Dairy husbandry and industry
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| lactation period | 305 days
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| dry period | 2 months
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| hybrid vigour | crossbred offspring having improved characteristics above the average of its parents
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| Define BCS | measure of fat cover on an animal, scale 0-5
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| BCS at calving | 3-3.5
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| BCS at mating | 2.5 -3.0
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| Qualitative milk tests | Delvo test, temperature
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| quantitative milk test | % solids, SCC, TBC
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| Characteristics of a good replacement heifer. | healthy udder, four teats, good feet, good condition score, breed,
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| Mastitis | Bacterial infection of the udder
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| gestation length of cow | 283 days
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| Oestrous of cow | 21 days
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| Colostrum | First milk, high in antibodies, fat %4-7, protein %14-16.
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| Jersey | low milk yield high solids content.
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| Holstein | high yields, low solids
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| jersey cross | intermediate yield and solids, better fertility
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| Factors that affect milk compsition | Age, stage of lactation, breed, milking interval, health
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| Contaminants of milk | Antibiotics, bacteria, excess water, somatic cells
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