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FA cardiopharmmech

mechanisms of cardio drugs

QuestionAnswer
increases cGMP causing smooth muscle relaxation. Hydralazine
vasodilates arterioles>veins = decrease afterload Hydralazine
Blcok voltage dependent L type calcium channels of cardiac and smooth muscle nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem (CCBs)
reduce contractility nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem (CCBs)
vasodilate by release NO in smooth muscle. = increased cGMP and smooth muscle relaxation Nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate
dilate veins>>arterioles = decrease preload Nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate
increases cGMP via dirct release of NO. short acting. can cause cyanide tox Nitroprusside
dopamine D1 receptor agonist - relaxes renal vascular sm. muscle Fenoldopam
K+ channel opener - hyperpolarizes and relaxes vascular smooth muscle. Can cause hyperglycemia. Diazoxide
Malignant HTN tx Nitroprusside, Fenoldopam, Diazoxide
inhibits cholesterol precursor, mevalonate via HMG-COA reductase inhibition statins
inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue; reduces hepatic VLDL secretion into circulation niacin
prevents intestinal reabsorption of bile acids; liver must use cholesterol to make more cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam (bile acid resins)
prevent cholesterol reabsorptionat small intestine brush border ezetimibe (cholesterol absorption blockers)
upregulate LPL --> increased triglyceride clearance gemfibrozil, clofibrate, bezafibrate, fenofibrate (fibrates)
direct inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase leads to indirect inhibition of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger/antiport, increasing intracellular calcium digoxin, digitoxin (cardiac glycosides)
decreases resting heart rate, increases contractility digoxin, digitoxin (cardiac glycosides)
increase AP duration, increase ERP, increase QT interval Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide (Class IA)
decrease AP duration, preferentially affect ischemic or depolarized purkinje and ventricular tissue Lidocaine, Mexiletine, Tocainide (Class IB)
No effect on AP duration. contraindicated post MI Flecainide, Encainide, Propafenone (class IC)
decrease cAMP, decrease Ca currents. supress abn pacemakers by decreasing slope of phase 4. Propranolol, esmolol, metoprolol, atenolol, timolol (Class II (beta blockers))
increase AP duration, increase ERP, increase QT interval. Used when other antiarrhythmics fail. Sotalol, amiodarone, ibutilide, bretylium, dofetilide (Class III (K+ blockers))
decrease conduction velocity, increase ERP, increase PR interval. used in prevention of nodal arrhythmias Verapamil, Diltiazem (class IV (Na blockers)
increase K+ out of cells cause hyperpolarization and decreased ICa. SVT dx/abolition. Adenosine
Created by: kayjames
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