| Question | Answer |
| Describe platelets | Thrombocytes
Smallest formed elements found in the blood
Not true cells; fragments of cells
Initiate blood clotting
Hemostasis |
| Describe red blood cells | Transport O2/CO2
Most numerous circulating blood cells
During erythropoiesis they decrease in size
Develop Hb/Hgb (give them their red color)
Hb carries 02 to body tissues and exchanges it for C02
Shaped like biconcave disks |
| Describe the spleen | Acts as a filter
Resembles a lymph node
Destroys old RBCs
Stores healthy blood cells |
| Describe the thymus | Responsible for cellular immunity
Transforms lymphocytes into T cells
Located in the mediastinum |
| Describe the tonsils | Masses of lymphatic tissue (palatine) located in the pharynx
Protect upper respiratory structures
Acts as filters |
| Describe white blood cells | Protect the body from pathogens
Remove debris from injured tissue
Aid in healing process
Diapedesis
Initiate inflammation and immune response
Phagocytic
Granulocyte or agranulocyte
Migrate through capillaries and venules |
| List autoimmune diseases. | AIDS
Allergies
Myasthenia gravis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Thrombocytopenia
Vasculitis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| What is the function histamines? | Initiate the inflammatory process by increasing blood flow |
| What are the two ducts of the lymph system? | Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct |
| What are the four types of T cells? | -Cytotoxic -Suppressor
-Helper -Memory |
| What are the functions of the lymph system? | Maintain fluid balance
Transport lipids away from the GI system
Filter and remove unwanted infectious products |
| What is an allergy? | Acquired abnormal immune response |
| What is hematology? | Study blood cells, blood-clotting mechanisms, bone marrow and lymph nodes |
| What is heparin? | Acts to prevent blood from clotting at the injury site |
| Where do blood cells develop from? | Stem cells |
| edema | Abnormal accumulation of fluids in the intercellular
spaces of the body |
| hemosiderosis | Abnormal increase of iron in the blood |
| leukocytosis | Abnormal increase of white cells |
| lymphadenopathy | Any disease of the lymph nodes |
| antiserum | Blood serum that contains antibodies |
| megakaryocyte | Cell with a large nucleus; fragments become
platelets |
| pernicious anemia | Chronic, progressive anemia due to lack of
sufficient vitamin B12 |
| phagocytosis | Condition of ingesting cells |
| leukopenia | Decrease in white blood cells |
| thrombolysis | Destruction of a clot |
| hemolytic anemia | Destruction of RBCs, commonly resulting in
jaundice |
| dyspnea | Difficulty breathing |
| adenopathy | Disease of a gland |
| vertigo | Dizziness |
| splenomegaly | Enlargement of the spleen |
| thymectomy | Excision of the thymus gland |
| autoimmune disease | Failure of the body to accurately distinguish
between what is “self” and what is “non-self” |
| hematopoiesis | Formation of blood cells and platelets in bone marrow |
| reticulocyte | Immature RBC |
| folic-acid deficiency anemia | Inability to produce sufficient RBCs |
| transfusion | infusion of blood or blood products from one person
to another |
| sickle cell anemia | Inherited anemia that causes RBCs to become
crescent- or sickle-shaped |
| iron-deficiency anemia | Lack of sufficient iron in RBCs |
| monocyte | Leukocyte that is phagocytic |
| eosinophil | Leukocyte that protects by releasing toxins to destroy
harmful invaders |
| basophil | Leukocyte that releases histamines and heparin |
| hematoma | Localized accumulation of blood |
| erythrocyte | Mature red blood cell |
| phlebotomy | Obtaining blood for testing purposes |
| immunologist | One who specializes in the study of protection |
| hypochromic | Pertaining to decrease of colour |
| hemoglobin | Plasma protein; carries O2 to body tissues |
| thrombocyte | Platelet; initiates blood clotting |
| sepsis | Presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood;
also called septicemia or blood poisoning |
| antibody | Protects against antigens |
| lymphocytes | Provides protection form bacteria by producing
antibodies |
| erythema | Redness of the skin |
| anemia | Reduction in the number of circulating red blood
cells |
| myeloid | Resembling bone marrow |
| aplastic anemia | Serious form of anemia associated with bone marrow
failure |
| antigen | Substance recognized as harmful to the host |
| blood culture | Test to determine the presence of pathogens in the
bloodstream |
| plasma | The liquid portion of blood |
| neutrophil | The most numerous WBC |
| morphology | The study of shape |
| viscous | Thick, sticky |
| lymphoma | Tumour of lymph tissue |
| granulocyte | Type of WBC containing granules; formed in the
red bone marrow |
| agranulocyte | Type of white blood cell without granules |
| leukocytes | White blood cell |
