CH 12 Stress & Health Psychology
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| show | A state of psychological tension or stress, my body’s response to stressful situations.
Adjustment: Any effort to cope with stress
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| What is health psychology? | show 🗑
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| show | The events or circumstances that trigger stress, they vary in intensity & duration( from mild-severe).
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•Ex: work pressure, public embarrassment, school, death, etc.
• We experience the most stress when our life is in the greatest danger
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| even more info on stressors: | show 🗑
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| What is the Social Readjustment rating scale(SRRS)? | show 🗑
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| show | •To find the amount of stress a person experienced during a given period, I add up the stress rating of all the changes with which he/she had to cope.
• Some items on the SRRS deal with events such as death of a spouse, retirement, etc.
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| show | •The SRRS, assumes everyone will experience the same amount of stress when confronted w/ a particular stressor.
• It fails to take into account the meaning of events for each position.
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| What is the College Life stress Inventory? | show 🗑
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| What are hassels? | show 🗑
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| What is pressure? | show 🗑
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| show | Maintaining the same/higher levels of production w/less workers(Downsizing)
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| What is frustration? | show 🗑
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| show | Simultaneous existence of incompatible demands, opportunities, needs, or goals. Most common life’s trouble. There are 3 different types of conflict.
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| show | According to Lewin, the result of simultaneous attraction to two appealing possibilities, neither of which has any negative qualities.
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| show | Ex: student has been accepted to two equally desirable colleges/universities. The stress in this type of conflict arise form the fact that in choosing 1 option, I must give up the other
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| show | According to Lewin, the result of facing a choice between two undesirable possibilities, neither of which has any positive qualities. Pick the “lesser of the two evils”
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| show | According to Lewin, the result of being simultaneously attracted to & repelled by the same goal. The most common form of conflict.
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| show | Ex: A couple, whose only quarrel is that one wants to get married, the other is unsure. The “unsure” person wants to continue the relationship(approach) but is wary of making a life-long commitment (avoidance).
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| What is change? | show 🗑
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| What is primary appraisal? | show 🗑
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| show | People evaluate in terms of whether, they believe they have the personal skills, knowledge, experience, & social resources, to cope with the event.
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| Example of secondary Appraisal | show 🗑
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| What is Locus of Control? | show 🗑
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| More info on Locus of Control | show 🗑
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| show | Developed by Suzanne Kobasa, a trait in which a person who tolerate stress exceptionally well or seem to thrive on it.
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| show | •Stress-hardy people are open to change. Ex: someone who loses their job, doesn’t see the situation as catastrophic, but as an opportunity to begin a new career.
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| more info on Hardiness: | show 🗑
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| even more info on hardiness | show 🗑
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| show | Ability to bounce back, recovering one’s self- confidence, good spirits, & hopeful attitude after extreme stress or prolonged stress. Stress WILL knock you down, but you get up.
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| show | People who create problems for themselves quite apart from stressful events in their environment. They are irrational, self-defeating beliefs that add to stress.
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| Info on Self-imposed stress | show 🗑
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| More info on Self-Imposed stress: | show 🗑
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| self-confidence, what is it? | show 🗑
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| show | Any action to change a situation, Confrontation, compromise, & withdraw occur here
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| show | •Those with lower class life produce greater stress
•They have less support, resources, education, and lower self esteem.
•Men and women, appear to be equally affected physiologically, but different in coping mechanisms.
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| show | Make cognitive & behavioral efforts to manage psychological stress.
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| show | refers to intentional efforts to change an uncomfortable situation
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| Info on direct coping: | show 🗑
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| Example of Direct Coping: | show 🗑
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| Define Defense coping: | show 🗑
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| show | Meet a stressful situation head-on & attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain the difficult goal.
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| show | •Includes expression of anger, can be effective, especially if we have been treated unfairly & if we express our anger w/restraint instead of exploding in rage.
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| What is compromise? | show 🗑
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| What is withdrawal? | show 🗑
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| Ex on Withdrawal: | show 🗑
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| show | •Sometimes withdrawal is a positive & realistic response, for Ex: if a driver with road rage confronts you, it’s better to define the situation & withdraw
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| show | : A Canadian physiologist Hans Selye, it’s the three stages the body passes through as it adapts to stress. Alarm reaction, resistance, & exhaustion.
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| Stage 1: Alarm Reaction | show 🗑
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| Stage 1: more info on Alarm Reaction | show 🗑
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| show | •We become more sensitive & alert, our respiration & heart beat quicken, our muscles tense, & we experience other physiological changes as well.
•These changes help us to mobilize our coping resources to deal w/the threat.
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| show | •At the alarm stage, we might use either direct or defensive coping strategies.
• If neither of these approaches reduces the stress, we eventually enter the second stage of adaptation.
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| show | Physical symptoms & other signs of strain appear as we struggle against increasing psychological disorganization. We intensify our use of both direct/defensive coping techniques.
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| show | •If we succeed in reducing the stress, we return to a more normal state.
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| stage 2: more info on resistance: | show 🗑
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| show | • When that happens, we begin to deplete our physical & emotional resources, & signs of psychic & physical wear & tear become even more apparent.
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| show | A person uses ineffective defense mechanisms in a desperate attempt to bring stress under control.
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| show | •Some people lose touch w/reality & show signs of emotional disorder or mental illness at this stage.
•Others “burn out”, inability to concentrate, irritability, procrastination, & a cynical belief that nothing is worthwhile.
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| show | •Physical symptoms such as skin or stomach problems may erupt
•Some victims turn to alcohol & drugs to cope w/stress-induced exhaustion.
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| show | The physiological reactions that prepare us to cope well in the alarm & resistance phases weaken us in the long run. If stress continues, the person may suffer irreparable physical, psychological damage, or even death.
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| Define Antigens: | show 🗑
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| What is Psychoneuroimmunology(PNI)? | show 🗑
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| show | Psychological disorder characterized by episodes of anxiety, sleeplessness, & nightmares resulting from some disturbing event in the past. Victims of PTSD withdraw from social life, from job, & from family responsibilities
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