Medical Terminology Davi-Ellen Chabner 9th Edition Chapter 7
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| CALI/O | CALYX
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| CYST/O | URINARY BLADDER
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| GLOMERUL/O | GLOMERULUS
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| MEAT/O | MEATUS
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| NEPHR/O | KIDNEY
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| PYEL/O | RENAL PELVIS
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| REN/O | KIDNEY
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| TRIGON/O | TIRGONE (region of the bladder)
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| URETER/O | URETER
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| URETHR/O | URETHRA
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| VESIC/O | URINARY BLADDER
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| ALBUMIN/O | ALBUMIN
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| AZOT/O | NITROGEN
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| BACTERI/O | BACTERIA
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| DIPS/O | THIRST
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| KAL/O | POTASSIUM
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| KET/O KETON/O | KETONE BODIES (ketoacids and acetone)
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| lith/o | stone
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| NATR/O | SODIUM
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| NOCT/O | NIGHT
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| OLIG/O | SCANTY
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| -POIETIN | SUBSTANCE THAT FORMS
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| PY/O | PUS
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| -TRIPSY | CRUSHING
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| UR/O | URINE (urea)
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| URIN/O | URINE
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| -URIA | URINATION, URINE CONDITION
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| glomerulonephritis | Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney
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| interstitial nephritis | inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules.
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| nephrolithiasis | kidney stones (renal calculi)
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| nephrotic syndrom (nephrosis) | group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss of urine.
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| polycystic kidney disease | multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney
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| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma
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| renal call carcinoma (hypernephroma) | Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood
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| renal failure | kidney decreases excretion of waster as a result of impaired filtration function
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| renal hypertension | high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
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| wilms tumor | malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood
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| bladder cancer | malignant tumor of the urinary bladder
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| diabetes insipidus | antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effects
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| diabetes mellitus | insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body
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| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | measurement of urea levels in blood
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| creatinine clearance | measurement of the rate at which creatine is cleared from the blood by the kidney
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| CT SCAN | X-RAY IMAGE SHOW MULTIPLE CROSS SECTIONAL AND OTHER VIEWS OF ORGANS AND TISSUES
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| KIDNEY, URETERS, AND BLADDER (KUB) | x-ray image (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters and bladder
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| renal angiography | x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney
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| retrograde pyelogram (RP) | x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder.
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| voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) | x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding
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| ultrasonography | Imaging of urinary tract structure using high-frequency sound waves
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| radioisotope scan | image of the kidney after injecting a radioactive substance (radioisotpe) into the bloodstream
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body
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| cystoscopy | direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)
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| dialysis | process of separating nitrogenous wastes materials from the blood
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| lithotripsy | urinary tract stones are crushed
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| renal angioplasty | dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries
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| renal biopsy | removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination
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| renal transplantation | surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient
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| urinary catheterization | passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder
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| ADH | ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE
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| ARF | ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
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| CKD | CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
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| CL- | CLORIDE
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| K+ | potassium
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| Na+ | sodium
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| Pyuria | pus
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| albuminuria | protein
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| hematuria | blood
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| gycosuria | sugar
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| ketonuria | ketones or acetones
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| bacteruria | bacteria
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| azotemia | excess nitrogenous waste in the blodstream
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| polydipsa | condition of much thirst
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| urinary incontinence | inability to hold urine in the bladder
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| enuresis | bed-wetting
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| urinary retention | inability to release urine from the bladder
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| ketosis | abnormal condition of ketone bodies (acids and acetones) in the blood and body tissues
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| sediment | abnormal particles present in the urine-cells, bacteria, casts, and crystals
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| phenylketonuria | high levels of this substance appear in urine when a baby is born with a defiecieny of an enzyme. The infant can become mentally retarded if not immediately put on a strict diet that prevents the substance from accumulating in the blood and urine
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| hematuria | smokey red color of urine caused by the presence of blood
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| pyuria | turbid (cloudy) urine caused by the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and pus____
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| glycosuria | Sugar in the urine, a symptom of diabetes mellitus and a result of hyperglycemia
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| pH | the urine test reflects the acidity or alkalinity of the urine
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| ketonuria | high levels of acids and acetones accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat breakdown.
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| bilirubinuria | Dark pigment that accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat breakdown
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| specific gravity | the urine test reflects the concentration of the urine
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| albuminuria | leaky glomeruli can produce a accumulation of protein in the urine
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| essential hypertension | idiopathic high blood pressure
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| edema | swelling, fluid in tissues
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| stricture | narrowed area in a tube
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| abscess | collection of pus
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| diabetes mellitus | inadequate secretion of insulin or improper utilization of insulin leads to this condition
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| secondary hypertension | high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or another disease
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| catheter | tube for withdrawing or giving fluid
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| diabetes insipidus | inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone
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| nephroptosis | prolapse of a kidney
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| renal colic | severe pain resulting from a stone that is blocking a ureter or a kidney
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| nephrectomy | excision of a kidney
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| nephrolithotomy | surgical incision into a kidney to remove a stone
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| cystoscopy | visual examination of the urinary bladder via endoscope
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| lithotripsy | crushing of stones
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| ureteroilestomy | new opening of the ureters to a segment of ileum (in place of the bladder)
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| urethroplasty | surgical repair of the urethra
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| nephrostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the kidney (via catheter) from the outside of the body
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| cystostomy | surgical formation of an opening from the bladder to the outside of the body
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| csytectomy | removal of the urinary bladder
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| ureterolithotomy | incision of a ureter to remove a stone
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