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Study Guide Ch 18

Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Chpt 18 Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
secretes thyroxine This is a function of the thyroid gland
adenohypophysis another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary "pitushiary (lol)" gland
adrenal cortex secretes cortisol
insulin hormone secreted by the pancreas
parathyroid hormone hormone that regulates calcium in the blood and bones
ACTH hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones
sodium this is an example of an electrolyte
iodine Is an element that is present in thyroxine
estrogen is a hormone secreted by the ovary and adrenal cortex
gonadotropins secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
gynecomastia term for excessive development of mammary tissue in a male
kal/i combining form for potassium
diabetes mellitus insulin deficiency or resistance leads to hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis
Cushing syndrome group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex
myxedema (myx/o-mucus, edema-puffy) advanced hypothyroidism (underactivity of thyroid gland)in adulthood
acromegaly post-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland
Graves disease thyrotoxicosis; hypersecretion of the thyroid gland
goiter enlargement of the thyroid gland
exophthalmos symptom of the endocrine disorder Graves disease
tetany constant muscle contraction
natr/o combining form for the substance sodium
little or no insulin produced characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus
secondary complications of diabetes mellitus Is associated with neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy
achondroplasia defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth
thyroid scan administration of radioactive compound and visualization with a scanner to detect tumors or nodules
ACTH stimulates secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex
cortisol increases blood sugar
insulin helps transport glucose to cells and decreases blood sugar
thyroxine increases metabolism in body cells
ADH stimulates water reabsorption by kidney tubules; decreases urine
epinephrine sympathomimetic; elevates heart rate, blood pressure
parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium
aldosterone increases reabsorption of sodium by kidney tubules
estradiol develops and maintains female sex characteristics
testosterone promotes growth and maintainence of male sex characteristics
Created by: megaly ryan
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