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Unfinished (Missing C)

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Term
Definition
Phrenology   show
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show Founder of phrenology  
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show Study of links betw. biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes. Some are known as "behavioural neuroscientists", "neuropsychologists", "behaviors geneticists", "physiological psychologists" or "biopsychologists".  
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show Basic building block of the nervous system; Specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses. Electrical signals travel from dendrites > to cell body > to axon  
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Dendrite   show
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show Extension of a neuron carrying messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Longest part of the cell body.  
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show Fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing axons of neurons. Enables speed as neural impulses hop from one sausage-like node to the next  
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show Degeneration of the myelin sheath causing multiple sclerosis  
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Action Potential   show
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show Movement of positively charge ions across the neuron membrane. Travels in one direction (toward axon terminal)  
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show Minimal level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse  
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show Neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full strength response) or not firing. Characteristic of the initiation of neural impulses. Increased excitatory signals do not affect intensity  
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Selective Permeability   show
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Refractory Period   show
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Neurotransmitter   show
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show Absorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by a sending neuron  
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show Junction between the axon tip of a sending neuron and the dendrite/cell body of the receiving neuron. Gap is known as synaptic gap/cleft  
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show Muscle movement, attention, arousal, memory, emotion  
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Dopamine   show
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Seratonin   show
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show Pain relief, pleasure  
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Norepinephrine (hormone functioning as a neurotransmitter)   show
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GABA   show
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Glutamate   show
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Agonists   show
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Antagonists   show
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show Electrochemical information system + communication network. Consists of nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems.  
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show Bundled axons forming neural "cables" connection nervous system + muscles, glands, and sense organs.  
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Central Nervous System (CNS)   show
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show Sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body  
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Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)   show
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show Part of the PNS; controlling the body's skeletal muscles (skeletal nervous system)  
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Sympathetic Nervous System   show
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show part of the ANS; calming the body, conserving energy.  
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Sensory Neuron (Afferent)   show
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show part of SoNS; neurons carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands  
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show Neuron transmitting impulses betw. other neurons esp. as part of a reflex arc. Located exclusively withing brain and spinal cord  
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show Simple, automatic, inborn response to sensory stimulus (e.g. knee-jerk response) Enable us to respond to stimuli before it does harm  
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Neural Networks   show
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show Body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands secreting hormones into the bloodstream  
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Hormones   show
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show Endocrine system "master" gland. Influenced by the hypothalamus. Regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands  
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show Tissue destruction; naturally or experimentally caused.  
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Electroencephalogram (EEG)   show
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show Series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by a computer to represent a slice of the brain's structure  
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MRI   show
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PET   show
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show Used to study brain anatomy. Measures glucose levels.  
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show Revealing blood flow and brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans. Studies brain structure and function. Measures oxygen levels in the brain.  
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Brainstem   show
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show Base of the brainstem controlling heartbeat and breathing  
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show Above medulla; Helps coordinate movements  
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show Nerve network travelling through the brainstem and thalamus. Plays a role in controlling arousal.  
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Thalamus   show
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Cerebellum   show
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show Below the cerebral hemispheres; Invol. several areas near the edge of the cortex. Concerned w/ instinct and mood. Controls basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring)  
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show Processes memory of new information and recent events  
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Amygdala   show
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show Neural structure below the thalamus. Directs maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp). Governs endocrine system via pituitary gland + linked to emotion and reward.  
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Cerebrum   show
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Cerebral Cortex   show
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Gilal Cells   show
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Front Lobes   show
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Parietal Lobes   show
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Temporal Lobes   show
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Occipital Lobes   show
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show Areas not involved in primary motor or sensory functions. Involved in higher mental functions (learning, remembering, thinking and speaking)  
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show Area at the rear of the frontal lobes controlling voluntary movement.  
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Somatosensory Cortex   show
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show Pictorial representation of primary motor cortex and primary somatosensory cortex divisions  
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show Man with an injured frontal lobe.  
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Broca's Area   show
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show Brain area involved in reading aloud  
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Wernicke's Area   show
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show Language impairment caused by damage to the left hemisphere in Broca's area (speech) or Wernicke's area (understanding).  
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Plasticity   show
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show Process by which neurons are generated. Neurons are formed in the brain, and are stimulated by neurogenesis.  
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Lateralization   show
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show Band of neural fibers connection brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them  
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show Responsible for logic, analysis, sequencing, linear, mathematics, language, facts, thinking in works, words of songs, and computation. (MATH, LOGIC, SCIENCE, LANGUAGE)  
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show Responsible for creativity, imagination, holistic thinking, intuition, arts (motor skill), rhythm (beats), non-verbal, feelings, visualization, song tune, daydreaming. (ART, NON-VERBAL, EMOTIONS)  
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show Condition resulting from a cut corpus callosum. Used to reduce epileptic seizures  
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Consciousness   show
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Dual Processing   show
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Adrenal Glands   show
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