Concepts in PSYC 3150
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| Social Psychology | The scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.
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| Social Representations | A society's widely held ideas and values, including assumptions and cultural ideologies. Our social representations help us make sense of our world.
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| Hindsight Bias | The tendency to exaggerate, after learning an outcome, one's ability to have foreseen how something turned out.
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| Framing | The way a question or an issue is posed; framing can influence people's decisions and expressed opinions.
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| Mundane Realism | The degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations.
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| Experimental Realism | The degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants.
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| Demand Characteristics | Cues in an experiment that tell the participant what behavior is expected.
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| Spotlight Effect | The belief that people are paying more attention to our appearance and behaviors than they really are.
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| Illusion of Transparency | The illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be read by others.
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| Self Schema | Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information.
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| Self Concept | What we know and believe about ourselves.
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| Possible Selves | Images of what we dream of or dread coming in the future.
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| Social Comparison | Evaluating one's abilities and opinions by comparing oneself with others.
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| Planning Fallacy | The tendency to underestimate how much time will be required to complete a task.
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| Impact Bias | The tendency to overestimate the enduring impact of emotion-causing events.
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| Immune Neglect | The human tendency to underestimate the speed and the strength of the "psychological immune system" which enables emotional recovery and resilience after bad things happen.
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| Dual Attitude System | Differing implicit (automatic) and explicit (consciously controlled) attitudes toward the same object.
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| Terror Management Theory | People exhibit self-protective emotional and cognitive responses (including adhering more strongly to their cultural worldviews and prejudices) when confronted with reminders of their mortality.
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| Self-Esteem | A person's overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth
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| Individualism | The concept of giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications
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| Collectivism | Giving priority to the goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly
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| Self-Efficacy | A sense that one is competent and effective, distinguished from self-esteem, which is one's sense of self-worth. A sharpshooter in the military might feel high self-efficacy and low self-esteem.
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| Locus of Control | The extent to which people perceive outcomes as internally controllable by their own efforts or as externally controlled by chance or outside forces
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| Learned Helplessness | The sense of hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or animal perceives no control over repeated bad events
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| Self-Serving Bias | The tendency to perceive oneself favorably
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| Self-Serving Attributions | A form of the self-serving bias; the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors
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| Defensive Pessimism | The adaptive value of anticipating problems and harnessing one's anxiety to motivate effective action
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| False Consensus Effect | The tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and one's undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors
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| False Uniqueness Effect | The tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and one's desirable or successful behaviors
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| Group-Serving Bias | Explaining away outgroup members' positive behaviors; also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions (while excusing such behavior by one's own group)
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| Self-Handicapping | Protecting one's self image with behaviors that create a handy excuse for later failure
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| Self-Presentation | The act of expressing oneself and behaving in ways designed to create a favorable impression or an impression that corresponds to one's ideals
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| Self-Monitoring | Being attuned to the way one presents oneself in social situations and adjusting one's performance to create the desired impression
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