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Blue Module
Blood, Lymph, and Immune- Reveiw
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Describe platelets | Thrombocytes Smallest formed elements found in the blood Not true cells; fragments of cells Initiate blood clotting Hemostasis |
Describe red blood cells | Transport O2/CO2 Most numerous circulating blood cells During erythropoiesis they decrease in size Develop Hb/Hgb (give them their red color) Hb carries 02 to body tissues and exchanges it for C02 Shaped like biconcave disks |
Describe the spleen | Acts as a filter Resembles a lymph node Destroys old RBCs Stores healthy blood cells |
Describe the thymus | Responsible for cellular immunity Transforms lymphocytes into T cells Located in the mediastinum |
Describe the tonsils | Masses of lymphatic tissue (palatine) located in the pharynx Protect upper respiratory structures Acts as filters |
Describe white blood cells | Protect the body from pathogens Remove debris from injured tissue Aid in healing process Diapedesis Initiate inflammation and immune response Phagocytic Granulocyte or agranulocyte Migrate through capillaries and venules |
List autoimmune diseases. | AIDS Allergies Myasthenia gravis Rheumatoid Arthritis Thrombocytopenia Vasculitis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
What is the function histamines? | Initiate the inflammatory process by increasing blood flow |
What are the two ducts of the lymph system? | Right lymphatic duct Thoracic duct |
What are the four types of T cells? | -Cytotoxic -Suppressor -Helper -Memory |
What are the functions of the lymph system? | Maintain fluid balance Transport lipids away from the GI system Filter and remove unwanted infectious products |
What is an allergy? | Acquired abnormal immune response |
What is hematology? | Study blood cells, blood-clotting mechanisms, bone marrow and lymph nodes |
What is heparin? | Acts to prevent blood from clotting at the injury site |
Where do blood cells develop from? | Stem cells |
edema | Abnormal accumulation of fluids in the intercellular spaces of the body |
hemosiderosis | Abnormal increase of iron in the blood |
leukocytosis | Abnormal increase of white cells |
lymphadenopathy | Any disease of the lymph nodes |
antiserum | Blood serum that contains antibodies |
megakaryocyte | Cell with a large nucleus; fragments become platelets |
pernicious anemia | Chronic, progressive anemia due to lack of sufficient vitamin B12 |
phagocytosis | Condition of ingesting cells |
leukopenia | Decrease in white blood cells |
thrombolysis | Destruction of a clot |
hemolytic anemia | Destruction of RBCs, commonly resulting in jaundice |
dyspnea | Difficulty breathing |
adenopathy | Disease of a gland |
vertigo | Dizziness |
splenomegaly | Enlargement of the spleen |
thymectomy | Excision of the thymus gland |
autoimmune disease | Failure of the body to accurately distinguish between what is “self” and what is “non-self” |
hematopoiesis | Formation of blood cells and platelets in bone marrow |
reticulocyte | Immature RBC |
folic-acid deficiency anemia | Inability to produce sufficient RBCs |
transfusion | infusion of blood or blood products from one person to another |
sickle cell anemia | Inherited anemia that causes RBCs to become crescent- or sickle-shaped |
iron-deficiency anemia | Lack of sufficient iron in RBCs |
monocyte | Leukocyte that is phagocytic |
eosinophil | Leukocyte that protects by releasing toxins to destroy harmful invaders |
basophil | Leukocyte that releases histamines and heparin |
hematoma | Localized accumulation of blood |
erythrocyte | Mature red blood cell |
phlebotomy | Obtaining blood for testing purposes |
immunologist | One who specializes in the study of protection |
hypochromic | Pertaining to decrease of colour |
hemoglobin | Plasma protein; carries O2 to body tissues |
thrombocyte | Platelet; initiates blood clotting |
sepsis | Presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood; also called septicemia or blood poisoning |
antibody | Protects against antigens |
lymphocytes | Provides protection form bacteria by producing antibodies |
erythema | Redness of the skin |
anemia | Reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells |
myeloid | Resembling bone marrow |
aplastic anemia | Serious form of anemia associated with bone marrow failure |
antigen | Substance recognized as harmful to the host |
blood culture | Test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream |
plasma | The liquid portion of blood |
neutrophil | The most numerous WBC |
morphology | The study of shape |
viscous | Thick, sticky |
lymphoma | Tumour of lymph tissue |
granulocyte | Type of WBC containing granules; formed in the red bone marrow |
agranulocyte | Type of white blood cell without granules |
leukocytes | White blood cell |