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Neuro3 Motor System
Neuro3 Motor System V
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What major motor functions is the Fastigial Nuc involved in coordinating? What can result from damage? | 1.Sitting. 2.Standing. 3.Walking. **Abasia: no base for person to stand on which makes standing up very difficult. |
| What major motor functions is the Interposed Nuc involved in coordinating? What can result from damage? | 1.Discrete Limb Movements. **Limb Ataxia: Check and rebound test. |
| Describe the Check and Rebound Test | 1.Have pt hold out arms palms up. 2.press down on their fingertips with yours. 3.Slide your finger tips off. 4.They should rebound in a compensatory fashion then come back to neutral. **With Interposed Nuc damage they will over rebound up to their fac |
| What major motor functions is the Dentate Nuc involved in coordinating? What can result from damage? | 1.Fine Limb movements. **Uncoordinated movements: Dysnergia (lack of ability for rapid alternating movement) |
| How does the Cerebellum know what the cortex/ person "wants" to do? | Recieves info from corticopontocerebellar Pathway. **Cross over the pons via transverse pontine fibers to reach to contralateral Middle Cerebellar Peduncle. |
| How does the Cerebellum comminicate with the cortex to tell it which group of neurons in the cortex to activate? | 1.Purkinje Cells project to their respective Deep nuclei. 2.Deep nuclei projects to the Ventrolateral Thalamus via Superior Cerebellar Peduncle decussation. 3.VL Thalamus projects to the Pre-motor cortex. |
| If the Cerebellum is damaged, Which side of the body will be affected? | IPSILATERAL |
| If the Cortex is damaged, which side of the body will be affected? | CONTRALATERAL. **Corticospinal Tract descends from cortex, decussates in the pyramids to then activate contralateral alpha motor neurons. |
| What structures are Supplied by the Superior Cerebellar Artery? | 1.Superior Peduncle. 2.Hemisphere of anterior cerebellar lobe. 3.Superior Hemisphere of posterior cerebellar lobe. |
| What structures are Supplied by the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)? | 1.Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle. 2.Inferior Hemisphere of posterior cerebellar lobe. 3.Floculonodular lobe. 4.Lateral Medulla. |
| What structures are supplied by the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA)? | 1.Middle Cerebellar Peduncle. 2.Caudal Pons & Facial Nucleus. |
| Occluding the Superior Cerebellar A, PICA, and AICA will produce what similar general symptoms? | Ipsilateral Sensory Ataxia |
| How Can you differentiate b/w the three in terms of localization of the lesion in a patient with ataxia to due vascular occlusion? | 1.Superior cerebellar Peduncle: Facial Palsy of the central type (quadrent weakness around corner of mouth). 2.PICA: Nystagmus & vertigo (floculonodular lobe), Alternating Analgesia & 3 Dys's (Lat Medulla). 3.AICA: Hemifacial palsy of the peripheral typ |
| 5 Main motor manifestations of Cerebellar Disease | 1.Ataxia (timing). 2.Dysmetria (overshooting coordination). 3.Dysphonia (ataxic speech). 4.Disordered Eye Movements (Nystagmus). 5.Dysdiadochokinesia (Disordered rapid alternating movements). |
| Differentiate b/w the 4 different kinds of tremor | 1.Cerebellar (slowest): End-point tremor (trajectory is fine). 2.Parkinsonian tremor (slightly faster): While at rest. 3.Essential tremor: when limb is stressed (holding it straight out). 4.Physiological tremor. **1,3,4 are all when in motion. |
| What makes Essential tremor worse? | 1.Cafeine. 2.Anxiety. 3.Stress. |
| Cerebellar Diseae: Causes and symptoms of Hemisphere Syndrome | 1. Uncoordinated ipsilateral appendficular muscles. 2.Limb ataxia. **Caused by Infarcts, Neoplasms, Abscesses. |
| Cerebellar Diseae: Causes and symptoms of Rostral Vermis Syndrome | 1.Wide-based stance and gait. 2.Ataxia of gate (foot slapping). 3.Normal upper Extremity. **Caused by chronic alcohol abuse. |
| Cerebellar Diseae: Causes and symptoms of Caudal Vermis Syndrome | 1.Axial Disequilibrium**. 2.Spontaneous nystagmus & nausea. 3.Rotated head postures (difficulty holding head stable). **Caused by Midline tumors & PICA syndrome (infarct) |
| Cerebellar Diseae: Causes and symptoms of Pancerebellar Syndrome | 1.Bilateral Pancerebellar dysfunction (entire cerebellum destruction): Global Ataxia, difficulty walking. **Major cause: Paraneoplastic syndrome (tumor in female reproductive organ releasing antigen on cerebellar purkinje cells). |
| What is a key laboratory finding that could indicate Pancerebellar Syndrome as the diagnosis in a patient with global ataxia (limb, trunkal, and head)? | Positive for HU Antibodies. |
Created by:
WeeG
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