanuts, soybeans, or atropine |
| Dosage for (Atrovent) | Nebulizer: Adult 0.5 mg q 6 – 8 hr |
| Another Name For Methylprednisolone | (Solu-Medrol) |
| Class for (Solu-Medrol) | Corticosteroid |
| Action for (Solu-Medrol) | Reduces inflammation by multiple mechanisms |
| Indications for (Solu-Medrol) | Anaphylaxis, COPD, asthma |
| Adverse Effects for (Solu-Medrol) | Depression, euphoria, HA, restlessness, HTN, bradycardia, n/v, swelling, weakness, parasthesias |
| Contraindications for (Solu-Medrol) | Cushings syndrome, fungal infection, measles, varicella, sensitivity (sulfites) |
| Dosage for (Solu-Medrol) | Asthma/COPD: 40 – 80 mg IV (Adult) |
| Another Name For Racemic epinephrine | (Racepinephrine) |
| Class for(Racepinephrine) | Bronchodilator, adrenergic agent |
| Action for(Racepinephrine) | Stimulates both alpha and beta receptors, causing vasoconstriction, reduced mucosal edema, bronchodilation |
| Indications for(Racepinephrine) | Bronchial asthma, croup |
| Adverse Effects for(Racepinephrine) | Anxiety, dizziness, HA, tremor, palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias, HTN, n/v |
| Contraindications for(Racepinephrine) | Glaucoma, elderly, cardiac disease, HTN, thyroid disease, diabetes, sensitivity to sulfites |
| Dosage for(Racepinephrine) | Adult: 11.25 mg in 3 mL nebulizer |
| Another Name For (OXYGEN) | (O2) |
| Classification For(O2) | Elemental Gas |
| Action For(O2) | Facilitates cellular metabolism |
| Indications For(O2) | Hypoxia, cellular energy metabolism |
| Contraindications For(O2) | Known paraquat poisoning |
| Precautions For(O2) | High concentrations may cause respiratory depression in COPD patients |
| Dosage For(O2) | 1 – 15 lpm |
| Other Names For(Acetylsalicylic Acid) | ASPIRIN, Alka-Seltzer, Bayer, St Joseph |
| Classification For (ASPIRIN) | Antiplatelet, antipyretic, non-narcotic analgesic |
| Action For (ASPIRIN) | Inhibits platelet formation; lowers body temperature; relieves pain |
| Indications For (ASPIRIN) | Fever, inflammation, angina, chest pain indicative of MI |
| Contraindications For (ASPIRIN) | Sensitivity, bleeding disorders, GI bleeding, hemorrhagic stroke, active ulcer disease, children with chicken pox/flu-like symptoms |
| Precautions For (ASPIRIN) | Anaphylaxis, angioedema, bronchospasm, n/v, stomach irriatation |
| Dosage For (ASPIRIN) | 325 mg PO (Four – 81 mg “Baby Aspirin” |
| Other Names For (NITROGLYCERIN) | Nitrolingual, NitroQuick, Nitro-Dur |
| Classification For (Nitro) | Nitrate/Antianginal agent |
| Action For (Nitro) | Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, reduces blood pressure, venous return, and cardiac workload |
| Indications For (Nitro) | Angina, hypertension, myocardial ischemia |
| Contraindications For (Nitro) | Hypotension, severe bradycardia/tachycardia, increased ICP, patients taking medications for erectile dysfunction (Viagra ®, Levitra ®, Cialis ®) |
| Precautions For (Nitro) | Headache, hypotension, bradycardia, lightheadedness, flushing. NTG is sensitive to light and will loose potency. |
| Dosage For (Nitro) | SL tablet: 1 tablet (0.4 mg) at 5-minute intervals, max 3 doses. Spray: 1 spray (0.4 mg) at 5 minute intervals, max 3 sprays. |
| Classification for (MORPHINE SULFATE) | Narcotic Analgesic (Opiate agonist),Schedule II |
| Action for (MORPHINE SULFATE) | Binds with opioid receptors, reduces stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system caused by pain/anxiety. Reduces venous return and myocardial oxygen demand. |
| Indications for (MORPHINE SULFATE) | Moderate to severe pain, including chest pain associated with ACS, CHF, pulmonary edema. |
| Contraindications for (MORPHINE SULFATE) | Respiratory depression, hypotension, sensitivity |
| Precautions for (MORPHINE SULFATE) | Respiratory depression, hypotension, n/v, dizziness/lightheadedness, euphoria, worsening of bradycardia/heart block |
| Dosage for (MORPHINE SULFATE) | Adult: (MI) 2 – 4 mg IV over 1 – 5 min, q 5 – 15 min (Pain)2.5 – 15 mg IV, 5-20 mg IM/SQ. Ped: 0.05 – 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO 0.1 – 0.2 mg/kg IM/SQ |
| Classification For (METAPROLOL Lopressor) | Beta blocker (Beta adrenergic antagonist), antihypertensive, antianginal |
| Action For (METAPROLOL Lopressor) | Inhibits the strength of heart’s contractions & heart rates thereby reducing blood pressure. |
| Indications For (METAPROLOL Lopressor) | ACS, hypertension, SVT, A-Flutter/A-Fib, thyrotoxicosis |
| Contraindications For (METAPROLOL Lopressor) | Cardiogenic shock, AV block, bradycardia, sensitivity |
| Precautions For (METAPROLOL Lopressor) | Dizziness, diarrhea, heart block, bradycardia, bronchospasm, hypotension |
| Dosage For (METAPROLOL Lopressor) | 5 mg slow IV/IO over 5 min. Repeat 5 min intervals up to a total 15 mg. |
| Antoher Name For (Atenolol) | (Tenormin) |
| Class For (Tenormin) | Beta adgrenergic antagonist, antianginal, antihypertensive, class II antiarrhythmic |
| Action For (Tenormin) | Inhibits the strength of the heart’s contractions and HR |
| Indications For (Tenormin) | ACS, hypertension, SVT, Atrial Flutter/Fibrillation |
| Adverse Effects For (Tenormin) | Bradycardia, bronchospasm, hypotension |
| Contraindications For (Tenormin) | Cardiogenic shock, AV block, bradycardia, sensitivity |
| Dosage For (Tenormin) | ACS, Adult: 5 mg IV/IO over 5 min, repeat in 5 min |
| Class For (Atropine Sulfate) | Anticholineric, antimuscarinic |
| Action For (Atropine Sulfate) | Competes reversibly with acetylcholine at the site of the muscarinic receptor |
| Indications For (Atropine Sulfate) | Symptomatic bradycardia, asystole, PEA |
| Adverse Effects For (Atropine Sulfate) | Decreased secretions resulting in dry mouth and hot skin temperature, intesnse facial flushing, blurred vision/dilation of pupils, tachycardia, restlessness. |
| Contraindications For (Atropine Sulfate) | Acute MI, myasthenia gravis, GI obstruction, closed angle glaucoma, sensitivity |
| Dosage For (Atropine Sulfate) | Symptomatic Bradycardia Adult: 0.5 mg IV q 3-5 min, max 3 mg Adolescent: 0.02 mg/kg, (minimum 0.1 mg/dose, max 1 mg/dose) max dose 2 mg Pediatric: 0.02 mg/kg, (min 0.1 mg/kg, max 0.5 mg/dose), max of 1 mg . Asystole/PEA 1 mg IV/IO q 3-5 min, max 3 mg |
| Another Name For (Dopamine) | (Inotropin) |
| Class For (Dopamine) | Adrenergic agonist, inotropic, vasopressor |
| Action For (Dopamine) | Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors |
| Indications For (Dopamine) | Hypotension and decreased CO associated with cardiogenic and septic shock, symptomatic bradycardia unresponsive to atropine, hypotension after return of spontaneous circulation following arrest |
| Adverse Effects For (Dopamine) | Tachycardia, arrhythmias, skin/soft tissue necrosis, severe hypertension, angina, dyspnea, headache, n/v |
| Contraindications For (Dopamine) | Pheochromocytoma, VF/VT or other ventricular arrhythmias, sensitivity |
| Dosage For (Dopamine) | 2-20 mcg/kg/min titrate to effect |
| Another Name For (Adenosine) | (Adenocard) |
| Classification For (Adenosine) | Antiarrhythmic |
| Action For (Adenosine) | Slows conduction of electrical impulses at AV node |
| Indications For (Adenosine) | Stable reentry SVT |
| Adverse Effects For (Adenosine) | Sense of impeding doom, flushing, chest pressure, throat tightness, numbness |
| Contraindications For (Adenosine) | Sick sinus syndrome, 2nd /3rd degree heart block, poison/drug induced tachycardia |
| Dosage For (Adenosine) | Adult, initial dose of 6 mg rapid IVP, repeat if needed with 12 mg rapid IV/IO, repeat 3 rd dose of 12 mg rapid IVP. Follow each administration with 20 mL saline flush. (6mg, 12 mg, 12 mg) |
| Another Name For (Amiodarone) | (Cordarone) |
| Class For (Amiodarone) | Antiarrythmic, class III |
| Action For (Amiodarone) | Delays repolarization and increase the duration of the action potential |
| Indications For (Amiodarone) | Ventricular arrhythmias, second-line agent for atrial arrhythmias |
| Adverse Effects For (Amiodarone) | Burning at the IV site, hypotension, bradycardia |
| Contraindications For (Amiodarone) | Sick sinus syndrome, 2nd/3rd degree heart block, cardiogenic shock |
| Dosage For (Amiodarone) | Adult VF/VT: 300 mg IV/IO, repeat if needed with150 mg in 3-5 min Stable Tachycardia: 150 mg in 100 mL D5W IV/IO over 10 min, may repeat in 10 min up to max 2.2 g over 24 hrs. |
| Another Name For (Lidocaine) | (Xylocaine) |
| Class For (Lidocaine) | Antiarrhythmic, Class IB |
| Action For (Lidocaine) | blocks sodium channels, increases the recovery period after repolarization, suppresses automaticity in the ventricles |
| Indications For (Lidocaine) | VF/VT |
| Adverse Effects For (Lidocaine) | Toxicity, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, cardiac arrest, injection site pain |
| Contraindications For (Lidocaine) | AV block, bleeding, thrombocytopenia, sensitivy |
| Dosage For (Lidocaine) | PVT/VF: 1 – 1.5 mg/kg IV/IO, may repeat with half the original dose 0.5 – 0.75 mg/kg every 5 – 10 min, max 3 mg/kg Perfusing Ventricular Rhythms: 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg IO/IV, max 3 mg/kg |
| Class For (Vasopressin) | Nonadrenergic vasoconstrictor |
| Action For (Vasopressin) | vasoconstriction independent of adrenergic receptors |
| Indications For (Vasopressin) | Refractory VF, Pulseless VT, Asystole, PEA, vasodilation/shock |
| Adverse Effects For (Vasopressin) | Cardiac ischemia, angina |
| Contraindications For (Vasopressin) | responsive pts with cardiac disease |
| Dosage For (Vasopressin) | 40 U single dose IV/IO |
| Another Name For (Furosemide) | (Lasix) |
| Class For (Lasix) | Loop diuretic |
| Action For (Lasix) | Inhibits the absorption of the sodium and chloride ions and water in theloop of Henle |
| Indications For (Lasix) | Pulmonary Edema, CHF, hypertensive emergency |
| Adverse Effects For (Lasix) | Vertigo, dizziness, weakness, orthostatic hypotension, hypokalemia, thrombophlebitis |
| Contraindications For (Lasix) | Sensitivity to sulfonamides/furosemid |
| Dosage For (Lasix) | Adult: 40 mg IV/IO slowly of a 1 – 2 min period |
| Another Name For (Digoxin) | (Lanoxin) |
| Class For (Digoxin) | Cardiac glycoside |
| Action For (Digoxin) | inhibits sodium-potassium-adenosine triphosphatase membrane pump, resulting in an increase in calcium inside the heart muscle cell, therefore increases the force of contraction |
| Indications For (Digoxin) | CHF, control ventricular rate in chronic AFib/Flutter, narrow complex SVT |
| Adverse Effects For (Digoxin) | Headache, weakness, GI disturbances, arrhythmias, n/v, diarrhea, vision disturbances |
| Contraindications For (Digoxin) | Digitalis allergy, VT/VF, heart block, sick sinus syndrome, tachycardia without heart failure, pulse less than 50, MI, ischemic heart disease |
| Dose For (Digoxin) | Varies by patient |
| Class For (Magnesium Sulfate | Electrolyte, tocolytic, mineral |
| Action For (Magnesium Sulfate) | Naturally occurring mineral. Controls seizures by blocking peripheral neuromuscular transmission. Cofactor in neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability. |
| Indications For (Magnesium Sulfate) | Torsades de pointes, cardiac arrhythmias associated with hypomagnesemia, preeclampsia/eclampsia, status asthmaticus |
| Adverse Effects For (Magnesium Sulfate) | Magnesium toxicity (s/s: flusing, diaphoresis, hypotension, muscle paralysis, weakness, hypothermia, cardiac, CNS, or respiratory depression) |
| Contraindications For (Magnesium Sulfate) | AV block, GI obstruction |
| Dosage For (Magnesium Sulfate) | Torsades: 1 – 2 g IV/IO infused over 5 – 10 minutes: Eclampsia/Preeclampsia: 4 – 6 g IV/IO infused over 20 – 30 minutes, followed by infusion of 1 – 2 g/hr |
| Another Name For (Diazepam) | (Valium) |
| Class For (Valium) | Benzodiazepine (Schedule C-IV) |
| Action For (Valium) | Binds to the benzodiazepine receptor and enhances GABA effects. produces any level of CNS depression (sedation, skeletal muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant) |
| Indications For (Valium) | Anxiety, skeletal, alcohol withdrawal, seizures |
| Adverse Effects For (Valium) | Respiratory depression, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, injection site pain, confusion, nausea, hypotension, oversedation |
| Contraindications For (Valium) | Acute-angle glaucoma, CNS depression, alcohol intoxication, sensitivity |
| Dosage For (Valium) | Anxiety: 2 – 10 mg slow IV/IM Seizure: 5 – 10 mg slow IV/IO q 10-15 min, max 30 mg (Adult) |
| Class for (Activated Charcoal) | Antidote, absorbent |
| Action for (Activated Charcoal) | Certain chemical/toxins will attach to the surface of the charcoal and becomes trapped, reducing absorption into the body. |
| Indications for (Activated Charcoal) | Toxic Ingestion |
| Adverse Effects for (Activated Charcoal) | n/v, constipation, diarrhea. Aspiration into lungs can induce potentially fatal form of pneumonitis |
| Contraindications for (Activated Charcoal) | Ingestion of acids, alkalis, ethanol, methanol, cyanide, ferrous sulfate or other iron salts, lithium; coma; GI obstruction |
| Dosage for (Activated Charcoal) | Adult: 50 – 100 g/dose Ped: 1 – 2 g/kg |
| Class for (Sodium Bicarbonate) | Electrolyte replacement |
| Action for (Sodium Bicarbonate) | Counteracts existing acidosis |
| Indications for (Sodium Bicarbonate) | Acidosis, drug intoxications |
| Adverse Effects for (Sodium Bicarbonate) | Metabolic alkalosis, hypernatremia, injection site reaction, sodium and fluid retention, peripheral edema |
| Contraindications for (Sodium Bicarbonate) | Metabolic alkalosis |
| Dosage for (Sodium Bicarbonate) | Metabolic Acidosis during cardiac arrest: 1 mEq/kg slow IV, IO; may repeat at 0.5 mEq/kg in 10 minutes. Metabolic Acidosis not associated with cardiac arrest: Dosage should be individualized |
| Another Name For (Naloxone) | (Narcan) |
| Class For (Narcan) | Opioid antagonist |
| Action For (Narcan) | Binds the opioid receptor and blocks the effect of narcotics |
| Indications For (Narcan) | Narcotic overdoses, reversal of narcotics used for procedure-related anesthesia |
| Adverse Effects For (Narcan) | n/v, restlessness, diaphoresis, tachycardia, HTN, tremulousness, seizures, cardiac arrest, narcotic withdrawal. Beware combativeness |
| Contraindications For (Narcan) | Sensitivity to naloxone, nalmefene, or naltrexone. |
| Dosage For (Narcan) | Adult: 0.4 mg – 2mg IV, IO, ET, IM, SQ, (2 mg intranasally) Ped (less than 20 kg): 0.1 mg/kg IV, IO, ET, IM, SQ |
| Another name for (Fentanyl citrate) | (Sublimaze) |
| Class for (Fentanyl) | Narcotic analgesic; Schedule II |
| Action for (Fentanyl) | Binds to opiate receptors, producing analgesia and euphoria |
| Indications for (Fentanyl) | Pain |
| Adverse Effects for (Fentanyl) | Resp depression, apnea, hypotension, n/v, dizziness, sedation, euphoria, sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, diaphoresis, syncope, pain at injection side |
| Contraindications for (Fentanyl) | Sensitivity. Caustion with TBI, resp depression |
| Dosage for (Fentanyl) | Adult: 50 – 100 mcg/dose IM, Slow IV, IO (administer over 1 - 2 minutes) Ped: 1 – 2 mcg/kg IM, slow IV, IO (over 1 – 2 minutes) |
| Another name for (Meperidine) | (Demerol) |
| Class for (Demerol) | Narcotic analgesic, Schedule II |
| Action for (Demerol) | Binds to opiate receptors, producing analgesia and euphoria |
| Indications for (Demerol) | Moderate to severe pain |
| Adverse Effects for (Demerol) | Resp depression, n/v, palpitations, HTN, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, diaphoresis, syncope, shock, cardiac arrest |
| Contraindications for (Demerol) | MAOI in past two weeks, pts using other CNS depressants or alcohol, sensitivity. |
| Dosage for (Demerol) | Adult: 50 – 150 mg, IV, IO, IM, SQ (Elderly 50 mg) Ped: 1 – 2 mg/kg IV, IO, IM, SQ |
| Another Name For (Propofol) | (Diprivan) |
| Class for (Propofol) | Anesthetic |
| Action for (Propofol) | Produces rapid and brief state of general anesthesia |
| Indications for (Propofol) | Anesthesia induction |
| Adverse Effects for (Propofol) | Apnea, cardiac arrhythmias, asystole, hypotension, HTN, pain at injection site |
| Contraindications for (Propofol) | Hypovolemia, sensitivity (including soybean oil, eggs) |
| Dosage for (Propofol) | 1.5 – 3 mg/kg IV, IO |
| Another Name for (Midazolam) | (Versed) |
| Class for (Versed) | Benzodiazepine, Schedule IV |
| Action for (Versed) | Binds to benzodiazepine receptor and enhances the effect s of GABA. |
| Indications for (Versed) | Sedation, anxiety, skeletal muscle relaxant |
| Adverse Effects for (Versed) | Respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, hypotension, n/v, HA, hiccups, cardiac arrest |
| Contraindications for (Versed) | Acute-angle glaucoma, pregnant women, sensitivity |
| Dosage for (Versed) | Healthy Adult less than 60: 1 – 2.5 mg over 2 minutes Max 5 mg |
| Another name for (Lorazepam) | (Ativan) |
| Class for (Ativan) | Benzodiazepine, Schedule IV |
| Action for (Ativan) | Binds to benzodiazepine receptor and enhances the effects of GABA. |
| Indications for (Ativan) | Preprocedure sedation induction, anxiety, status epilepticus |
| Adverse Effects for (Ativan) | HA, drowsiness, ataxia, dizziness, amnesia, depression, dysarthria, euphoria, syncope, fatigue, tremor, vertigo, resp depression, paradoxical CNS stimulation |
| Contraindications for (Ativan) | Sensitivity to benzodiazepines, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, benzyl alcohol; COPD, sleep apnea, shock, coma, acute closed angle glaucoma |
| Dosage for (Ativan) | Adult: 2 mg IV, IO (Sedation) 4 mg slow IV, IO (Seizures) |
| Another name for (Haloperidol) | (Haldol) |
| Class for (Haldol) | Antipsychotic agent |
| Action for (Haldol) | Selectively blocks postsynaptic dopamine receptors |
| Indications for (Haldol) | Psychotic disorders, agitation |
| Adverse Effects for (Haldol) | Extrapyramidal symptoms, drowsiness, tardive dyskinesia, hypotension, HTN, VT, sinus tachycardia, QT prolongation, torsades de pointes |
| Contraindications for (Haldol) | Depressed mental status, Parkinson’s disease |
| Dosage for (Haldol) | 5 mg IM, may repeat every 15 minutes, max 20 mg Not recommended for pediatric patients |
| Class for (Dextrose)(Dextrose 50%, Dextrose 25%, Dextrose 10%) | Antihypoglycemic |
| Action for (Dextrose) | Increases blood glucose concentrations |
| Indications for (Dextrose) | Hypoglycemia |
| Adverse Effects for (Dextrose) | Hyperglycemia, warmth, burning from IV infusion. Infiltration of IV site during administration may cause tissue necrosis. |
| Contraindications for (Dextrose) | Intracranial and intraspinal hemorrhage, delirium tremens, solution is not clear, seals not intact |
| Dosage for (Dextrose) | Hyperkalemia Adult: 25 g dextrose 50% Ped: 0.5 – 1 g/kg IV, IO Hypoglycemia Adult: 10 – 25 g of dextrose 50% Ped (older than 2): 1 g/kg dextrose 50% Ped (less than 2): 1 – 2 g/kg dextrose 10% |
| Class for (Glucagon) | Hormone |
| Action for (Glucagon) | Converts glycogen to glucose |
| Indications for (Glucagon) | Hypoglycemia, beta blocker overdose |
| Adverse Effects for (Glucagon) | n/v, rebound hyperglycemia, hypotension, sinus tachycardia |
| Contraindications for (Glucagon) | Pheochromocytoma, insulinoma, sensitivity |
| Dosage for (Glucagon) | Hypoglycemia Adult: 1 mg IM, IV, IO, SQ Ped (<20 kg): 0.5 mg IM, IV, IO, SQ Beta blocker overdose Adult: 2 – 5 mg Ped (less than 20 kg): 0.5 mg |
| Class for (Thiamine) | Vitamin B1 |
| Action for (Thiamine) | Thiamine combines with adenosine triphosphate to produce thiamine diphosphat, which acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism |
| Indications for (Thiamine) | Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, beriberi, nutritional supplementation |
| Adverse Effects for (Thiamine) | Itching, rash, pain at injection site |
| Contraindications for (Thiamine) | Sensitivity |
| Dosage for (Thiamine) | Adult: 100 mg IV, IO Ped: not recommended |
| Class for (Insulin) | Hormone |
| Action for (Insulin) | Binds to a receptor on the cell membrane and facilitates the transport of glucose into cells |
| Indications for (Insulin) | Hyperglycemia, IDDM, hyperglycemia |
| Adverse Effects for (Insulin) | Hypoglycemia, tachycardia, palpitations, diaphoresis, anxiety, confusion, blurred vision, weakness, depression, seizures, coma, insulin shock, hypokalemia |
| Contraindications for (Insulin) | Hypoglycemia, sensitivity |
| Dosage for (Insulin) | Diabetic Ketoacidosis Adult: 0.1 U/kg IV, IO Infusion 0.05 – 0.1 U/kg/hr IV, IO Hyperkalemia Adult: 10 U IV, IO regular insulin, coadministered with 50 mL of D50 Ped: 0.1 u/kg regular insulin |
| Another name for (Phenytoin) | (Dilantin) |
| Class for (Dilantin) | Anticonvulsant |
| Action for (Dilantin) | Depresses seizures by affecting the movement of sodium and calcium into neural tissue |
| Indications for (Dilantin) | Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizures |
| Adverse Effects for (Dilantin) | n/v, depression of cardiac conduction, sedation, nystagmus, tremors, ataxia, dysarthria, gingival hypertrophy, hirsutism, facial coarsening, hypotension |
| Contraindications for (Dilantin) | Sinus bradycardia, SA block, 2nd and 3rd degree heart block, Adams-Stokes syndrome, sensitivity to hydantoins |
| Dosage for (Dilantin) | |
| Another name for (Succinylcholine) | (Anectine) |
| Class for (Anectine) | Neuromuscular blocker, depolarizing |
| Action for (Anectine) | Competes with the acetycholine receptor of the motor end plate on the muscle cell, resulting in muscle paralysis |
| Indications for (Anectine) | To induce neuromuscular blockade for the facilitation of ET intubation |
| Adverse Effects for (Anectine) | Anaphylactoid reactions, respiratory depression, apnea, bronchospasm, cardiac arrhythmias, malignant hyperthermia, HTN, hypotension, muscle fasciculation, postprocedure muscle pain, hypersalivation, rash |
| Contraindications for (Anectine) | Malignant hyperthermia, significant burns greater than 24 hrs, trauma. |
| Dosage for (Anectine) | 1 – 1.5 mg/kg |
| Another Name For (Vecuronium) | (Norcuron) |
| Class for (Norcuron) | Neuromuscular blocker, nondepolarizing |
| Action for (Norcuron) | Antagonizes acetylchonline at the motor end plate, producing skeletal muscle paralysis |
| Indications for (Norcuron) | To induce neuromuscular blockade for the facilitation of ET intubation |
| Adverse Effects for (Norcuron) | Muscle paralysis, apnea, dyspnea, resp depression, sinus tachycardia, urticaria |
| Contraindications for (Norcuron) | Known sensitivity to bromides. |
| Dosage for (Norcuron) | 0.08 to 0.1 mg/kg IV, IO |
| Antoher name for (Etomidate) | (Amidate) |
| Class for (Amidate) | Hypnotic, anesthesia induction |
| Action for (Amidate) | Exact mechanism is unknown, have GABA-like effects |
| Indications for (Amidate) | Induction for rapid sequence intubation and pharmacologic-assisted intubation, induction of anesthesia |
| Adverse Effects for (Amidate) | Hypotension, resp depression, temporary involuntary muscle movements, n/v, adrenal insufficiency, hyperventilation, hypoventilation, apnea, hiccups, laryngospasm, snoring, tachypnea, HTN, cardiac arrhythmias |
| Contraindications for (Amidate) | Sensitivity. Use in pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the potential risk to the fetus. |
| Dosage for (Amidate) | 0.2 – 0.6 mg/kg slow IV, IO. |
| Another name for (Dobutamine) | (Dobutrex) |
| Class for (Dobutrex) | Adrenergic agent |
| Action for (Dobutrex) | Acts primarily as an agonist at beta 1 adrenergic receptors with minor beta 2 and alpha 1 effects. Increases myocardial contractility and stroke volume with minor chronotropic effects, resulting in increased cardiac output. |
| Indications for (Dobutrex) | CHF, cardiogenic shock |
| Adverse Effects for (Dobutrex) | Tachycardia, PVCs, HTN, hypotension, palpitations, arrhythmias |
| Contraindications for (Dobutrex) | Suspecteed or known poisoning/drug-induced shock, systolic pressure less than 100 with signs of shock, idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, sensitivity (including sulfites) |
| Dosage for (Dobutrex) | 2 – 20 mcg/kg/min IV, IO. |
| Another name for (Norepinephrine) | (Levophed) |
| Class for (Levophed) | Adrenergic agonist, inotropic, vasopressor |
| Action for (Levophed) | Alpha 1, Alpha 2, and beta 1 agonist, causes vasoconstriction, increased heart rate and dilates coronary arteries |
| Indications for (Levophed) | Cardiogenic shock,septic shock, severe hypotension |
| Adverse Effects for (Levophed) | Dizziness, anxiety, cardiac arrhythmias, dyspnea, exacerbation of asthma |
| Contraindications for (Levophed) | Patients taking MAOIs, sensitivity |
| Dosage for (Levophed) |
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Tabitha_Renea
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