Exploring Medical Language 9th Edition
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| adenoid/o | adenoids
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| alveol | alveolus
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| bronchi/o, bronch/o | bronchus
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| diaphragmat/o, phren/o | diaphragm
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| epiglott/o | epiglottis
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| laryng/o | larynx
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| lob/o | lobe
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| nas/o, rhin/o | nose
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| pharyng/o | pharynx
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| pleur/o | pleura
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| pneum/o, pneumato/o, pneumon/o | lung, air
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| pulmon/o | lung
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| sept/o | septum (wall off, face)
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| sinus/o | sinus
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| thorac/o | thorax, chest, chest cavity
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| tonsill/o | tonsil
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| trache/o | trachea
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| atel/o | imperfect, incomplete
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| capn/o | carbon dioxide
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| hem/o, hemat/o | blood
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| muc/o | mucus
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| orth/o | straight
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| ox/i | oxygen
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| phon/o | sound, voice
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| py/o | pus
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| radi/o | x-rays, ionizing radiation
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| somn/o | sleep
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| son/o | sound
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| spir/o | breathe, breathing
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| tom/o | to cut, section, or slice
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| a-, an- | absence of, without
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| endo- | within
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| eu- | normal, good
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| poly- | many, much
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| tachy- | fast, rapid
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| -algia | pain
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| -ar, -ary, -eal | pertaining to
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| -cele | hernia or protrusion
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| -centesis | surgical puncture to aspirate fluid
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| -ectasis | stretching out, dilation, expansion
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| -emia | in the blood
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| -gram | record, radiographic image
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| -graph | instrument used to record, record
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| -graphy | process of recording, radiographic imaging
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| -meter | instrument used to measure
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| -metry | measurement
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| -pexy | surgical fixation, suspension
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| -pnea | breathing
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| -rrhagia | rapid flow of blood
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| -scope | instrument used for visual examination
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| -scopic | pertaining to visual examination
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| -scopy | visual examination
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| -spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contraction (spasmodic contraction)
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| -stenosis | constriction or narrowing
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| -stomy | creation of an artificial opening
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| -thorax | chest, chest cavity
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| -tomy | cut into, incision
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| adenoiditis | inflammation of the adenoids
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| alveolitis | inflammation of the alveoli
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| atelectasis | incomplete expansion
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| bronchiectasis | dilation of the bronchi
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| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi
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| bronchogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus (lung cancer)
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| bronchopneumonia | diseased state of the bronchi and lungs (inflammation of lungs that beings in the terminal bronchioles)
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| diaphragmatocele | hernia of the diaphragm
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| epiglottitis | inflammation of the epiglottis
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| hemothorax | blood in the chest cavity
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| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx
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| laryngotracheobronchitits (LTB) | inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi (croup)
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| lobar pneumonia | pertaining to the lobes; diseased state of the lung
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| nasopharyngitis | inflammation of the nose and pharynx
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| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx
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| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura (Pleurisy)
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| pneumatocele | hernia of the lung
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| pneumoconiosis | abnormal condidiont of dust in the lungs
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| pneumonia | diseased state of the lung (infection and inflammation caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi)
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| pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung
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| pneumothorax | air in the pleural cavity
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| pulmonary neoplasm | pertaining to the lung, new growth
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| pyothorax | pus in the pleural cavity (empyema)
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| rhinitis | inflammation of the nose
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| rhinomycosis | abnormal condition of fungus in the nose
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| rhinorrhagia | rapid flow of blood from the nose (epistaxis)
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| sinusitis | inflammation of the sinuses
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| thoracalgia | pain in the chest
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| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils
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| tacheitis | inflammation of the trachea
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| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea
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| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury. Symptoms include dyspnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis
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| asthma | respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, caused by constriction and inflammation of airways that is reversible between attacks
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| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | progressive lung disease restricting air flow. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are two main components.
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| coccidiodomycosis | fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body
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| cor pulmonale | serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as emphysema
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| croup | condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx
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| cystic fibrosis | hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucuc production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
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| deviated septum | one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum
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| emphysema | stretching of lung tissue caused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity
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| epistaxis | nosebleed (rhinorrhagia)
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| idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | chronic progressive lung disorder characterized by increasing scarring
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| influenza | highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract
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| obstructive sleep apnea | repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absence of breathing
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| pertussis | highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration, or whoop (Whooping cough)
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| pleural effusion | fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma
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| pulmonary edema | fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles, most often a manifestation of heart failure
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| pulmonary embolism | matter foreign to circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal if sufficient size and number.
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| tuberculosis | infectious bacterial disease, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles, usually affecting the lungs
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| upper respiratory infection | infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx
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| adenoidectomy | exicision of the adenoids
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| adenotome | instrument used to cut the adenoids
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| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a bronchus
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| laryngectomy | excision of the larynx
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| laryngoplasty | surgical repair of the larynx
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| laryngostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the larynx
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| laryngotracheotomy | incision of the larynx and trachea
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| lobectomy | excision of a lobe
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| pleuropexy | surgical fixation of the pleura
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| pneumonectomy | excision of a lung
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| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose
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| septoplasty | surgical repair of the nasal septum
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| sinusotomy | incision into a sinus
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| thoracocentesis | surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity (thoracentesis)
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| thoracotomy | incision into the chest cavity
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| tonsillectomy | excision of the tonsils
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| tracheoplasty | surgical repair of the trachea
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| tracheostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the trachea
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| trachotomy | incision into the trachea
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| Radiography | x-ray
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| Computed tomography (CT) | computerized radiographic images using x-rays to produce a series of sectional images
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | produces images by exposing body to high strength, computer-controlled magnetic fields.
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| Nuclear medicine (NM) | produces images by administering radioactive material to be delivered to the body part of interest. The tracer emits energy which the computer translates into two-dimensional images.
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| Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | an NM technique that yields three-dimensional computer constructed images
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| Positron emission tomography (PET) | an NM procedure where positron-emitting radioactive material is injected in the body. These positrons are picked up by a ring of detectors positioned around the body.
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| Sonography | ultrasound; process of recording sound
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| bronchoscope | instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi
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| bronchoscopy | visual examination of the bronchi
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| endoscope | instrument used for visual examination within
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| endoscopic | pertaining to visual examination within
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| endoscopy | visual examination within
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| laryngoscope | instrument used for visual examination of the larynx
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| laryngoscopy | visual examination of the larynx
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| radiograph | record of x-rays
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| radiography | process of recording x-rays
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| sonogram | record of sound
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| thoracoscope | instruments used for visual examination of the chest cavity
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| thoracoscopy | visual examination of the chest cavity
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| tomography | process of recording slices
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| capnometer | instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
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| oximeter | instrument used to measure oxygen
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| spirometer | instrument used to measure breathing
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| spirometry | a measurement of breathing
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| polysomnography | process of recording many tests during sleep
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| ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS) | NM procedure performed by inhaling a radionuclide and injecting a radionuclide into an artery followed by imaging to show how well the inhaled air is distributed
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| acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear | test performed on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which causes TB
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| sputum culture and sensitivity (C&S) | test performed on sputum to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotics it is sensitive to
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| pulmonary function tests (PFTs) | grou[ of tests performed to measure breathing capacity and used to determine external respiratotry function
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| PPD (purified protein derivative) | test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to TB.
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| acapnia | condition of absence of carbon dioxide
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| alveolar | pertaining to the alveolus
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| anoxia | condition of absence of oxygen
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| aphonia | condition of absence of voice
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| apnea | absence of breathing
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| bronchoalveolar | pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli
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| bronchospasm | spasmodic contraction of the bronchi
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| diaphragmatic | pertaining to the diaphramg
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| dysphonia | condition of difficult speaking
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| dyspnea | difficult breathing
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| endotracheal | pertaining to within the trachea
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| eupnea | normal breathing
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| hypercapnia | condition of deficient carbon dioxide
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| hypernea | excessive breathing
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| hypocapnia | condition of deficient carbon dioxide
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| hypopnea | deficient breathing
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| hypoxemia | deficient oxygen in the blood
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| hypoxia | condition of deficient oxygen
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| intrapleural | pertaining to within the pleura
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| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx
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| laryngospasm | spasmodic contraction of the larynx
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| mucoid | resembling mucus
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| mucous | pertaining to mucus
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| nasopharyngeal | pertaining to the nose and pharynx
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| orthopnea | able to breathe easier in an upright position
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| phrenalgia | pain in the diaphragm
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| pulmonary | pertaining to the lungs
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| pulmonologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung
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| pulmonology | study of the lung
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| radiologist | physician who specializes in the use of xrays, ultrasound, and magnetic fields in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
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| radiology | study of xryas
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| rhinorrhea | discharge from the nose
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| tachypnea | rapid breathing
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| thoracic | pertaining to the chest
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| asphyxia | deprivation of oxygen for tissue use; suffocation
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| aspirate | to withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract
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| bronchoconstrictor | agent causing narrowing of the bronchi
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| bronchodilator | agent causing the bronchi to widen
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| mucopurulent | containing both mucus and pus
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| nebulizer | device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment
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| nosocomial infection | an infection acquired during hospitalization
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| paroxysm | periodic, sudden attack
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| patent | open
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