branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy
Structuralism
early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind
Socrates and Plato
Grecian philosophers who concluded that the mind is separable from the body and continues after the body dies, and that knowledge is innate- born within us
Empiricism
the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation
Psychometrics
the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
Edward Titchener
creator of structuralism and the idea of introspection
Experimental Psychology
the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
Functionalism
school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish
William James
philosopher who used Darwin's principles of natural selection to create functionalism; thinking developed because it was adaptive
Social-Cultural Psychology
the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
