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DIT: gram + tx

Treatments for gram positive bacteria

QuestionAnswer
What is the role of penicillinase inhibitors (=beta lactamase inhibitors) The enhace the spectrum of penicillin drugs by protecting them from destruction by beta lactamases (penicillinases)
Beta lactamase inhibitors (CAST) Clavulinic Acid, Sulbactam, Tazobactam
Bind penicillin-binding proteins penicillins
blocks transpeptidase cross-linking of cell wall penicillins
activate autolytic enzymes penicillins
Which has a greater oral bioavailability - amoxicillin or ampicillin? Amoxicillin
What are the clinical uses for ampicilin and amoxicillin? Gram positive and (HELPS) Haemophilus, e Coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella
aminopenicillins ampicillin and amoxicillin
penicillinase resisitant penicillins methicillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin
Syphillis tx Penicillin G
UTI tx aminopenicillins
Pseudomonas Ticarcillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin
Neonatal infection Ampicillin w/ gentamycin
Cephalexin, Cefazolin 1st G cephalosporins
Cefprozil 2nd G cephalosporins
Cefdinir, Ceftriaxone 3rd G cephalosporin
Which cephalosporin has the longest half life? Ceftriaxone
What is a disulfiram-like reaction? Flushing, sweating, nausea, HA, HTN due to inhibition of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and accumulation of aldehyde.
What causes a disulfiram-like reaction? certain cephalosporins, ANTABUSE, metronidazole, 1st G sulfonylureas, procarbazine
Clinical uses of 1st G cephalosporins G+ cocci + (PECK) Proteus, E. Coli, Klebsiella
Clinical uses of 2nd G cephalosporins G+ cocci + (HEN PECK) H flu, Enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E. Coli, Klebsiella
Clinical uses of 3rd G cephalosporins Ceftriaxone - meningitis and gonorrhea Ceftazidime - pseudomonas
Clinical uses of 4th G cephalosporin broad spectrum. pseudomonas, G+, G-
What is the mechanism of action for aztreonam Binds to PBP3 and inhibits cell wall synthesis.
Aztreonam Gram negative rods only
What drug is always administered with ipipenem? Cilastatin
How does Cilastatin assist Imipenem? It decreases inactivation in renal tubules
Against what other organisms are Imipenem and Meropenem effective? Enterobacter, Anaerobes, G+ cocci, G- rods
Side effects of Vancomycin? NOT (nephrotoxic, ototoxic, teratogenic)
How does Vancomycin resistance occur AA change of D-ala D ala to D-ala D lac
Clinical use of Vancomycin Serious, multidrug resistant G+ organisms like MRSA and Cdiff
Can cause "red man" syndrome vancomycin
Next step in tx of otitis media if resistan to amoxicillin Augmentin
Prophylaxis against bacterial endocarditis Penicillin V
Increases the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides cephalosporins
Aminoglycoside pretender Aztreonam
Inpatient Tx for MRSA Vancomycin
Sufficient for the treatment of syphillis Penicillin G
Single dose tx for gonorrhea Ceftriaxone
Hospitalized pt with new Gram+ cocci in clusters in blood vancomycin
broad spectrum coverage for appendicitis Imipenem/Cilistatin
Treatment for C diff colitis vancomycin
Created by: kayjames
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