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Abnormal Psychology

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Psychological disorders   Deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.  
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Attention-Deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)   A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.  
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Medical Model   The concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.  
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DSM IV TR   The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Widely used for classifying psychological disorders.  
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Anxiety Disorders   Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.  
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder   An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.  
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Panic Disorder   An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.  
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Phobia   An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.  
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)   An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions.  
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Post-Traumatic stress disorder   An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after the traumatic experience.  
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Post-traumatic growth   Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.  
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Somatoform Disorder   Psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause.  
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Conversion Disorder   A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found.  
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Hypochondriasis   A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensation as symptoms to a disease.  
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Dissociative Disorders   Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.  
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Dissociative identity disorder   A rare disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder  
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Mood Disorders   Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.  
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Major Depressive Disorder   A mood disorder in which a person experiences in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.  
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Mania   A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, widely optimistic state.  
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Bipolar disorder   A mood disorder in which the person switches between the hopelessness of depression and the overexcited state of mania.  
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Schizophrenia   A group of severe disorders described by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.  
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Delusions   False Beliefs.  
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Personality Disorders   Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.  
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Anti-social personality disorder   A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrong doing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.  
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Word Salad   Incoherent Speech consisting of both real and imaginary word, lacking comprehensive meaning, and occurring in advanced schizophrenic states.  
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Hallucinations   Seeing, touching, tasting, hearing, or smelling things that aren't there.  
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Agoraphobia   Fear of leaving one's home.  
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M'Naghten Rule   A 19th century case that gave us our modern interpretation of insanity. Test for insanity.  
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Fugue   Characterized by loss of identity, and for one to travel to a new location.  
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Dissociative Amnesia   Loss of memory either caused by a traumatic event or extreme periods of stress.  
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Atypical Behavior   Behavior that is different that it violates the norm.  
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Maladaptive Behavior   Behavior that is destructive to ones self or others.  
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Dysthimia   Known as the common cold. Has symptoms such as unhappiness, lack of energy and lack of a sense of humor. Usually last two weeks or less, and goes away without any medical.  
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Histrionic Personality Disorder   Characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriate seductiveness.  
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