Unfinished (Missing C)
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Phrenology | show 🗑
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show | Founder of phrenology
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show | Study of links betw. biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes.
Some are known as "behavioural neuroscientists", "neuropsychologists", "behaviors geneticists", "physiological psychologists" or "biopsychologists".
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show | Basic building block of the nervous system; Specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses. Electrical signals travel from dendrites > to cell body > to axon
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Dendrite | show 🗑
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show | Extension of a neuron carrying messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Longest part of the cell body.
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show | Fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing axons of neurons. Enables speed as neural impulses hop from one sausage-like node to the next
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show | Degeneration of the myelin sheath causing multiple sclerosis
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Action Potential | show 🗑
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show | Movement of positively charge ions across the neuron membrane. Travels in one direction (toward axon terminal)
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show | Minimal level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
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show | Neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full strength response) or not firing. Characteristic of the initiation of neural impulses. Increased excitatory signals do not affect intensity
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Selective Permeability | show 🗑
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Refractory Period | show 🗑
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Neurotransmitter | show 🗑
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show | Absorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by a sending neuron
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show | Junction between the axon tip of a sending neuron and the dendrite/cell body of the receiving neuron. Gap is known as synaptic gap/cleft
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show | Muscle movement, attention, arousal, memory, emotion
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Dopamine | show 🗑
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Seratonin | show 🗑
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show | Pain relief, pleasure
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Norepinephrine (hormone functioning as a neurotransmitter) | show 🗑
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GABA | show 🗑
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Glutamate | show 🗑
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Agonists | show 🗑
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Antagonists | show 🗑
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show | Electrochemical information system + communication network. Consists of nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
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show | Bundled axons forming neural "cables" connection nervous system + muscles, glands, and sense organs.
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Central Nervous System (CNS) | show 🗑
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show | Sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
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Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) | show 🗑
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show | Part of the PNS; controlling the body's skeletal muscles (skeletal nervous system)
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Sympathetic Nervous System | show 🗑
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show | part of the ANS; calming the body, conserving energy.
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Sensory Neuron (Afferent) | show 🗑
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show | part of SoNS; neurons carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
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show | Neuron transmitting impulses betw. other neurons esp. as part of a reflex arc. Located exclusively withing brain and spinal cord
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show | Simple, automatic, inborn response to sensory stimulus (e.g. knee-jerk response) Enable us to respond to stimuli before it does harm
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Neural Networks | show 🗑
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show | Body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands secreting hormones into the bloodstream
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Hormones | show 🗑
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show | Endocrine system "master" gland. Influenced by the hypothalamus. Regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands
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show | Tissue destruction; naturally or experimentally caused.
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Electroencephalogram (EEG) | show 🗑
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show | Series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by a computer to represent a slice of the brain's structure
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MRI | show 🗑
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PET | show 🗑
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show | Used to study brain anatomy. Measures glucose levels.
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show | Revealing blood flow and brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans. Studies brain structure and function. Measures oxygen levels in the brain.
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Brainstem | show 🗑
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show | Base of the brainstem controlling heartbeat and breathing
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show | Above medulla; Helps coordinate movements
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show | Nerve network travelling through the brainstem and thalamus. Plays a role in controlling arousal.
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Thalamus | show 🗑
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Cerebellum | show 🗑
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show | Below the cerebral hemispheres; Invol. several areas near the edge of the cortex. Concerned w/ instinct and mood. Controls basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring)
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show | Processes memory of new information and recent events
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Amygdala | show 🗑
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show | Neural structure below the thalamus. Directs maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp). Governs endocrine system via pituitary gland + linked to emotion and reward.
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Cerebrum | show 🗑
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Cerebral Cortex | show 🗑
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Gilal Cells | show 🗑
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Front Lobes | show 🗑
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Parietal Lobes | show 🗑
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Temporal Lobes | show 🗑
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Occipital Lobes | show 🗑
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show | Areas not involved in primary motor or sensory functions. Involved in higher mental functions (learning, remembering, thinking and speaking)
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show | Area at the rear of the frontal lobes controlling voluntary movement.
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Somatosensory Cortex | show 🗑
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show | Pictorial representation of primary motor cortex and primary somatosensory cortex divisions
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show | Man with an injured frontal lobe.
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Broca's Area | show 🗑
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show | Brain area involved in reading aloud
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Wernicke's Area | show 🗑
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show | Language impairment caused by damage to the left hemisphere in Broca's area (speech) or Wernicke's area (understanding).
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Plasticity | show 🗑
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show | Process by which neurons are generated. Neurons are formed in the brain, and are stimulated by neurogenesis.
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Lateralization | show 🗑
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show | Band of neural fibers connection brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them
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show | Responsible for logic, analysis, sequencing, linear, mathematics, language, facts, thinking in works, words of songs, and computation.
(MATH, LOGIC, SCIENCE, LANGUAGE)
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show | Responsible for creativity, imagination, holistic thinking, intuition, arts (motor skill), rhythm (beats), non-verbal, feelings, visualization, song tune, daydreaming.
(ART, NON-VERBAL, EMOTIONS)
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show | Condition resulting from a cut corpus callosum. Used to reduce epileptic seizures
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Consciousness | show 🗑
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Dual Processing | show 🗑
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Adrenal Glands | show 🗑
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