Substances Vocab
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| Drug | A substance other than food, that changes the structure or function of the body.
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| Medicine | the science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease (in technical use often taken to exclude surgery).
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| Addiction | the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity.
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| Withdrawal | is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
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| Tolerance | is a pharmacology concept where a subject's reaction to a specific drug and concentration of the drug is reduced followed repeated use, requiring an increase in concentration to achieve the desired effect.
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| Synergistic | the effect of two chemicals taken together is greater than the sum of their separate effect at the same doses.
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| Antagonistic | when the sum of the effect is more than the two.
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| Drug use | The recurrent use of illegal drugs, or the misuse of prescription or over-the-counter drugs with negative consequences.
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| Drug misuse | refers to the use of a drug for purposes for which it was not intended or using a drug in excessive quantities.
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| Drug Abuse | the habitual taking of addictive or illegal drugs.
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| prescription drug | A drug that can be obtained only with a written order from a doctor and be purchased only from a pharmacy
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| OTC Drugs | drugs that are safe and effective for use by the general public without seeking treatment by a health professional.
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| Stimulants | A type of drug that increases the activity of the nervous system
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| Depressants | A drug that slows brain and body reactions.
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| Hallucinogens | A drug that distorts perception, thought, and mood.
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| Club drugs | Drugs that first gained popularity at clubs and dance raves.
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| Inhalants | A breathable chemical vapor that produces mind altering effects.
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| Steroids | One of a large group of chemical substances classified by a specific carbon structure.
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| Marijuana | A drug made from the leaves,stems,and flowering tops of the hemp plants.
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| gateway drug | a habit-forming drug that, while not itself addictive, may lead to the use of other addictive drugs.
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| Zero tolerance law | The term is used in the context of driving under the influence of alcohol, referring to a lower illegal blood alcohol content for drivers under the age of 21.
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| reverse tolerance | the phenomenon of a reversal of the side-effects from a drug, the reduction of insensitivity caused after drug tolerance has been established.
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| intoxication | the state of being intoxicated, especially by alcohol.
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| BAC/BAL % in Illinois | .08%
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| fetal drinking syndrome | a condition in a child that results from alcohol exposure during the mother's pregnancy.
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| FDA | Food and Drug Administration. A federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
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| Tar | a dark, thick, flammable liquid distilled from wood or coal, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, resins, alcohols, and other compounds. It is used in roadmaking and for coating and preserving timber.
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| Nicotine | a toxic colorless or yellowish oily liquid that is the chief active constituent of tobacco. It acts as a stimulant in small doses, but in larger amounts blocks the action of autonomic nerve and skeletal muscle cells.
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| Carbon monoxide | a colorless, odorless toxic flammable gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon.
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| Second hand smoker | smoke inhaled involuntarily from tobacco being smoked by others.
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| Side stream smoke | smoke that passes from a cigarette into the surrounding air, rather than into the smoker's lungs.
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| Mainstream smoke | The smoke exhaled by a smoker.
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| Emphysema | a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
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| Bronchitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane in the bronchial tubes. It typically causes bronchospasm and coughing.
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| Cirrhosis | a chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue. It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis.
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