Hawaii State Pesticide Applicator Certification Test
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Host | show 🗑
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show | Natural insect chemicals that keep earlier stages of an insect from changing into normal adult form.
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show | The pesticide product label and other accompanying materials that contain directions that pesticide users are legally required to follow.
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Mycoplasmas | show 🗑
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show | Small, usually microscopic, eel-like roundworms
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Non-target Organisms | show 🗑
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show | An organism living on, in, or with another organism for the purpose of obtaining food
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Pathogen | show 🗑
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show | Chemicals emitted by an organism to influence the behavior of other organisms of the same species
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Predator | show 🗑
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show | Regularly searching for, identifying, and assessing numbers of pests and the damage they are causing
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Pest Control - Prevention | show 🗑
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Pest Control - Suppresion | show 🗑
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show | Destroying an entire pest population
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Integrated Pest Management | show 🗑
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What is the first thing you should do when you detect the presence of a pest that you think you may need to control? | show 🗑
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show | Identification of the pest allows you to determine basic information about it, including its life cycle and the time that it is most susceptible to being controlled.
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show | Continuous are always present requiring regular
control; sporadic are migratory, cyclical, requiring as needed control; potential are organisms that are not pests under normal conditions, but can become pests and require control in certain circumstances.
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Explain what is meant byprevention, suppression, and eradication of pests. | show 🗑
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What is a threshold? Why should you consider thresholds when you develop a pest control strategy? | show 🗑
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show | Checking or scouting for pests to determine which are present,
numbers and kinds in an area, and damage. It is important for Control strategies,to determine if the threshold has been
reached and whether control measures have been effective.
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Define "integrated pest management" (lPM) and list several possible control tactics that may be used in an IPM strategy. | show 🗑
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show | Pest resistance, choice of wrong pesticide, misidentifying the pest, applying the wrong amount, or applying the pesticide incorrectly.
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What can you do to keep the pests you are trying to control from becoming resistant to the pesticides you use? | show 🗑
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Acute Effects | show 🗑
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Allergic Effects | show 🗑
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Carrier | show 🗑
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Delayed Effects | show 🗑
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show | Products that are produces and registered by a manufacturer or formulation and sold under a different name by a distributor
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Oncogenicity | show 🗑
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show | Devices and clothing worn to to protect the human body from contact with pesticides or pesticide residues
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Pesticide Handler | show 🗑
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show | Pesticide labeling statements that alert you to possible hazards from use of the pesticide product and that sometimes indicate specific actions to take to avoid the hazards
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show | The pest towards which control measures are being directed
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show | Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act - Passed by Congress in 1947, amended in 1972, 1975, 1988. Regulates the registration, manufacture, sale, transportation, and use of pesticiades
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Civil Penalties for FIFRA Violations | show 🗑
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show | $25,000 or 1 year in prison for commercial applicators, $1,000 or 30 days in prison for private applicators
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Federal EPA Registrattions | show 🗑
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show | SLN or 24(c) registrations, States use to control pesticide use in jurisdiction, including additional uses or adding limitations. Involves adding application sites, pests. or alternate control techniques. Applicator must posses supplemental labeling.
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Emergency Exemptions from Registration | show 🗑
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DANGER | show 🗑
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POISON/SKULL AND CROSSBONES | show 🗑
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WARNING | show 🗑
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CAUTION | show 🗑
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show | The label is the information printed on or attached to the
pesticide container. Labeling includes the label itself, plus all
other information you receive from the manufacturer about the product when you buy it.
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What do the words "Restricted Use Pesticide" tell you about the pesticide product? | show 🗑
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show | box on the front panel of the pesticide label
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show | Complex name that identifies the chemical components and structure of the pesticide.
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Common Name | show 🗑
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show | Usually a trademark name - used by a chemical
company to identify a proprietary pesticide product.
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show | The common name (or the chemical name, if no common
name is given) is the most useful way to identify a
pesticide product.
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Name and explain the meaning of the signal words and symbols you may see on a pesticide product, | show 🗑
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Can you use the signal word on a pesticide label to judge the likelihood of suffering acute, delayed, or allergic effects if you are overexposed to the product? Explain. | show 🗑
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What types of hazard statements should you look for in the pesticide labeling? | show 🗑
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What types of precautionary statements may be included in the labeling section titled "Hazards to Humans"'? | show 🗑
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show | Illegal to use in ways other than permitted by the labeling. Use only on plants, animals, sites as directed. High dosages, concentrations, or more frequent applications are banned. Safety, mixing, diluting, storage, disposal, and PPE, orders are law.
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show | Pesticide users are required by law to comply with all instruction types, not just with the label itself. Directives may be in other labeling that accompanies the product at time of purchase or on separate documents that contain specialized instructions.
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Abrasive | show 🗑
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show | The process of stirring or mixing
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show | The opposite of acidic; having a pH greater than 7
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Dilute | show 🗑
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Emulsion | show 🗑
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Insoluble | show 🗑
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Non-target | show 🗑
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Petroleum-based | show 🗑
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Soluble | show 🗑
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show | A liquid, such as water, kerosene, xylene, or alcohol, that will dissolve a pesticide (or other substance) to form a solution
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Suspension | show 🗑
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Volatile | show 🗑
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"S" | show 🗑
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"RTU" | show 🗑
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show | Concentrates: must be further diluted with a liquid solvent before application. Occasionally the solvent is water, but more often the solvent is a specially refined oil or petroleum-based solvent.
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show | Ultra-Low-Volume: concentrates close to 100% active ingredient. Designed to be used as is or to be diluted with only small quantities of specified solvents. Used mostly in outdoor applications
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show | Aerosols: formulated with 1 or more active ingredients and a solvent. Most contain a low percentage of active ingredient.
There are two types of aerosol formulations the ready-to-use
type, and those made for use in smoke or fog generators.
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"F" or "L" | show 🗑
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"EC" or "E" | show 🗑
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Each gallon of EC usually contains? | show 🗑
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show | mixture of a water soluble pesticide dispersed in an
oil carrier. Uses a special emulsifier so the pesticide can be mixed with a large volume of petroleum-based carrier, usually fuel oil. When applied, they form large droplets that do not drift easily.
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"D" | show 🗑
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show | Baits: Active ingredient mixed with food or another attractive substance. active ingredient in most bait formulations is quite low, usually less than 5%. Used for control of vertebrate pests such as rodents, other mammals, and birds.
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show | Granules: active ingredient (1 to 15%) coats the outside
of the granules or is absorbed into them. used to apply chemicals to the soil to control weeds, nematodes, and insects living in the
soil. Used to control larval mosquitoes and aquatic pests.
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"P" or "PS" | show 🗑
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show | Wettable Powders; most widely used pesticide formulations. Used for most pest problems and in most types of spray equipment where agitation is possible. Contain 5 to 95% active ingredient. Usually 50% or more. must be mixed with water for spraying.
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"SP" or "WSP" | show 🗑
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show | Water-Dispersible Granules or Dry Flowables: Must be mixed with water to be applied. Once in water. the granules break
apart into fine powder. The formulation requires constant
agitation to keep it suspended in water.
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Fumigants | show 🗑
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Adjuvants | show 🗑
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show | "surface active ingredients" adjuvant that alters the dispersing, spreading, and wetting properties of spray droplets.
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Spreaders | show 🗑
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Stickers | show 🗑
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Penetrants | show 🗑
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Foaming Agents | show 🗑
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Thickeners | show 🗑
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Safeners | show 🗑
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show | Adjuvant that aids in combining pesticides effectively,
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show | Adjuvant that allows pesticides to be mixed with diluents or other pesticides of different acidity or alkalinity.
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show | Adjuvant that reduces foaming of spray mixtures that
require vigorous agitation.
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show | Mixture of active and inert (inactive) ingredients that forms a pesticide product.
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What is the difference between active ingredients and inert ingredients? | show 🗑
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What types of factors should you consider when you have a choice of formulations for a pest control task? for a pest control task? | show 🗑
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show | Granules have a much lower drift hazard than wettable powders, but do not stick to nonlevel surfaces, so the wettable powder would be the best choice for uneven surfaces
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Why are adjuvants sometimes added to pesticide formulations? | show 🗑
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Given a choice of wettable powder or emulsifiable concentrate, which would be better when concerned about harming the treated surface? Which would be best if you were diluting with very hard or alkaline water? | show 🗑
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show | Foaming agents and thickeners help to reduce drift. Spreaders help to coat the treated surface with an even layer of pesticide. Compatibility agents aid in combining pesticides effectively.
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show | The movement of liquid pesticide mixture back through the filling hose and into the water source
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show | A safety system designed to contain and recover spills, rinsate, leaks, and other pesticide-containing substances
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Concentrates | show 🗑
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show | Organisms whose survival as a species has been designated by a Federal Agency as endangered or threatened
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show | Water beneath the earth's surface in soil or rock
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Offsite | show 🗑
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Release | show 🗑
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Rinsate | show 🗑
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show | Movement of pesticide away from the release site in water or another liquid flowing horizontally across the surface
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show | Water on top of the earth's surface, such as lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, irrigation ditches, reservoirs, puddles, or storm water drains
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Use Site | show 🗑
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show | comes from a specific identifiable place or point. A pesticide spill that moves into a storm sewer is an example
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Non-Point Source Pollution | show 🗑
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show | Everything that surrounds us - indoors and outdoors - including natural elements, manmade objects, people, and other living organisms.
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show | Pollution that comes from a specific, identifiablc place
Such as pesticide spill that moves into a storm sewer vs. pollution from a wide area, such as movement of pesticides into streams after broadcast applications.
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show | Mismanagement of wash water & spills produced cleanup sites. Improper disposal of containers. rinse water, & excess pesticides. Failure to clean up leaks & spills at pesticide storage sites. Spilling while mixing concentrates or loading into applicator.
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show | Whether there sensitive areas in the environment, offsite near use site, enabling conditions for offsite movement, factors you can change to reduce environmental risk.
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What is a "sensitive area? Give four examples of sensitive areas that you must be especially careful to protect when you are handling pesticides. | show 🗑
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List three routes by which pesticides can move offsite. | show 🗑
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What factors influence whether a pesticide will move offsite in the air? | show 🗑
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Name two circumstances that might cause a pesticide to move offsite in water. | show 🗑
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Give some examples of ways that pesticides can move offsite on or in objects, plants, or animals. | show 🗑
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In addition to direct contact with the pesticide during application or through drift or runoff, how else may non-target plants and animals be harmed by a pesticide? | show 🗑
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show | Discoloration, pitting and marked, corroded or obstructed, or left with a visible deposit.
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show | Illnesses or injuries that may appear immediately after exposure to a pesticide (usually within 24 hours).
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Concentrates | show 🗑
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show | Illnesses or injuries that do no appear immediately (within 24 hours) after exposure to a pesticide or combination of pesticides.
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Diluent | show 🗑
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show | Coming into contact with a pesticide; getting a pesticide on a surface or in or on an organism.
Labeling - The pesticide product label and other accompanying materials that contain directions that
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MSHA | show 🗑
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NIOSH | show 🗑
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OSHA | show 🗑
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show | The part of a pesticide that remains in the environment for a period of time following application or a spill.
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show | pesticides that use water as the only diluent or carrier.
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What should you tell the people who will be laundering your clothing about how to protect themselves from pesticides? | show 🗑
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What should you do with your respirator between handling tasks? | show 🗑
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show | Dispose of the coverall. It cannot be adequately cleaned.
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What legal responsibility do you have for wearing the personal protective equipment that the pesticide labeling lists for your handling situation? | show 🗑
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show | Able to prevent movement or the pesticide through the material during the period of use.
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How can you tell when a material is not chemical-resistant to the pesticide you are handling? | show 🗑
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show | It fits loosely with a layer of air between it and the skin or clothes, worn over another layer, so each layer adds a protective layer of air and layer of fabric, and has tightly constructed seams, snug overlapping closures that do not gap or unfasten.
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show | gloves any time you may get pesticides on your hands, except for some fumigants whose labeling may direct you not wear gloves. The hands are by far the most likely route of exposure for a pesticide handler
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show | Wash gloves thoroughly before taking them off. Wash hands thoroughly and dry them before putting the gloves on again.
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Why do pesticides sometimes get on your skin even when you are wearing gloves and protective footwear? | show 🗑
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show | Whenever exposed to pesticides from above, to help keep pesticides off your head, neck, eyes, mouth, and face. Wear a chemical-resistant hood or wide-brimmed hat. Plastic "safari" hats with plastic sweatbands are a good choice.
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show | Wear goggles, a face shield, or safety glasses with brow and side shields.
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show | Masks or cartridges that filter dust, mists, and particles. Cartridge or canister to remove pesticide gases and vapors. Use of an air tank or air from a location where the air is not contaminated with pesticides.
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show | Serious inhalation hazard to pesticide handlers, also they can cause severe skin bums if they are trapped next to the skin by tight clothing or chemical-resistant PPE.
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show | Throw out most that have been worn for about 5 to 7 days. Those made of butyl or nitrile rubber, may last as long as 10 to 14 days. Replace chemical-resistant items immediately if they show any sign of wear or have holes, tears, or leaks.
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show | Change immediately if you have trouble breathing. They usually need to be changed at least every 8 hours.
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show | Change if you smell, taste, or feel irritation, by date of "service life indicator", or after the time limit set by the manufacturer. Otherwise, replace them after about 8 hours of use
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show | Discard any masks, filters, or respirators that cannot be reused, remove prefilters/cartridges/canisters. Discard them or, if still usable, replace their caps and seal them in an airtight container, such as a zip-closable plastic bag.
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What should you do when you wash your respirator at the end of the day? | show 🗑
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Where should you keep your respirator at the end of the day? | show 🗑
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Cuticle | show 🗑
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show | Removal of pesticide from surfaces or organisms that are exposed so no further harm or damage can occur
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show | Pesticide movement away from the release site in the air.
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Emulsifier | show 🗑
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show | Commercially available system for flushing contaminants out of the eyes.
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Heat stress | show 🗑
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Leaching | show 🗑
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Liability | show 🗑
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show | Materials and debris that originated as living plants or animals
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show | Directly working with pesticides, such as during mixing, loading, transporting, storing, disposing, and applying, or working on pesticide equipment.
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Porous surfaces | show 🗑
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show | Pesticide that is absorbed and circulated by a plant or animal so that the plant or animal is toxic to pests that feed on it.
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If heat stress is a concern when you schedule a pesticide application, what five factors might you need to adjust? | show 🗑
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Name four conditions at the application site that may influence some of the decisions you make about the application. | show 🗑
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show | wasted material, failure to control pest, damage to target site. Immediate and long-term harmful effects to humans, living things, property, and environment. fines and legal actions. Extra cost of pesticides
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Name at least four factors that you should consider when you must choose among different formulations. | show 🗑
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What eight basic safety questions should you ask yourself whenever you or those you supervise will be using pesticides? | show 🗑
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Active ingredients | show 🗑
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show | To stir or mix
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show | Pesticide product as sold, usually a mixture of active and inert ingredients
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show | Sites or organisms that are particularly vulnerable to harmful effects from pesticides.
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Toxicity | show 🗑
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What two methods of rinsing can you use? | show 🗑
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show | Collect the rinsate. Reuse it, if possible, or dispose of it as excess pesticide.
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show | Systems designed to prevent pesticide from coming in contact with handlers or other persons during mixing and loading.
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show | An enclosure, such as a cab or cockpit, that surrounds the occupants and prevents them from coming in contact with pesticides outside of the enclosure.
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When should you consider installing a pesticide containment system? | show 🗑
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What are the advantages of pesticide containment systems? | show 🗑
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What safety procedures should you follow each time you apply a pesticide? | show 🗑
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When you are finished with a mixing, loading, or application task, what should you do right away? | show 🗑
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When you are finished with pesticide handling tasks, what steps should you take for personal cleanup? | show 🗑
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Why should you keep records of pesticide applications? | show 🗑
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Tip-and-pour | show 🗑
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show | If you apply too little pesticide, you may not fully control the pest. Overdosing may cause damage or injuries, leave illegal residues, and cause you to be fined or to be liable for damages.
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Where can you find out how much pesticide to apply? | show 🗑
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Why is it important to calibrate some types of pesticide application equipment? | show 🗑
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show | The amount of pesticide dispersed, divided by the distance covered, is the application rate.
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show | Clogging, corrosion, and wear may change the delivery rate, or the settings may gradually get out of adjustment.
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show | You must dilute all formulations except those that are sold as ready-to-use products or those designed to be applied full strength.
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show | Read the pesticide labeling or consult recommendations from other sources to find out what to use to dilute the formulation; how much to dilute the formulation; and how much of the dilute pesticide to apply per unit of area.
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show | You must know how much your equipment holds when full or how much mixture you will need to complete the job; how much mixture your equipment applies per unit of area; and the size of the site you need to treat.
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show | Remove pesticide from surfaces or organisms that are exposed so no further harm or damage can occur.
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show | Surfaces that have no openings to allow liquid to be absorbed or pass through.
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show | Particularly vulnerable to harm from pesticide exposure.
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When should you have a spill kit on hand? | show 🗑
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Who can you call when you need help to manage a spill? | show 🗑
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What should cleanup include? | show 🗑
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How should you contain a spill? | show 🗑
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show | Protect yourself; stop the source of the spill; protect others; stay at the site.
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What do the three Cʻs of spill management stand for? | show 🗑
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show | Use refillable containers; recycle or recondition the containers; use soluble packaging.
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If you have pesticide wastes (other than empty containers) what can you do with them? | show 🗑
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show | . Apply them to a site listed on the labeling; find someone else who can legally use them; return them to the dealer, formulator, or manufacturer
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show | . Prevent contamination; keep labels legible; keep containers closed; use original containers; watch for damage; store volatile products separately; isolate waste products; know your inventory; consider shelf life.
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show | Keep unauthorized people out; prevent water damage; control the temperature; provide adequate lighting; use nonporous materials; prevent runoff; provide clean water.
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What precautions should you take when you transport pesticides in a vehicle? | show 🗑
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show | Use immediately at a site and rate allowed by the labeling. Transfer into another same container and has the still intact label.
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show | Transport containers with intact, undamaged, and readable labels. Inspect containers. Handle carefully. Anchor securely. Protect from moisture & extreme temperatures.
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As a Hawaii-certified applicator, you are responsible for making and keeping a record for each application (in Hawaii) of a restricted use pesticide that you bought or otherwise acquired. | show 🗑
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show | Maintaining Records
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show | Inspection of Records
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Brand name or common name of pesticide product, EPA registration number of pesticide product, Type of formulation of pesticide product, Scientific or common name of target pest, Dilution Rate, Total amount of pesticide product used, Time and Date , | show 🗑
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show | No person shall ... use or apply restricted pesticides unless the person is a certified pesticide applicator or under the direct supervision of a certified pesticide applicator with a valid certificate issued [by the Hawaii Department of Agriculture)
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show | a pesticide shall be applied under the direct supervision of a certified applicator if it is applied by a competent person acting under the control of a certified applicator who is available if and when needed, doesn't need to be there in person.
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Administrative Rules, Chapter 66, Section 2 | show 🗑
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show | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
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show | Solid and Hazardous Waste Branch, Hawaiʻi Department of Health,
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show | Consult an environmental health specialist at one of the Hawaiʻi Department of Agriculture’s Pesticides Branch offices
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show | No. Fire departments do not give permission to burn any trash in open air fires. Toxic smoke comes from pesticide residue in burning containers. Open air fires can spread and cause other fires.
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Can I bury pesticide containers in Hawaiʻi? | show 🗑
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Categories of Generators of Hazardous Waste | show 🗑
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show | To learn if EPA classified your unwanted pesticide as “acutely hazardous,” check these sources:
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Large quantity generator | show 🗑
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Small quantity generator | show 🗑
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show | generate not more than 100 kilograms (about 220 pounds or 25 gallons) of hazardous waste or no more than 1 kilogram (about 2.2 pounds) of acutely hazardous waste) in any calendar month, you are required to:
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Hawaiʻi Occupational Safety and Health Law. | show 🗑
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The Hawaiʻi Department of Labor and Industrial Relations administers the | show 🗑
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show | s conducted when an employee is first assigned to work with the chemical (as in the case of a new employee).
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HOSHL, On-going training | show 🗑
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show | is conducted when new hazards (such a new hazardous chemicals) appear in the workplace.
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Hawaiʻi Occupational Safety and Health Standards is a set of rules and regulations used as guides for enforcing the HOSHL. | show 🗑
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show | Hawaii Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
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show | You could be required to notify a state and a county govern- ment agency if a certain amount of your pesticide spills, leaks, or burns. There are a few exceptions.
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show | Required to make a report to several government agencies on a special form if you have a minimum amount of a some pesticides. This is an annual report. There are exceptions for chemicals used in routine agricultural operations and 4 other situations.
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show | required to notify several government agencies if you have pesticides classified by the federal government as an extremely hazardous substance. (This is a one-time notification.) and required to do chemical emergency planning with those agencies.
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Hawaii’s Emergency Response Law (ERL) is about | show 🗑
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show | reporting a release of any chemical classified by the federal government as an extremely hazardous substance. It is also about emergency planning notification and chemical inventory reporting in Hawaii.
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show | the HEPCRA. This federal law is also called “SARA Title III” or Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act.
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Aquifer | show 🗑
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show | water that soaks into the ground and adds to aquifers. Rainwater is the main source of recharge in Hawai'i.
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show | form in the base (at sea level) of some Hawaiian islands (those with caprock1) such as Maui and O'ahu.
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HIGH-LEVEL AQUIFERS | show 🗑
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show | forms like an apron on the island's coastal margins. It reduces the flow of fresh water from a basal aquifer outward to the surrounding ocean and allows a thicker zone of fresh water to accumulate
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Dike | show 🗑
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show | PRODUCT BULLETINS
RESTRICTED PESTICIDES
SINGLE-PURCHASE PERMIT
CANCEL SPECIFIC PESTICIDE USE
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show | single-purchase permit
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The Hawaiʻi Department of Agriculture may declare a pesticide as restricted if | show 🗑
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show | printed instructions for using a pesticide to treat a minor
crop (such as taro), object (such as plant containers), or
site (such as “off-shore islands”).
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show | Currently, about 50 SLN labelings are active in Hawaii
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show | 5 years after the Hawaii
Department of Agriculture issues it. An expiration date
appears on each SLN labeling. If the expiration date has
passed, the SLN labeling is not valid.
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