Psychology
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| What is activation-synthesis hypothesis? | show 🗑
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| What are the drug effects and actions? | show 🗑
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| What happens during the sleep cycle? | show 🗑
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| show | This begins 70-90 minutes into the sleep cycle. Changes in the psychological pattern are increased heart rate, darting eyes, and twitching. EEG resembles the waking state.
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| What is drug dependency? | show 🗑
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| show | body adapts to compensate for continued use -- increasing amounts are needed to produce the same effects
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| show | problem solving and practice responses to threats from the environment
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| What is the function of sleep? | show 🗑
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| show | drugs that affect behavior and mental processes through alterations of conscious awareness
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| show | It developed it the fifties. Different messages are presented simultaneously to each ear. Unattended message: little is remembered.
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| What is visual neglect? | show 🗑
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| show | Stage N1: Theta waves appear (light sleep)
Stage N2: Sleep spindles, K complexes
Stage N3: Delta activity (very deep sleep)
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| What are K complexes? | show 🗑
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| show | short bursts of activity
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| What are dyssomnias? | show 🗑
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| show | They increase the activity of the CNS.
Examples: caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, cocaine, MDMA (ectasy)
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| What are parasomnias? | show 🗑
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| show | Electrodes are pasted to scalp. Changes in electrical potential of brain cells are recorded in the form of line tracings. EEG's reveal regular, cyclic changes in brain activity during sleep.
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| What is consciousness? | show 🗑
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| show | They slow the activity of the central nervous system.
Examples: ethyl alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers, opiates (herione, morphine)
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| What is the function of REM and dreaming? | show 🗑
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| show | the internal processes used to set priorities for mental functioning
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| show | They affect perception and distort the idea of reality.
Examples: LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, marijuana
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| show | Same amount of same drug may produce different effects on different people.
Factors the can influence the effect: biology, genetics, and the environment/ past experience with the drug/ user's physical or psychological state
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| show | It requires little or no focused attention. When a process is more automatic, the less likely you are to be consciously aware of it.
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| show | He was a Russian physiologist. He used dogs as research subjects in studies of digestion. He noticed that salivation often began before food placed in their mouths.
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| show | an event's removal following a response increases the future probability of that response
The response leads to the removal of some stimulus.
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| What is procedural memory? | show 🗑
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| What is episodic memory? | show 🗑
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| show | a change in behavior or potential behavior that results from experience
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| show | noticing and ignoring, learning what events signal, classical conditioning, consequences of behavior (operant conditioning), learning from others (observational learning)
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| show | An event's presentation following a response increases the future probability of that response
This usually involves an appetitive stimulus - something an organism needs, likes, or wants.
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| What is negative punishment? | show 🗑
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| show | Exact replica of an environmental message which usually lasts for a second or less
Iconic memory (vision)
Echoic memory (hearing)
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| What is the "inner eye"? | show 🗑
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| show | We tend to recode information into inner speech.
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| show | knowledge about the world, stored as facts that make little or no reference to one's personal experience
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| What is positive punishment? | show 🗑
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| What is habituation? | show 🗑
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| show | Also called "working memory"; a system we use to temporarily store, think about, or reason with information; a mental workspace
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| show | the learned response produced by the conditioned stimulus
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| show | the response that is produced automatically, prior to training or learning, on presentation of unconditioned stimulus
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| What is conditioned stimulus? | show 🗑
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| What is unconditioned stimulus? | show 🗑
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| show | mental tricks that helps people think about material in ways that improve memory
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| show | Choose a familiar pathway, then form visual images of to-be-remembered items sitting along the pathway
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| show | rules for combining sounds to make words
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| What is syntax? | show 🗑
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| show | form visual images connecting to-be-remembered items with retrieval cues ("pegs")
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| What is deep structure? | show 🗑
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| What is forgetting? | show 🗑
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| show | rich records of the circumstances surrounding emotionally significant and surprising events
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| What is surface structure? | show 🗑
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| What does Chomsky say about how sentences work? | show 🗑
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| show | He documented the forgetting function. It had to do with rapid loss followed by gradual decline and it was based on memory for nonsense syllables.
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| What is the structure of language? | show 🗑
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| What is the structure of sentences? | show 🗑
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| What is the importance of retrieval cues? | show 🗑
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| show | Thinking involves the internal manipulation of knowledge and ideas. Problems our cognitive processes help us solve: communicating with others, classifying and categorizing, solving problems, and making decisions.
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| show | the activities that underlie all forms of thought
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| show | using the same kinds of mental processes during study and testing improves memory
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| What is semantics? | show 🗑
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| show | It depends on: how it was initially encoded, whether it was encoded again later, and kinds of retrieval cues present at time of remembering.
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| show | better memory when cue matches the memory that was encoded
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| What is a category? | show 🗑
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| show | What properties about an object make it belong to a particular category? Do we form abstract category representations? Are categories organized into hierarchies?
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| What is an alternative? | show 🗑
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| What is a prototype? | show 🗑
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| show | the practical knowledge used to comprehend the intentions of a speaker and to produce an effective response
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| What did Spearman do? | show 🗑
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| show | a procedure that groups together related items on tests by analyzing correlations
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| show | knowledge and abilities acquired as a result of experience
It reflects schooling and cultural background.
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| What is fluid intelligence? | show 🗑
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| What theory was Howard Gardner's? | show 🗑
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| What is the multiple intelligence theory? | show 🗑
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| What is Sternberg's triarchic theory? | show 🗑
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| show | analytic intelligence: processing information; creative intelligence: create, invent, discover; practical intelligence: take ideas and put into everyday practice
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| What are characteristics of good intelligence tests? | show 🗑
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| show | an internal capacity that accounts for individual differences in mental test performance and enables us to adapt to ever-changing environments
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| show | conceptualizing intelligence, measuring individual differences, discovering the sources of intelligence
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| What is adaptive mind perspective? | show 🗑
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Created by:
Jess882
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