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Med Neuro2 Lect11
Med Neuro2 Lect11 Posterior Chamber
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Photoreceptors extend all the way out to _________ in the retina | Ora Serrata |
How many layers make up the retina | 10 |
List the 10 layers of the Retina | 1.Retinal pigmented epithelium. 2.Layers of Rods (low green) & Cones (red, green, blue). 3.Outer Limiting membrane. 4.Outer nuclear. 5.Outer plexiform. 6.Inner Nuclear. 7.Inner plexiform. 8.Ganglion Layer 9.Nerve Fiber Layer. 10.Inner Limiting me |
3 functions of the Retinal pigmented epithelium | 1.Absorb stray photons. 2.phagocytose extruded cells from rods & cones. 3.Part of BL retina barrier. |
What makes up the outer limiting membrane layer? | Muller cells **Act as the glial cells of the retina for physical support. |
What layer contains the photoreceptor nuclei (rods and cones) | Outer Nuclear layer |
What layer contains the synapses b/w the photoreceptors and the bipolar interneurons? | Outer Plexiform layer |
What is contained within the Inner Nuclear layer? | Nuclei of: 1.Horizontal cells. 2.Muller cells. 3.Bipolar neurons. 4.Amacrine cells. |
Where does visual processing begin? | with the AMACRINE CELLS: 1.edges, 2.Contrast, 3.motion. |
What contains the synapses b/w the bipolar interneurons + Amacrine cells and the retinal ganglion? | Inner plexiform layer |
What layer contains the retinal ganglia | Ganglion layer. **Decreases in thickness towards the periphery. |
What forms the Retinovitrial boundary? | Inner Limiting membrane. |
Compare what happens when light hits the center of an On-center cell Vs Off-center cell | ON: Light causes depolarization and Inc signals. OFF: light causes hyperpolarization and dec signals. |
Compare what happens when light hits the surrounding of an On-center cell Vs Off-center cell | ON: light causes hyperpolarization and dec signals. OFF: light causes depolarization and Inc signals |
Where do the Blood vessels run along after the enter the optic disc? | Inner limiting membrane |
Where is the highest visual acuity? | Fovea Centralis within the Macula lutea. **Avascular. |
What does a fuzzy optic disc indicate | Pressure change: 1.Bulging into eye: Inc intracranial. 2.Bulging out of eye: Inc intraocular. |
What happens to the 10 retinal layers at the optic disc? | They disappear. **creates a blind spot. |
What offsets the blindspot created by the optic disc? | Fovea centralis **Inc visual acuity b/c the inner layers are gone, leaving the photoreceptors in the Outer nuclear layer which is thickened here. |
2 main glands of the eye | 1.Lacrimal (tears). 2.Tarsal (oily). |
Pathway of tears from lacrimal gland | 1.Lacrimal gland. 2.Conjuctiva Fornix. 3.Lacrimal Lake. 4.Lacrimal puncta. 5.Lacrimal canaliculli. 6.Lacrimal sac. 7.nasolacrimal duct. 8.inferior nasal concha. |
Tract the fovea and gaze: SR | Fovea: down. Gaze: superior, medial. |
Tract the fovea and gaze: IR | Fovea: Up. Gaze: inferior, medial. |
Tract the fovea and gaze: SO | INTORSION: Fovea: Superior, medial. Gaze: Inferior, lateral. |
Tract the fovea and gaze: IO | EXTORSION: Fovea: Inferior, medial. Gaze: Superior, lateral. |