Psychology
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| What is the independent variable? | show 🗑
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| What is the dependent variable? | show 🗑
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| What is the control group? | show 🗑
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| What is the experimental group? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Developing a Research Question
2. Forming a Hypothesis
3. Gathering Evidence
4. Drawing Conclusions
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| What is psychology? | show 🗑
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| show | A formulation that accounts for relationships among observed events or experimental findings in ways that make them more understandable and predictable
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| What is a hypothesis? | show 🗑
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| What is the behavioral perspective? | show 🗑
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| show | Exploring the unconscious influences of unconscious conflicts on behavior.
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| show | Focuses on conscious experience and self-awareness
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| What is the physiological perspective? | show 🗑
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| What is sociocultural perspective? | show 🗑
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| show | Explores the mental processes by which we acquire knowledge
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| What is structuralism? | show 🗑
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| show | The school of psychology that focuses on the adaptive functions of behavior; William James
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| show | The school of psychology that holds that psychology should limit itself to the study of overt, observable behavior; John Watson
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| What is gestalt psychology? | show 🗑
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| show | An in-depth study of one or more individuals
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| What is the survey method? | show 🗑
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| show | subsets of a population
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| What is the Hindbrain? | show 🗑
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| show | In the hindbrain; regulates basic life functions, such as heartbeat and respiration
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| What is the pons? | show 🗑
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| show | In hindbrain; controlling coordination and balance
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| What is the Midbrain? | show 🗑
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| What is reticular formation? | show 🗑
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| What is the Forebrain? | show 🗑
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| show | In the forebrain; serves as a relay station for sensory information and that plays a key role in regulating states of wakefulness and sleep
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| show | An assemblage of neurons lying in the forebrain that is important in controlling movement and coordination
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| What is the hypothalamus? | show 🗑
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| What is the limbic system? | show 🗑
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| show | Almond shaped structures in the limbic system belived to play an important role in aggression, rage and fear
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| What is the hippocampus? | show 🗑
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| What is the cerebral cortex? | show 🗑
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| What is the cerebrum? | show 🗑
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| What is the cerebral hemispheres? | show 🗑
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| show | thick bundle of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres
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| show | The parts of the cerebral cortex, located at the back of both cerebral hemisphere, that process visual stimuli
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| show | The parts of the cerebral cortex, located on the side of each cerebral hemisphere, that process bodily sensations.
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| What is the somatosensory cortex? | show 🗑
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| show | The parts of the cerebral cortex, located at the front of the cerebral hemispheres, that are considered the "executive center" of the brain because of their role in higher mental functions.
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| What is the temporal lobes? | show 🗑
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| show | The specialization of the right and left cerebral hemispheres for particular functions
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| What is Broca's Area? | show 🗑
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| What is Wernicke's Area? | show 🗑
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| What is aphasia? | show 🗑
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| show | neurological disorder causing seizures that involve sudden and violent discharges of electrical activity in the brain
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| show | The ability of the brain to adapt itself after a trauma or surgical alteration.
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| show | Pressure or demand placed on an organism to adjust or adapt
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| What is distress? | show 🗑
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| What is hassles? | show 🗑
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| show | A behavior pattern characterized by impatience, time urgency, competitiveness, and hostility
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| What is the general adaptation syndrome ( GAS)? | show 🗑
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| What is the alarm stage? | show 🗑
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| What is the resistance stage? | show 🗑
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| show | The third stage of (GAS), characterized by depletion of bodily resources and a lowered resistance to stress-related disorder or conditions
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| What is the flight-or-fight response? | show 🗑
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| show | A cluster of traits (commitment, openness to challenge, locus of control) that may buffer the effects of stress
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| show | belief that reward or reinforcements are a direct consequence of their actions
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| What is the external locus of control? | show 🗑
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| What is self-efficacy? | show 🗑
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| What is an unconditioned stimulus? | show 🗑
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| What is an unconditioned response? | show 🗑
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| What is a conditioned stimulus? | show 🗑
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| show | An acquired or learned response to a conditioned stimulus.
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| What is stimulus generalization? | show 🗑
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| What is stimulus discrimination? | show 🗑
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| show | process of learning in which the consequences of a response determine the probability that the response will be repeated
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| show | A response that operates on the environment to produce certain consequences
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| show | the strengthening of a response through the addition of a stimulus after the response occurs
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| What is negative reinforcement? | show 🗑
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| What is discriminative stimulus? | show 🗑
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| What is shaping? | show 🗑
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| What is schedules of reinforcement? | show 🗑
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| What is schedule of continuous reinforcement? | show 🗑
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| show | A system of reinforcement in which only a portion of responses is reinforced
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| What is escape learning? | show 🗑
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| What is avoidance learning? | show 🗑
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| show | The introduction of an aversive stimulus or removal of reinforcing stimulus after a response occurs, which leads to the weakening or suppression of the response
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| What is cognitive learning? | show 🗑
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| show | The process of mentally working through a problem until the sudden realization of a solution occurs
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| What is latent learning? | show 🗑
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| show | Learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others
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| show | The process of retaining information in memory
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| What is memory retrieval? | show 🗑
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| What is the three-stage model? | show 🗑
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| What is sensory memory? | show 🗑
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| show | A temporary storage device for holding sensory memories
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| show | A sensory store for holding a mental representation of a visual image for a fraction of a second
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| What is eidetic memory? | show 🗑
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| show | A sensory store for holding a mental representation of a sound for a few seconds after it registers
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| show | The process of extending retention of information held in short-term memory by consciously repeating information
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| show | The process of converting short-term memories into long-term memories
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| What is elaborative rehearsal? | show 🗑
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| show | Memory for facts
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| What is episodic memory? | show 🗑
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| What is retrospective memory? | show 🗑
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| What is prospective memory? | show 🗑
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| show | memory accessed without conscious effort
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| show | memory accessed with conscious effort
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| What is flashbulb memories? | show 🗑
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| show | A method of testing memory retention by comparing the number of trials needed to learn material with the number of trial needed to relearn the material at a later time
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| show | The belief that forgetting is the result of the interference of memories with each other
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| show | A form of interference in which newly acquired information interferes with retention of material learned earlier
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| show | A form of interference in which material learned earlier interferes with retention of newly acquired information
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| show | Practice repeated beyond the point necessary to reproduce without error
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| show | The tendency to recall items at the start or end of a list better than the items at the middle
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| What is primacy effect? | show 🗑
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| What is recency effect? | show 🗑
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| show | A type of recall task in which individuals are asked to recall as many stored items as possible in any order
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| What is amnesia? | show 🗑
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| show | Loss of memory of past events
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| show | Loss or impairment of the ability to form or store new memories
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| show | A psychologically based form of amnesia involving the "splitting off" from memory of traumatic or troubling experiences.
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