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UTA NURS 4462 Community Exam 1

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Question
Answer
Public Health Core Functions   show
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show systematically collecting data on the population, monitoring the population’s health status, and making information available about the health of the community.  
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show the need to provide leadership in developing policies that support the health of the population, including the use of the scientific knowledge base in making decisions about policy.  
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show the role of public health in ensuring that essential community-oriented health services are available.  
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show Monitor health status to identify community health problems; Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.  
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Policy Development essential public health services   show
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Assurance essential public health services   show
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Essential public health services that serve all functions   show
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Public health nursing specialists   show
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show may be clinically oriented to the individual client, and who combine some population-focused strategies and direct care clinical strategies in programs serving specified populations  
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show What society does collectively to ensure the conditions in which people can be healthy  
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show population or defined group.  
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Assessment (r/t public health)   show
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Assurance   show
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show a payment system whereby one fee is charged to the client to pay for all services received or needed.  
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community-based nursing   show
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Community Health Improvement Process (CHIP)   show
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community health nurses   show
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show an industry whose labor force is small or may consist of family units working at home with their own equipment; a single-purpose industry.  
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show provides a broad range of services for the population served.  
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show refers to integrating payment for services with delivery of services and emphasizing cost-effective service delivery along a continuum of care.  
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show developing policies that support the health of the population, including the use of the scientific knowledge base in making decisions about policy.  
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show collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common.  
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population-focused practice   show
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show the core functions of public health are assessment, policy development, and assurance.  
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public health nursing   show
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show a group of public health nursing organizations that has developed levels of skills to be obtained by public health nurses for each of the competencies.  
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Subpopulations   show
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show Expansion of the role of nursing to include health-promotion practices  
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First trained nurse in the US   show
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show called for innovations: establishment of public health infrastructure; environmental sanitation; food, drug, & disease control; well-child care; health education; tobacco & alcohol control; urban planning; & preventive education in medical training  
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NOPHN major accomplishments   show
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show the national professional association of registered nurses in the United States, founded in 1896.  
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show a national organization founded in 1872 to facilitate interdisciplinary efforts and to promote the health of the public.  
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American Red Cross   show
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show the style of public health nursing organization in which a nurse is assigned to a geographic area to provide a wide variety of nursing services; contrasts with a specialist approach in which several nurses may visit in the same home for different purposes  
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show a term used by William Rathbone for the organization that provided district nurses.  
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show considered to be the founder of nursing; led a mission to the Crimean War and developed nursing procedures and care in the British hospitals in Scutari. She wrote the first texts on nursing and founded a movement of Nightingale training schools for nurses  
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show a rural nursing service founded in 1925 by Mary Breckinridge in Kentucky as the Kentucky Committee for Mothers and Babies. The FNS influenced the development of nurse midwifery in the United States.  
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show first public health nurse in US and a social reformer whose influence established the context for community and public health nursing; founded the Henry Street Settlement in NY in 1893, whose health services later became the Visiting Nurse Service of NY  
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show woman who established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) in 1925 to emulate systems of care used in the Highlands and islands of Scotland. Introduced the first nurse-midwives into the United States.  
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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company   show
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show a national organization for nurses that is composed of nurses and consumers and was created in 1952 with the closure of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing and other professional nursing organizations.  
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show an early organization for public health nurses, founded in 1912. It was dissolved in 1952, and many of its functions were distributed primarily to the National League for Nursing.  
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show a government agency addressing health services, health planning, and/or health policy at the city, county, state, or federal level.  
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show neighborhood-based and population-centered services for health and social services, such as Chicago's Hull House, founded by Jane Addams. Many were built in urban areas to serve immigrant and poor working-class neighborhoods.  
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show Maternity & Infancy Act of 1921, provided federal matching funds to establish maternal & child health divisions in state health depts. Ended in 1929 d/t concerns it gave too much power to the federal government & too closely resembled socialized medicine.  
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Social Security Act of 1935   show
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show the later name of the American Red Cross's Rural Nursing Service.  
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show professional nurse who provides health promotion, disease prevention, screening, illness, and rehabilitation services in the home of individuals and families; usually as part of visiting nurse associations.  
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Rathbone, William   show
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show disaster prevention/response; health care financing (including Medicaid and CHIP); mental health and professional education; establishing health codes; licensing; regulating insurance; and providing assistance to local health departments.  
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Major barrio to achieving WHO’s objective of "Health for All in the 21st Century"   show
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The Health Resources and Services Administration responsibilities   show
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show Increases in number of aging baby boomers, longevity of the elderly, advances in medical technology, and globalization with its associated need for increased surveillance of new and reemerging infectious diseases  
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show requires most have insurance, expands Medicaid, subsidizes coverage for low- and middle-income, transforms system from sick care to health care, lowers mortality r/t preventable causes, increases access to affordable care and nursing workforce development  
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Expected national health spending growth rate   show
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show Those who are poor, minority group members, and non-English speakers  
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show The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)  
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show the practice of protecting and promoting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences  
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show Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, improve the health of all groups; Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, premature death; Promote healthy development and behaviors; Create environments that promote good health for all  
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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009   show
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disease prevention   show
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Disparities   show
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electronic health record   show
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globalization   show
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show promotes a culture change in the thinking about health care, education and training of health care providers, and financing of our health care system.  
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show a set of principles comprised of a large number of objectives related to 38 topic areas. These objectives are designed to serve as a road map for improving the health of all people in the United States during the second decade of the twenty-first century.  
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show a part of the National Academy of Sciences, and an organization whose purpose is to provide national advice on issues relating to biomedical science, medicine, and health.  
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managed care   show
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medically underserved areas   show
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primary health care   show
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show broad range of services, including basic health services, family planning, clean water supply, sanitation, immunization, & nutrition education; programs designed to be affordable for the recipients of the care and the governments that provide them.  
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sentinel event   show
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World Health Organization (WHO)   show
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Seven-step EBP process   show
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show systematic review, meta-analysis, integrative review, and narrative review  
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show an example of a result of EBP; a population-based practice model for public health nursing that consists of 3 levels of practice at the community, systems, and individual/family levels and 17 public health interventions for improving population health.  
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EBP model that ensure the community’s perspective is included   show
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show case-control studies  
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Barriers to adopting EBP in the community setting   show
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show being "aware of the evidence on which one's practice is based, the soundness of the evidence, and the strength of inference the evidence permits" (Guyatt and Rennie, 2002, p xiv).  
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evidence-based nursing   show
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show includes the best available evidence from a variety of sources, including research studies, evidence from nursing experience and expertise, and evidence from community leaders.  
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show "a public health endeavor in which there is an informed, explicit, and judicious use of evidence that has been derived from any of a variety of science and social science research and evaluation methods" (Rychetnik et al, 2003, p 538).  
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grading the strength of evidence   show
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show "a specific method of statistical synthesis used in some systematic reviews, where the results from several studies are quantitatively combined and summarized" (Rychetnik et al, 2003, p 542).  
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randomized controlled trial (RCT)   show
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research utilization   show
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show a summary of the research evidence that relates to a specific question and to the effects of an intervention.  
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show assessment, policy development, and assurance  
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show provides the foundation for a national health promotion and disease-prevention strategy built on the two goals of increasing the “quality and years of healthy life” and eliminating “health disparities.”  
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show defined competencies for the core functions of public health practice  
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Community Client   show
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Dimensions of communities   show
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show type of community where interactions occur within a specific geographic area (e.g. Neighborhood and face-to-face communities)  
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show cut across geographic areas; common concerns and interests, which can be long term or short term in nature, bring their members together (e.g., a group to support a smoke-free environment).  
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community of problem ecology   show
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show school districts, townships, or counties.  
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community health assessment requirements   show
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Methods of collecting data   show
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show gaining entry or acceptance into the community. The nurse is usually an outsider and often represents an established health care system that is neither known nor trusted by community members, who may react with indifference or even active hostility.  
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Community health planning   show
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Community health dimensions   show
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show involves biological (e.g. morbidity & mortality rates), emotional (e.g., consumer satisfaction and mental health indexes), and social parts (e.g., crime rates and functional levels)  
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show project to provide an overview of key health indicators for local communities  
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Community health structure dimension   show
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Community health process dimension   show
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Essential conditions of community competence   show
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Main characteristics of a successful partnership   show
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phases of the nursing process that directly involve the community as client   show
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Steps to assessing community health   show
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show Risk of [specific problem or health risk] Among [specific community client] Related to [characteristics of the community including motivation, knowledge, and skills of the community and its environment].  
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show Community awareness of problem; Community motivation to resolve or manage; Nurse’s ability to influence solution; Availability of expertise to solve problem; Severity of outcomes if the problem is unresolved; Speed with which the problem can be solved  
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How to prioritize community health problems   show
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How to prioritize community health intervention activities   show
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aggregate   show
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show planning tool developed for local health officials to assess the organization and mgmt of the health dept, provide framework for assessing the health status of the community, and establish the leadership role of the health dept in the community.  
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change agent   show
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show the nurse whose role is to act as an enabler-catalyst, teacher of problem-solving skills, and activist advocate with the client to create a positive outcome on the client's behalf.  
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community   show
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show an assessment guide model that illustrates how communities change and grow best by full involvement and self-empowerment. It presents an assessment wheel with people in the center and 8 subsystems that affect and are affected by people surrounding them.  
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show process of critically thinking about the community and getting to know and understand the community as a client. Assessments help identify community needs, clarify problems, and identify strengths and resources.  
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show process whereby the parts of a community—organizations, groups, and advocates—are able to collaborate effectively in identifying the problems and needs of the community, can achieve a working consensus on goals, and collaborate effectively  
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community health   show
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show actual or potential difficulties within a target population with identifiable causes and consequences in the environment.  
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show resources available to meet a community health need.  
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community partnership   show
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community reconnaissance   show
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show controlling the disclosure of personal information and limiting the access of others to sensitive information.  
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show the process of acquiring existing information or developing new information.  
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data gathering   show
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show the development of data, frequently qualitative rather than numerical, by the data collector.  
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database   show
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show individuals and/or groups with cosmopolitan rather than local orientations, with abilities to adopt new ideas from mass media rather than face-to-face information sources, and with specialized rather than global interests.  
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show helping people acquire the skills and information necessary for informed decision making and ensuring that they have the authority to make decisions that affect them.  
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show determining whether a service is needed and can be used when conducted as planned, and whether the service actually helps people in need.  
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show the end or terminal point toward which intervention efforts are directed.  
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implementation   show
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show directed conversation with selected members of a community about community members or groups and events. A direct method of assessment.  
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show a cluster of individuals who are linked by personal relationships. The links may be either primary, such as in family, or secondary, such as in a voluntary association.  
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interdependent   show
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intervention activities   show
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show individuals and/or groups who are the last to embrace change.  
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lay advisors   show
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mass media   show
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show act both to support and to prevent change efforts at the community and individual levels.  
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show facilitated by public health leaders, this framework helps communities apply strategic thinking to prioritize public health issues and identify resources to address them.  
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nominal groups   show
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show a precise behavioral statement of achievement that will accomplish partial or total realization of a goal. The date by which the achievement is expected is specified.  
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show conscious and systematic sharing in the life activities and occasionally in the interests and effects of a group of persons; observational methods of assessment; a direct method of data collection.  
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partnership   show
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Planned Approach to Community Health (PATCH)   show
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show a clinical approach in which the nurse and community join in partnership and work together for healthful change.  
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show likelihood that an intervention activity can be implemented.  
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problem analysis   show
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show contributing factors to a problem.  
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problem prioritizing   show
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program planning model   show
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show two or more persons deciding together which tasks, activities, or responsibilities each will accept in a defined situation.  
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secondary analysis   show
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show method of assessment in which data from a sample of persons are reported to the data collector.  
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show the client to be served by the nurse, such as individual, family, group, community, or population. May also be called unit of service.  
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typologies   show
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show belief about how one should or should not behave. Beliefs about the worth or importance of what is right or esteemed. Values are organized into value systems, and individual value systems reflect culture, reference groups, and personal needs.  
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windshield surveys   show
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show act that amended the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act with provisions for a broader community-level involvement and public health mission to address the effects of hazardous waste sites on people.  
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I PREPARE model   show
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show burning of fossil fuels to power automobiles and buses and to generate electricity  
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show follow the nursing process and note the environmental aspects of the problem in every step of the nursing process (e.g., in goal setting, should include outcome measures that relate to mitigation and elimination of the environmental factors)  
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show childhood leukemia (from prenatal exposure)  
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show premature births, learning disabilities, HTN  
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influence of legislative and regulatory policies on the effect of environment on health   show
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agent   show
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bioaccumulated   show
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show the testing of human fluids and tissues for the presence of potentially toxic chemicals.  
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climate change   show
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show refers to the processes for ensuring that permit/standard requirements are met.  
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consumer confidence report   show
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show a concept that may include dynamic factors such as air, water, soil, and food, as well as temperature, humidity, and wind.  
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show a concept also known as environmental equality, in which many poor communities are striving to improve the unequal burden of environmental risks.  
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show principles that describe a permitted level of emissions, a maximum contaminant level (MCL), an action level for environmental clean-up, or a risk-based calculation; environmental standards are required to address health risks.  
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epidemiologic triangle   show
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epidemiology   show
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show new biological study that focuses on the effects of changes to the DNA from chemical exposures that can change gene expression, which in turn can predict disease.  
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geographic information systems (GIS)   show
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show an increase in the earth's average atmospheric temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate and that may result from the greenhouse effect.  
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show a community with people of multiple ages, genders, ethnicities, cultures, and disease states.  
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indoor air quality   show
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Industrial Hygiene Hierarchy of Controls   show
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methylmercury   show
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show inspecting or checking carefully to make sure environmental standards are upheld.  
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non–point sources   show
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show a legally binding document.  
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permitting   show
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persistent bioaccumulative toxins (PBTs)   show
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show synthetic chemicals that contaminate the environment and do not break down in air, water, or soil, or in the plant, animal, and human bodies to which they may be passed.  
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point sources   show
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show basic tenet on which to guide the American Nurses Association's environmental advocacy work.  
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right to know   show
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show a process to determine the probability of a health threat associated with an exposure.  
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risk communication   show
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risk management   show
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route of exposure   show
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toxicants   show
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show the basic science applied to understanding the health effects associated with chemical exposures.  
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show variation inherent in the train being measured; observer variation; and inconsistency in the instrument and the stability of the instrument over time  
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validity of a screening test is measured by   show
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show sources of data; rate adjustment; and comparison groups  
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show Incidence or prevalence measures in groups that differ in some important characteristic must be compared to gain clues about which factors influence the distribution of disease (i.e., disease determinants or risk factors).  
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show John Snow  
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show conducted one the most famous studies using a comparison group, the pivotal mid-nineteenth century investigation of cholera  
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show Bias is a systematic error resulting from study design, study execution, or confounding  
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show Bias resulting from the relationship of the outcome and the study factor with some third factor not accounted for in the study design  
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agent   show
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analytic epidemiology   show
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attack rate   show
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show a systematic deviation of observed values from the true value.  
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case-control design   show
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case-control study   show
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show the proportion of persons diagnosed with a particular disorder (i.e., cases) that die within a specified period of time.  
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show an epidemiological study in which subjects without an outcome of interest are classified according to past or present (or future) exposures or characteristics and followed over time to observe and compare the rates of some health outcome  
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cross-sectional study   show
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cumulative incidence rate   show
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descriptive epidemiology   show
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show factors that influence the risk for or distribution of health outcomes.  
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show the pattern of a health outcome in a population; the frequencies of the outcome according to various personal characteristics, geographic regions, and time.  
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ecologic fallacy   show
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ecologic model   show
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show a model that looks toward many factors or combinations and levels of factors contributing to disease, such as the complex set of factors that cause cardiovascular disease.  
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show an epidemiologic study in which only aggregate or group data, such as population rates, are used rather than data on individuals.  
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environment   show
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epidemic   show
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epidemiologic triangle   show
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show study of the distribution of disease, or other health-related states and events in human populations, as related to age, sex, occupation, ethnicity, and economic status in order to identify and alleviate health problems and promote better health.  
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show a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.  
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show clinical, absence of disease; role-performance, ability to satisfactorily perform one's social roles; adaptive, flexible adaptation to the environment; & eudaemonistic, self-actualization & the attainment of one's greatest human potential  
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host   show
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show the proportion of the population at risk who experience the event over some period of time.  
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show the frequency or rate of new cases of an outcome in a population; provides an estimate of the risk of disease in that population over the period of observation.  
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levels of prevention   show
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show key epidemiological indicators of interest to nurses. Mortality rates are informative only for fatal diseases and do not provide direct information about either the level of existing disease in the population or the risk of getting any particular disease.  
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show the course of a disease process from onset to resolution without intervention by humans.  
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negative predictive value   show
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point epidemic   show
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show a form of epidemiology in which laypeople gather scientific data as well as mobilize knowledge and resources of experts to understand the occurrence and distribution of a disease or injury.  
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show the proportion of persons with a positive screening or diagnostic test who do have the disease (the proportion of "true positives" among all who test positive).  
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show a measure of existing disease in a population at a particular time (i.e., the number of existing cases divided by the current population).  
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proportion   show
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proportionate mortality ratio (PMR)   show
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rate   show
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reliability   show
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show the probability of some event or outcome within a specified period of time.  
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show identifies individuals with unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease conditions in populations.  
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show long-term patterns of morbidity or mortality (i.e., over years or decades).  
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show the proportion of persons who actually have a disease who will have a positive screening or diagnostic test; or the probability that a person with a disease will be correctly classified by the test.  
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social epidemiology   show
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show the proportion of persons who do not have a disease and who will have a negative screening or diagnostic test, or the probability that a person without disease will be correctly classified by the test.  
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surveillance   show
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show the accuracy of a test or measurement; how closely it measures what it claims to measure. In a screening test, validity is assessed in terms of the probability of correctly classifying an individual with regard to the disease or outcome of interest  
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web of causality   show
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show a broad public health activity needed to ensure a strong, flexible, accountable public health structure. It may require a multidisciplinary team to carry out.  
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Public Health Nurse Role   show
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State Role   show
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show In the early 1900s, school nurses screened children for infectious diseases. By 2005, school nurses provided direct care, health education, counseling, case management, and community outreach.  
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show health promotion and education to prevent childhood injuries and substance abuse.  
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School nursing secondary prevention   show
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show caring for children with long-term health needs, including asthma and disabling conditions.  
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show catheterizations, suctioning, gastrostomy feedings, and others  
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Latest trends in substance abuse   show
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show asthma  
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Future of school nursing   show
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The CDC funded federal school health program provides for   show
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National Association of School Nurses (NASN) and standards of practice for school nurses principles   show
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show nurses with advanced education who are prepared to manage and deliver health care services; includes clinical nurse specialists, nurse practitioners, nurse- midwives, nurse anesthetists, and others.  
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show professional organization for pediatricians that sets policy statements for child health.  
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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)   show
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case manager   show
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show the United States agency designated to investigate the nation's health.  
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Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004   show
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community outreach   show
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consultant   show
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counselor   show
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crisis team   show
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direct caregiver   show
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show physician's order that prohibits medical intervention when client is dying.  
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emergency plan   show
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show a role of a nurse providing teaching on health topics.  
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show federal law requiring confidentiality and privacy concerning health care records.  
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individualized education plans (IEPs)   show
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show plans to decide health needs of disabled children in school.  
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National Association of School Nurses (NASN)   show
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No Child Left Behind Act of 2001   show
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show federal law requiring services for persons with handicaps.  
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PL 94-142 Education for All Handicapped Children Act   show
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PL 105-17 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)   show
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primary prevention   show
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researchers   show
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Safe Kids Campaign   show
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show federal program providing health care, dental care, and mental health care to children and families in schools.  
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School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006 (SHPPS 2006)   show
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school-linked program   show
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secondary prevention   show
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show procedures to prevent exposure to bloodborne diseases.  
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show continued long-term health care.  
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show the occupational health nurse, occupational medicine physician, industrial hygienist, and safety specialist  
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show Increase in the numbers of people with chronic illness, women, and older workers, and increase in racial diversity  
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show age, sex, health status, work practices, ethnicity, and lifestyle factors  
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show exposure to biological, chemical, enviromechanical, physical, and psychosocial agents.  
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Biological agents   show
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show those that can potentially cause injury or illness in the workplace (e,g., repetitive motions, poor or unsafe workstation-worker fit, slippery floors, cluttered work areas, and lifting heavy loads)  
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show those that produce adverse health effects through the transfer of physical energy (e.g., temperature extremes, vibration, noise, laser, radiation, and electricity)  
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show conditions that create a threat to the psychological and/or social well-being of individuals and groups (e.g., stress, burnout)  
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Control strategies to reduce workplace exposure   show
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agents   show
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show known as the "right-to-know" law. This was developed because the working environments cannot eliminate all potentially toxic agents; therefore an important line of defense is an educated workforce.  
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show a living organism, human or animal, in which an infectious agent can exist under natural conditions.  
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show established by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and is part of the CDC. It is the main US federal agency responsible for conducting research into occupational safety and health matters.  
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show established by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and is part of the CDC. It was created to develop and enforce workplace safety and health standards and regulations that regulate workers' exposure to potentially toxic substances.  
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show a partnership program to stimulate research and improve workplace practices.  
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show the specialty practice that focuses on the promotion, prevention, and restoration of health within the context of a safe and healthy environment. It includes the prevention of adverse health effects from occupational and environmental hazards.  
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show dangerous processes or materials within a work environment that result in harm to an employee.  
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show data a nurse may collect about a client's workplace, recognizing the possible relationship between health and occupational factors.  
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work-health interactions   show
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workers' compensation   show
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worksite walk-through   show
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Focus of faith community nursing   show
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Evolution of faith community nursing   show
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show health counseling and teaching for individuals and groups, facilitating linkages and referrals to congregation and community resources, advocating and encouraging support resources, and providing spiritual care.  
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congregants   show
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show an individual community of faith where the nurse is accountable to the congregation and its governing body.  
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show congregational communities that gather in churches, cathedrals, synagogues, or mosques and acknowledge faith traditions.  
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faith community nurse   show
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show facilitate different arrangements with several faith communities of varying backgrounds (Hickman, 2006; Zurell and Solari-Twadell, 2006).  
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show as adopted by the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the Health Ministries' Association (HMA), defines nursing practice with an intentional focus on spiritual care as central to promoting "wholistic" health and prevention of illness.  
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show strengthening the inner spirit and choosing healthy lifestyles so that families and individuals can face life's circumstances.  
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health cabinet   show
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show activities and programs in faith communities organized around health and healing foci to promote wholeness in health through life.  
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holistic care   show
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holistic health center   show
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show a nurse who is in a larger partnership. The nurse's contract would be with hospitals, medical centers, long term care facilities, or educational institutions.  
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show nurse who responds to health and wellness needs within the context of populations of faith communities and is a partner with the church in fulfilling the mission of health ministry.  
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show a nursing service provided by a church as a community outreach to its parishioners, usually focused on primary prevention.  
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show represents various aspects of the life of the congregational community and works closely with the congregational model or the institutional model.  
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show the form or constitution of an organized unit.  
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wellness committee   show
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Federal public health agencies responsibilities   show
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show monitoring health status and enforcing laws and regulations that protect and improve the public's health. They receive funding from federal agencies to implement public health initiatives.  
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show implementing and enforcing local public health codes and ordinances and providing essential public health services to the community.  
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Public health nurse roles   show
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Case management   show
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core public health competencies 8 domains   show
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show population-based; "greatest good for the greatest number"; clients as equal partners; primary prevention; strategies that create healthy conditions; obligation to reach out to all who might benefit; optimal use of available resources; and collaboration  
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show person responsible for all aspects of an emergency response, including quickly developing incident objectives, managing all incident operations, application of resources, as well as responsibility for all persons involved.  
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local public health agencies   show
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partnership   show
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show organized community efforts designed to prevent disease and promote health.  
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The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) in 2009   show
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show identifying genetic risk factors, providing nursing interventions, making referrals, and providing health promotion education; APNs can provide/refer to genetic counseling and act as case manager for person with/at risk for a genetic disease  
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show collection and use of health histories, learning and applying innovative biotechnologies, prevention and health education roles, and administration of new therapies  
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overarching themes conceptualized in the vision for the Human Genome Project   show
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show family hx of multiple family members; onset at an early age; occurs in the gender that is least expected to have it; absence of known risk factors; ethnic predisposition to certain genetic disorders; and a close biological relationship between parents.  
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DNA   show
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family health history   show
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show the DNA segments that carry the genetic information.  
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genetic susceptibility   show
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show the study of the function and effect of single genes that are inherited by children from their parents.  
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genome   show
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show refers to the study of individual genes in order to understand the structure of the genome, including the mapping of genes and sequencing the DNA.  
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Human Genome Project   show
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multifactorial disease   show
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Mutation   show
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show cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.  
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principles associated with community health education   show
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Principles that guide the effective educator   show
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show population considerations, barriers to learning, and technological issues  
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learner-related barriers   show
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show identifying educational needs, establishing educational goals and objectives, selecting appropriate educational methods, implementing the educational plan, and evaluating the educational process and product  
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show an arena of learning that includes changes in attitudes and the development of values. For affective learning, nurses consider and attempt to influence what individuals, families, communities, and populations feel, think, and value.  
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show the art and science of teaching adults and individuals with some health-related knowledge about a topic.  
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show a domain of learning that includes memory, recognition, understanding, reasoning, application, and problem solving and is divided into a hierarchical classification of behaviors.  
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cohesion   show
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conflict   show
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democratic leadership   show
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education   show
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established groups   show
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evaluation   show
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show have a defined membership and a specific purpose.  
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group   show
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group culture   show
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show the reason that a group is formed; for example, groups may be formed in response to particular community needs, problems, or opportunities.  
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show used in planning programs in which the motivation of learners is a concern.  
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health literacy   show
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show educating various populations about areas of unintentional injury, violence, suicide, tobacco use and addiction, alcohol or other drug use, unintended pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, and STD infection, unhealthy dietary patterns, and inadequate physical activity  
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informal groups   show
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show this consists of behaviors that guide or direct members and determine and influence group action.  
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show this emphasizes the recipient of knowledge and skills and results in behavioral changes; it is considered to be the process of gaining knowledge and expertise.  
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long-term evaluation   show
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show these serve to help members stay with the group and feel accepted and include the ability to help people resolve conflicts and ensure social and environmental comfort.  
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maintenance norms   show
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show each member influences and is in turn influenced by every other member to some extent.  
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motivation   show
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National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL)   show
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norms   show
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patriarchal leadership   show
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show this is a term for learning strategies for children and individuals with little knowledge about a health-related topic.  
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Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM)   show
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show examines the dynamic components of the educational program. It follows and assesses the movements and management of information transfer and attempts to make sure that the objectives are being met.  
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show this is an area of learning that includes the performance of skills that require some degree of neuromuscular coordination and emphasizes motor skills.  
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show individuals look to others to reinforce or to challenge and correct their ideas of what is real. Groups serve to examine the life situations confronting individuals.  
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role structure   show
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short-term evaluation   show
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show these are things that members do to deliberately contribute to the group's purpose, such as displaying problem-solving skills, providing access to material resources, and demonstrating skills in directing.  
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show the commitment to return to the group's central goals.  
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Transtheoretical Model (TTM)   show
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