What occurs when any physiological process lowers PaCO2 less than 35 mmHg and raises pH more than 7.45?
Respiratory Alkalosis -Egan, Chapter 12, page 286
What is reabsorption?
Reabsorption is the active or passive transport of filtrate substances back into the tubule cell and then into the blood of nearby capillaries -Egan, Chapter 12, page 277
Define the law of electroneutrality.
States that the total number of positive charges must equal the total number of negative charges in the body fluids -Egan, Chapter 12, page 288
What is the blood buffer base?
The blood buffer base is the sum of bicarbonate and nonbicarbonate bases in the mmol/L of blood. -Egan, Chapter 12, page 273
How is base excess determined?
Determined by equilibrating a blood sample in the laboratory to a PCO2 of 40 mmHg at standard body temperature Celsius and recording the amount of acid or base needed to titrate 1L of blood to a pH of 7.40. -Egan, Chapter 12, page 294.
How can hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis be iatrogenically induced?
The hyperventilation an be caused by overly aggressive mechanical ventilation as well as deep breathing and lung expansion procedures. -Egan, Chapter 12, page 286
What is a combined acid-base disturbance?
A disturbance where they are both respiratory and metabolically related. -Egan, Chapter 12, page 294.
What is the difference between an open buffer system and a closed buffer system?
In an open buffer system, some of the solutes are removed from the body, while in a closed system, they are kept and used within the system of reactions. -Egan, Chapter 12, page 273
In normal lungs, name 3 causes of respiratory acidosis.
