Neuro Stuff
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| show | Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
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| Central Nervous System | show 🗑
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| Peripheral nervous system: | show 🗑
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| neurons | show 🗑
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| show | contains a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm
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| the axon | show 🗑
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| show | branching structures that extend from a cel body and recieve impulses.
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| between each neuron there is a gap called the _____________. Nerve impulses are transmitted through the action of a neurotransmitter. | show 🗑
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| cerebrum | show 🗑
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| show | is located at the base of the brain and contains the midbrain (responsible for motor movement and the relay of impulses, auditory and visual reflexes). Pons (sends impulses to the structures that are inferior and superior to it.)
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| show | medula oblangata which controls the heart beat rythem of breathing, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, vomiting and hiccups.
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| show | is the second largest portion of the brain. it is responsible for coordination of voluntary movement and maintenance of balance, equilibrim and muscle tone.
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| show | has two main functions: conducts impulses to an from the brain, and serves as a center for reflex actions.
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| show | comprises the motor nerves, sensory nerves, and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord. It is composed of 31 pairs of spinal nerves, and 12 pairs of cranial nerves, and the autonomic nervous system.
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| show | fluid that surrounds the brain and skull
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| show | The PNS comprises the motor nerves, sensory nerves, and ganglia outside of the brain and the spinal cord composed of 31 pairs of spinal nerfes, 12 pairs of cranial nerves and the autonomic nerveous system.
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| show | has 31 pairs. They transmit sensory information to the spinal cord through the afferent neurons and motor info from the CNS to the various areas of the body through efferent neurons.
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| Cranial nerves | show 🗑
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| show | control the activities of the smooth muscle, cardaic muscle and all glands. It maintains internal homeostasisi and has two divisions.
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| Two divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System: | show 🗑
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| show | Contorl the fight or flight response. hightened bp, hr and adrenal secretions.
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| show | Calms the body, slows the heart beat, decreases bp and adrenal hormone output.
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| Physiological changes that occur in the nervous system with aging: | show 🗑
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| show | A decrease in the velocity of nerve impulses, blood supply to the spinal cord is decreased resulting in decreased reflexes.
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| show | System for assessing the degree of conciousness, or impairment in the criticall ill and for predicting the duration + outcome of coma, particulary w/ head injury.
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| What are the three parts of the Glascow Coma Scale? | show 🗑
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| Assess History: | show 🗑
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| show | orientation, mood, behavior, general knowledge, short and long term memory, attention span, ability to concerntrate and a change in LOC.
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| Assess Language and Speech: | show 🗑
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| Assess Motor Functions: | show 🗑
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| Assess Cranial __________. | show 🗑
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| show | avoid durgs and ETOH, save use of cars, safe swimming practices, safte storage of firearms, use hard hats w/ construction, safe sex, and protective equip w/ sports.
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| 5 S/S of ICP: | show 🗑
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| show | elivate HOB 30-45 degrees to promote venous return, place neck in neutral positon, avoid flexion of hip as well as head, restrict fluids, avoid vaslavas manuever, insert foley, admin o2 via mask or cannula, and increase body temp.
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| show | loss of conciousness and falling to floor. signs: aura, cry, loss of conciousness, fall, tonic clonic movements, incontinennce, cyanosis, excessive salvation, tongue or cheek biting. posticatal peroid: need 1-2hr for sleep after.
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| show | usually occurs during childhood and decreases with age. Sudden LOC w/ little or no tonic clonic movement, occurs without warning, and appears a few hours after arising or when pt is quiet. Signs: vacant facial expression w/ eyes focused straight ahead.
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| Psychomotor (austomatisms) seizure: | show 🗑
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| Jacksonian Focal (local or partial): | show 🗑
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| show | osmotic duauretics, and steriods such as decadron and also phenabarbatual
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| show | pain that is unbearable and does not respond to treatment.
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| non-surgical methods of neuro pain control | show 🗑
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| show | tremmors, rigidity, and bradykenesia
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| Parkinson's Disease | show 🗑
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| Parkinson's Can Result In: | show 🗑
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| Alterations With Parkinson's Include: | show 🗑
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| show | the ability to discern the position of the body and its parts without directly looking at them.
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| agnosia | show 🗑
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| show | Is an MRI, because they can see the lesions on the spinal cord.
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| Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | show 🗑
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| Multiple Sclerosis Cont: | show 🗑
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| Alzheimer's Disease | show 🗑
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| show | bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, imbalance, altered VS with changes in positon.
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| Assessments Of Alzheimer's Disease: | show 🗑
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| RPR Test For Sphylisys R/T Alzheimer's: | show 🗑
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| show | are pallative. safety: alarms on doors etc, respite for care givers, megace to increase appetiete, and Aricept or Nemendia to try and slow the process.
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| show | neuromuscular disease characterized by marked weakness and abnormal fatigue of the voluntary muscles often first seen in eye function. There is a defect in the transmission of nerve impulses at the myoneural junction. thought to be autoimmune.
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| Questionable Causes Of Myasthenia Gravis Include: | show 🗑
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| show | attentiveness, long term memory loss, lack of hygiene, inability to recognize the familiar, ultimately unable to communicate or proform voluntary motor functions.
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| diagnostic tests for Myasthenia Gravis: | show 🗑
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| show | No known tx. Education and supportive care, slow calm manner, responds more readily to tone of voice and gestures than to conversation.
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| S/S Of Myasthenia Gravis: | show 🗑
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| show | a disruption of the nerve signal to the receptors on the muscle endplates, d/t antibody attack on ACh receptor sites. The Tyumus is heavily implicaited.
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| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, AKA Lou Gehrig's disease: | show 🗑
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| Death ususally occurs within ______ years of onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, aka lou gerig's disease. | show 🗑
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| People are usually dx with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, AKA Lou Gehrig's disease in their ____________. | show 🗑
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| Amyotrophic lateral Sclerosis, AKA Lou Gehrig's disease is 3x more like to effect _________ than ____________. | show 🗑
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| Onset S/S of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: | show 🗑
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| show | an acute exacerbation of disease caused by inadequate amount of meds, infection fatigue or stress.
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| show | increase anticholinesterase medications.
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| A Myasthenic Crisis can occur when a patient is __________________________. | show 🗑
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| show | Caused by overmedication with anticholinesterase. Treatment: hold medication and give atropine if ordered.
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| show | Used to diagnose MG and to differentite between myasthenic crisis and cholinergic crisis.
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| show | Genetically transmitted and it affects both men and women. Involves basal ganglia and the extrapyramidal motor system. Onset 35-40y, and is genetically transmitted.
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| charastics of huntington's disease: | show 🗑
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| Bell's Palsy (facial paralysis) | show 🗑
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| show | protect the eyes. Eyes can be excessively dry or teary. tinnitus can happen.
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| Trigeminal Neuralgia | show 🗑
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| Guillian-Barre Syndrome (polyneuritis) | show 🗑
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| Guillian-Barre S/S | show 🗑
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| show | Breathing Problems.
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| kernig's sign | show 🗑
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| show | flexin of the hip and kknee when neck is flexed
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| meningitis | show 🗑
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| causes of mengitis | show 🗑
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| predisposing Factors To Meningitis | show 🗑
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| assessment of meningitis | show 🗑
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| show | diagnosed by lumbar puncture where the CSF is analized for organisms.
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| Treatment of meningitis | show 🗑
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| agnosia | show 🗑
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| show | difficulty writing
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| show | slurred speech
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| nuchal | show 🗑
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| diplopia | show 🗑
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| nystagmus | show 🗑
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| show | visual field cut (see only 1/2)
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| homonymous hemianopsia | show 🗑
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| show | difficulty swallowing
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| show | impared ability to coordinate movement
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| agnosia | show 🗑
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| show | a localized dialation of the wall fo a blood vessle
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| show | an abnormal condition in which lang function is deffective or absent becasue of injury ot certian areas of the cerebral cortex
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| show | impairment of the ability to preform purposful acts or to use objects properly
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| ataxia | show 🗑
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| show | sensation of light or warmth that may precede the onset of a migrane or seizure.
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| bradykinesia | show 🗑
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| show | double vision
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| dysarthia | show 🗑
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| dysphagia | show 🗑
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| flaccid | show 🗑
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| hemianopia | show 🗑
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| show | neurologic condition characterised by increased reflexes and reactions.
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| nystagmus | show 🗑
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| paresis | show 🗑
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| show | a rest peroid of variable length after a seizure.
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| to feed someone with a stroke or brain injury it can be better to have them ________________ while eating. | show 🗑
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| show | Brudateinski's Test.
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