learning
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| show | Study of behavior with learning as the center piece
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| show | It describes learning an association between 2 stimuli (unlike conditioning) but describes the attenuation of a current response
eg. humans eventually get used to constant loud noise
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| Sensitisation (or dihabituation) | show 🗑
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| Sensitise or habituate | show 🗑
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| Classical Conditioning | show 🗑
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| show | They measure the salivary response to food and noticed that the salivary process happened before the presentation of food. He tested this idea directly with tones. They sound a tone every time the dog gets food. Dog begins to salivate to the tone, even w
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| show | The CR is similar to but weaker than UCR. This is a basic learning process that occurs across species. Its function is to alert organisms to an important upcoming event. If salivation can be conditioned, so might a whole lot of other bodily responses.
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| Acquisition | show 🗑
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| show | If CS (tone) is continually presented without UCS the strength of the CR reduces until it disappears
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| show | After extinction, a rest period with no further learning trials usually results in recovery CR however it is much weaker
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| The principle of temporal contiguity | show 🗑
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| Generalistation | show 🗑
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| show | A stimulus markedly different will not elicit a CR
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| show | Hungry dog get repeated tone-food pairings. Tone becomes CS with salvation as CR. Now show black square prior to tone (no food)Square eventually becomes a CS which can be elicit salivation on it's own. The whole chain of items associate with a response
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| Conditioned fear (Watson and Rayner (1920) | show 🗑
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| show | Exposure to the stimulus (cs) without the UCS allowing extinction to occur
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| show | Intense exposure to trigger stimulus,anxiety at maximum level- no adverse consequences-problem is phobic has to stay in room
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| show | Graduated exposure to the trigger stimulus-same idea but less likely that the patient will do a runner
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| show | Classical conditioning has also been linked to fetishism. Ralph McGuire got his trainees has a fetish of shoes
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| Aversion | show 🗑
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| Operant Conditioning | show 🗑
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| Thorndike's puzzle box | show 🗑
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| Law of Effect | show 🗑
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| show | Behavior is shaped and maintained by it's consequences. Base on the study of the effect that patterns of rewards and costs made contingent on EMITTED responses (classical conditioning is based on ELICITED responses)
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| show | A class of behavior on which a reinforcer is made contingent. Behaviour operate upon the environment to produce a change in the enviroment
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| Reinforcement | show 🗑
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| Punishment | show 🗑
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| Antecedent | show 🗑
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| show | They way the animal emits
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| show | Some effect that the environment then has upon the animal based upon it's earlier behaviour
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| Discriminative Stimuli | show 🗑
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| Primary reinforcement | show 🗑
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| show | Stimuli that acquire reinforcing properties through their association with primary reinforces eg money, praise ect
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| show | Weakening and eventually disappearance of a behaviour that is no longer reinforced.
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| Resistant to Extinction | show 🗑
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| show | Complex or unlikely behaviour pattern can be established by animals by a successive approximations to the desired response pattern
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| show | Conditioning several behaviours to happen in succession and be dependent on a prior response
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| show | The response will ocur with other antecedents that are similar to the one with initially present during learning
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| Operant discrimination | show 🗑
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| show | Reinforces occur at different frequencies in real life and this determines the strength of reinforcement.
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| Continuous reinforcement | show 🗑
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| Partial reinforcement | show 🗑
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| show | Some antecedent predicts the onset of the unpleasent stimulus allowing the animal to avoid it via an appropriate behavioral response.
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| Evolution | show 🗑
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| show | animals are hardwired to learn certain associations much better than other.
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| show | Rats liking from a drinking tube, Simultaneously exposed to sweet water, light and buzzer. Then irradiated to cause nausea
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| Fear | show 🗑
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| show | Some institutional behaviours are too strong and simply 'override' learning
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| show | Found that rats could learn cognitive maps with no rials with no reinforcer on 11th trial, rats performed the maze with thr same degree as those had already had 10 trials with food reinforcement
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| Expectancy-Rescorla (1968) | show 🗑
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| Kamin blocking effect | show 🗑
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| Attentional models | show 🗑
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| Latent inhibition | show 🗑
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| observational learnig | show 🗑
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