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Endocrine, Reproduct

Vocabulary for science test 4/10/2012

QuestionAnswer
Cell Division Def. - The process of one cell dividing into two daughter cells.
Chromosome Def. - A structure made of DNA and protein in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
Reproduction Def. - The formation of new organisms of the same species.
Asexual Reproduction Def. - A type of reproduction that requires only one parent.
Sexual Reproduction Def. - A type of reproduction that involves special cells called sex cells.
Sex Cells Def. - Special cells that contain half the number of chromosones as body cells.
Meiosis Def. - Cell division that produces sex cells with half the number of chromosomes.
Diploid Def. - A double/complete set of chromosomes.
Haploid Def. - A half set of chromosomes.
Fertilization Def. - The union of an egg and sperm.
Zygote Def. - A fertilized egg.
Embryo Def. - An organism in its earliest stage of development.
Cell Differentiation Def. - The process of cell specialization.
Adaptation Def. - An inherited trait that helps an organism to survive.
Evolution Def. - The process of how organisms acquire adaptations over time.
Ancestor Def. - An organism from which others have descended.
Cladogram Def. - A tree-like diagram that displays evolutionary relationships among living species and their ancestors.
Homologous structures Def. - Body structures that have a common origin but do no necessarily perform the same function.
Vertebrates Def. - Animals with a backbone.
Natural Selection Def. - The process by which organisms with favorable adaptations survive and reproduce at a higher rate than organisms with less-favorable adaptations.
Genetic Variation Def. - The variety of alleles in a population.
Testes Def. - Produce sprem and testosterone.
Hormone Def. - A chemical that regulates body functions.
Semen Def. - A mixture of sperm and fluid that is ejaculated during sexual intercourse.
Ovaries Def. - Female organs that produce eggs and female hormones.
Ovulation Def. - The release of a mature egg from the ovary.
Follicle Def. - A structure of the ovary where an egg matures.
Implantation Def. - The process in which an embryo becomes embedded in the lining of the uterus
Umbilical Cord Def. - Contains arteries and veins that connect the embryo to the placenta.
Fetus Def. - An embryo that has developed for 8 weeks and has formed the major structures.
Process of Natural Selection 1. Populations over-reproduce. 2. Individuals in a population vary. 3. Favorable adaptations are selected. 4. Favorable adaptations accumulate.
Evolution of New Species 1. Isolation 2. Adaptation 3. Differentiation
Created by: BubbleKS99
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