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Med Neuro2 Lect5

Med Neuro2 Lect5 Auditory System I

QuestionAnswer
Describe briefly the 3 categories for the Glasgow Coma Scale? 1.Best Eye Response (1-4). 2.Best Verbal Response (1-5). 3.Best Motor Response (1-6). **3 is the worst, 15 is the best.
Frequency of a sound waves measures what two components? 1.Compression event. 2.Rarefaction event.
What is the normal human range of frequency? (in Hz) 20Hz - 20KHz. **Presbycusis: this range narrows w/ age
When we lose our hearing with age, which end of the frequency range goes first? HIGH frequency (20KHz).
What is the normal human range of amplitude (intensity)? 0dB - 140dB. **0 dB represents the average threshold for humans.
If someone had less sensitive hearing, would their acoustic spectrum start above or below 0 dB? more sensitive hearing? LESS: Above at 20-30dB. MORE: Below at -10dB.
As supported by an acoustic spectrum, what occurs as the frequency of sound increases? It requires less intensity (amplitude) for us to hear it. **unless it is on the higher end of the freq range.
At what frequency range is the lowest intensity (amplitude) required for hearing? What does this range represent? 3000-5000 Hz. This is conversational speech. **represents MAX sensitivity
Important External ear structures in localizing the sound wave on the TM? 1.Pinna (asymmetric). 2.External ear canal.
Important Middle ear structures in transmitting the energy of the sound wave from the external ear to the inner ear? 1.TM 2.Ossicles. 3.Oval window (connected to Stapes). 4.Round Window (allows energy to dissapate)
Damage to External & middle ear structures will most likely result in which type of hearing loss? CONDUCTIVE
Does a hearing Aid help a pt with conductive or sensorineural hearing loss? CONDUCTIVE
What change to the basilar membrane will be seen with high atmospheric pressure? low pressure? what structure helps prevent this? HIGH: stapes will press into oval window, bowing the basilar membrane in. LOW (rainy front):stapes will pull out/away from the oval window pulling the basilar membrane towards it. **Helicotrema is a hole that will allow fluid to adjust.
High auditory frequencies will stimulate which part of the basilar membrane? The Base, which is stiffer, thicker, and more narrow.
Low auditory frequencies will stimulate which part of the basilar membrane? The Apex, which is softer, thinner, and wide/broad.
What is the Modiolus? The center of the spiraling cochlea which contains the acoustic nerve CN VIII. It will send branches off on each basilar membrane to connect to the Organ of Corti
3 main chambers within the spiral cochlea? what is contained within them? 1.Scala Vestibularis. 2.Scala Tympani. 3.Scala Media. **1&2 contain PERIlymph w/ low K+ & high Na+. **3 has EDNOlymph high K+ and low Na+.
What does the Basilar membrane seperate? the Reissner's membrane? 1.Basilar: the Scala Tympani from the Scala media. 2.Reissner's: The Scala vestibular from scala media. The Scala Vestibuli & tympani merge at the apex
What important structure is contained within the Scala Media (located b/w the reissner's & basilar membranes)? Organ of Corti
Which membrane moves about the other within the spiral canals that creates the shearing forces on the stereocilia? Basilar Membrane moves about the Tectorial membrane (which is attached to bone).
What plate associated with the Organ of Corti houses the stereocilia so they can interact with the tectorial membrane? Reticular lamina/plate
B/w what two structures does the Basilar membrane spane across to seperate Scala Tympani perilymph from Scala media endolymph? 1.Spiral Ligament. 2.Spiral Lamina (fanning off the modiolus).
Key components of the organ or Corti (key auditory structure) 1.Tectorial membrane. 2.Outer hair cells. 3.Inner hair cells. 4.Support cells. 5.Pillar cells (outer & inner). 6.Tunnel of Corti. 7.Auditory nerve fibers.
What are the 3 main componentes of sensorineural hearing? 1.Organ of Corti. 2.Fluid Movement & Basilar membrane. 3.CN VIII within the modiolus.
Differentiate the 2 potential results from a Weber Test (place a tunning fork on center of pt's head) 1.Conductive Loss: Sound Inc markedly in the ear with the reduced hearing. 2.Senorineural Loss: Sound Inc markedly in the ear with normal hearing.
Created by: WeeG
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