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med term CH 5-8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aliment/o | alimentary canal |
| gastrointestinal | system or tract |
| uvul/o | uvula, thing hanging in the back of your throat |
| mandibul/o | jaw |
| LES | lower esophageal sphincter |
| medull/o | medulla, inner portion of the kidney |
| fund/o | fundus, on top of |
| rug/o | rugae |
| duoden/o | duodenum, first part of small intestines |
| jejun/o | jejunum, middle (second part) of small intestines |
| ile/o | illeum, bottom of small intestines (distal part) |
| cec/o | cecum, first part of large instetine |
| sphincter | ring of muscle |
| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon, S-shaped part of large intestine next to rectum |
| rect/o | rectum |
| an/o | anus, final sphincter in GI tract |
| proct/o | anus and rectum |
| adnexa | accessory organs |
| bil/i, chol/e | bile |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct, bottom of stomach next to duodenum |
| pancreat/o | pancreas, located next to stomach and gallbladder |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| eructation | belching |
| singultus | hiccup |
| -pepsia | process of digestion |
| halit/o | breath |
| pyr/o | fire |
| -emesis | vomiting |
| N&V | nausea and vomiting |
| -chezia | fecal matter |
| melena | dark stool |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| syndrome | it's there, unknown why |
| flatus | gas |
| lueko/o | white |
| -plakia | top of tongue |
| pyo- | pus |
| -occlusion | blockage |
| -phagia | swallowing |
| GERD | gastroespophageal reflux disease |
| PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
| peptic | stomach |
| glycos/o | glucose, sugar |
| fissure | crack |
| abcess | destroyed tissue |
| pruritus | itching |
| ulcer | tissue breaks down and makes hole |
| fistula | breaking down |
| volv/ulus | twisting of the intestines |
| angi/o | blood vessels |
| leio/o | smooth muscle |
| carcinoma | malignant tumor |
| BE | barium enema |
| BaS | barium swallow |
| fluor/o | continual viewing |
| sono | sound |
| culture | trying to grow bacteria |
| para- | near, beside |
| -emetics | vomiting |
| voiding | peeing |
| nephr/o, ren/o | kidney |
| vesic/o, cyst/o | urinary bladder, sac that stores urine |
| trigon/o | trigone, area between ureters coming in and urethra going out in the sac that stores urine |
| cortic/o | cortex, outside |
| glomerul/o | glomerulus, tiny balls of renal capillaries |
| -uria | urinary condition |
| azot/o | nitrogen |
| edema | swelling |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| -sepsis | infection |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| -stalsis | contraction |
| proct/o | anus and rectum |
| mandibul/o | lower jaw |
| maxill/o | upper jaw |
| bol/o | bolus |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| cheil/o labi/o | lips |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| sial/o | saliva |
| corpor/o | body |
| ilium | part of the hip bone |
| ileus | general term for obstruction |
| plic/o | fold |
| vill/o | villus, absorbs products of carbs and protein digestion |
| celi/o | abdomen |
| -cele | herniation |
| lumin/o | tubular cavity |
| enter/o | small intestines |
| pylor/o | muscle between stomach and and first part of small intestines |
| appendic/o | structure hanging from cecum |
| ana- | up, apart |
| lob/o | lobe |
| cholangi/o | bile vessel |
| -kinin | movement |
| -crine | to secrete |
| dental caries | tooth decay |
| aphthous stomatitis | canker sore |
| dental plaque | material that coats teeth |
| malocclusion | abnormal bite |
| leuk/o | white |
| -plakia | condition of patches |
| polyp | growth on mucus membranes |
| paralytic ileus | lack of peristaltic movement in the intestines |
| fistula | abnormal channel that forms between organs or outside of the body |
| intussusception | inward telescoping of the intestines |
| peritone/o | membrane that lines the abdominal cavity |
| perone/o | fibula |
| perine/o | perineum, space between anus and external reproductive organs |
| pruritus ani | itching of skin around the anus |
| Crohn disease | idiopathic inflammation of ileum or colon |
| IBD | Irritable Bowel Disease, erosion of intestinal lining with bleeding and diarrhea |
| divertcul/o | divertculum, pouches in the lining of the small or large intestine |
| anorectal abscess | circumscribed area of purulent material in the distal end of the digestive tract |
| -centesis | removal of fluid |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| anastomosis | joining of two hollow tubes or organs |
| enema | introduction of solution into the rectum for therapeutic purposes |
| ligation | tying off of a blood vessel |
| -stoma | artificial opening |
| hemi- | half |
| EGD | esophagogastrodudenoscopy |
| GGT | gamma-glutamyl transferase |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| HAV | hepatitis A virus |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| Lap | laparscopy |
| LES | lower esophageal sphincter |
| PEG | percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy |
| PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
| urea | chemical waste product |
| chym/o | juice |
| meat/o | meatus, opening of the urethra |
| strom/o | stromal tissue, supportive tissue |
| retro- | backward |
| calic/o, cal/i | calyx, extension of the muscular tubes that move urine |
| hil/o | hilum, location on the kidney where ureter and renal vein leave kidney and the renal artery enters |
| renal | pertaining to the kidney |
| calc/o | calcium |
| urethr/o | urethra, tube connecting urine out of the bladder |
| pyopyelectasis | dilation of the renal pelvis caused by an accumulation of pus |
| -iasis | presence of |
| corpuscles | any small mass of body |
| vesicoureteral reflux | backward flow of urine from the bladder towards the kidney |
| -cele | herniation |
| blood urea nitrogen | lab test done to measure nitrogenous waste |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate, test to measure the amount of blood filtered by the glomeruli |
| creatinine clearance test | test comparing the concentration of nitrogenous waste in the urine of 24 hours |
| intravenous urography | radiographic imaging of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder done with contrast medium |
| calcul/o | stone |
| -pexy | suspension |
| ARF | acute renal failure |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| CAPD | continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| ESWL | extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| GN | glomerulonephritis |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| IVU | intravenous urography |
| KUB | kidney, ureter, and bladder |
| pH | acidity/alkalinity |
| SG | specific gravity |
| TCC | transitional cell carcinoma |
| UA | urinalysis |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrography |
| andr/o | male |
| test/o, testicul/o | testicle |
| orchi/o, orchid/o, orch/o | testicle |
| ster/o | steroid |
| -one | substance that forms |
| -genesis | production |
| pen/i, phall/o | penis |
| vesicul/o | seminal vesicle |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| scrot/o | scrotum |
| preputi/o | prepuce (foreskin), outside head area of penis |
| balan/o | glans penis, inside head area of penis |
| phimosis | tightening of the foreskin |
| -spadias | tear |
| testicular torsion | twisting of a testicle on spermatic cord |
| dorsum | top |
| gynec/o | female |
| mast/o | breast |
| gynecomastia | enlargement of breast tissue in a male |
| varic/o | varices, veins of the spermatic cord |
| nonseminoma | majority of germ cell tumors |
| teratoma | synonym is dermoid cyst |
| Leydig and Sertoli cell tumors | benign tumors that arise from testicular stromal tissue |
| DRE | digital rectum exam, insertion of a gloved finger to palpate the prostate |
| FTA-ABS | florescent treponemal antibody absortion test, definitive test for diagnosing syphilis |
| Gram stain | test used to diagnose gonorrhea |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen, blood test for prostatic hypertrophy |
| VDRL | Venereal Disease Research Laboratory, test for syphilis |
| castration | removal of both gonads |
| ablation | destruction of tissue |
| circumcision | removal of prepuce |
| sterilization | rendering barren |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| BPH | benign prosatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy |
| Gc | gonococcus |
| Condyloma | Wartlike growths around the anus, vulva, or glans penis |
| HPV | human papilloma virus, family of more than 100 viruses that are responsible for causing warts |
| GU | genitourinary |
| o/o, ov/o, ov/ie | ovum, female germ cell |
| -arche | beginning |
| -pause | stop, cease |
| hyster/o, uter/o | uterus |
| metri/o, metr/o | uterus |
| salping/o, -salpinx | fallopian tube |
| ovul/o | egg |
| -ation | process of |
| culd/o | rectouterine pouch, space in pelvic cavity between the urterus and rectum |
| Douglas' culd-de-sac | rectouterine pouch, space in pelvic cavity between the urterus and rectum |
| colp/o | vagina |
| cervic/o | the neck of the uterus |
| vulv/o, episi/o | vulva, external female genitalia |
| bartholin/o | Bartholin gland, paired glands in the vulva that secrete a mucous lubricant for the vagina |
| thel/e, papill/o | nipple |
| gravid/o, -gravida, -cyesis | pregnancy |
| fet/o | fetus |
| amni/o, amnion/o, -amnios | amnion, inner sac that encircles the embryo |
| chori/o, chorion/o | chorion, outer sac that encircles the embryo |
| placent/o | placenta, highly vascular structure that acts as a communication between mother and embryo |
| umbilic/o, omphal/o | navel |
| part/o, -para, -partum, -tocia | labor |
| primi- | first |
| nulli- | none |
| an- | without |
| endometri/o | endometrium, inner layer of the uterus |
| -ia | condition of |
| poly- | excessive, many |
| hydr/o | fluid |
| amniocentesis | removal of amniotic fluid for diagnostic testing |
| clitorid/o | clitoris |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| oxy- | rapid |
| EDD | estimated delivery date, baby is due |
| hCG | human chorionic gonaadotropin, pregnancy hormone |
| PCOS | polycystic ovary syndrome, multiple cysts on delivery |
| OCP | oral contraceptive pill, birth control medication |
| PMB | postmenopausal bleeding, bleeding after menopause |
| D&C | dilation and curettage, removal of uterine lining |
| TAH-BSO | total abdominal hysterectomy with a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, removal of uterus, oviducts, and ovaries |
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