Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
First Aid 2011
Classic Presentations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly | Budd-chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis) |
| Achilles tendon xanthoma | Familial hypercholesterolemia |
| Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC | Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia) |
| Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints | Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect) |
| Athlete w/ polycythemia | Erythropoietin injection |
| Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss | Pott's disease (vertebral TB) |
| Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis | Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas) |
| Blue sclera | Osteogenesis Imperfecta (collagen defect) |
| Bluish line on gingiva | Burton's line (lead poisoning) |
| Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis | Paget's disease (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity) |
| Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing | Aortic regurgitation |
| Cafe-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma) | Neurofibromatosis type I (+pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas) Neurfibromatosis type II (+bilateral acoustic neuromas) |
| Cafe-au-lait sopts, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty | McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation) |
| Calf pseudohypertrophy | Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne's) |
| "Cherry-red spot" on macula | Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation or Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion |
| Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI | Dressler's syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 1-12 weeks after acute episode) |
| Child uses arms to stand up from squat | Gowers' sign (Duchenne's MD: X-linked recessive deleted dystrophin gene) |
| Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration | Huntington's disease (autosomal-dominant CAG repeat expansion) |
| Child with fever develops red rash on face that spreads to body | "slapped cheek" (erythematous infectiosum/fifth disease: parvovirus B19) |
| Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps | McArdle's disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency) |
| Cold intolerance | Hypothyroidism |
| Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia | Internuclear opthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral [multiple sclerosis], unilateral [stroke]) |
| Continuous "machinery" heart murmur | Patent Ductus Arteriosus (close with indomethicin; open with misoprostol) |
| Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition | Myxedema (hypothyroidism, Graves' disease) |
| Dark purple skin/mouth nodules | Kaposi's sarcoma (usually AIDS patients [gay men]: associated with HHV-8) |
| Deep labored breathing/hyperventilation | Kussmaul breathing (diabetic ketoacidosis) |
| Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea | Pallagra (niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency) |
| Dilated cariomyopathy, edema, polyneuropathy | Wet beriberi (thaimine [vitamin B1] deficiency) |
| Dog or cat bite resulting in infection | Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site) |
| Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis | Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands) |
| Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia | Plummer-vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) |
| Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints | Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (collagen defect, usually type III) |
| Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node | Virchow's node (abdominal metastasis) |
| Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells | Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or mycosis fungoides |
| Facial muscle spasm upon tappine | Chovstek sign (hypocalcemia) |
| Fat, female, forty, and fertile | Acute cholelithiasis (bile duct blockage) |
| Fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis | Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in endotoxin release) |
| fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash | Measels (Morbillivirus) |
| Fever, night sweats, weight loss | B symptoms (lymphoma) |
| Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis | Peyronie's disease (connective tissue disorder) |
| Gout, mental retardation, self-mutilating behavior in a boy | Lesh-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, X-linked recessive) |
| Green-Yellow rings around peripheral cornea | Kayser-Fleischer rings (copper accumulation from Wilson's disease) |
| Hamartomatous GI polyps, Hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (genetic benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; increase cancer risk) |
| Hepatosplenomegaly, ostoporosis, neurologic symptoms | Gaucher's disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency) |
| Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts | Alport's syndrome (type IV collagen mutation) |
| Hypercoagulability (leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis) | Trousseau's sign (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung) |
| Heperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility | Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion) |
| Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkylosis | Conn's syndrome |
| Hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia | "Blue bloater" (chronic bronchitis: hyperplasia of mucous cells) |
| Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion | Nonpainful: Chancre (Primary syphylis, Treponema pallidum) Painful, with exudate: chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) |
| Infant with failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, neurodegeneration | Niemann-Pick disease (genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency) |
| Infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, and hepatomegaly | Cori's disease (debranching enzyme deficiency) |
| Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, clenched hands, and structural heart defect | Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18) |
| Neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth | Erb-Duchenne Palsy (superior trunk [c5-c6] brachial plexus injury: "waiter's tip") |
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy (juvenile form: cardiomegaly), exercise intolerance | Pompe's disease (lysosomal glucosidase deficiency) |
| Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis | Kartagener's syndrome (dynein defect affecting cilia) |
| Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys | Becker's muscular dystrophy (X-linked, defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's) |
| Sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi | Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia) |
| Swollen gums, mucous bleeding, poor wound healing, spots on skin | Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency: can't hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis) |
| Increased uric acid levels | Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop/thiazide diuretics |
Created by:
spud5892
Popular USMLE sets