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Earth and Environmental Science

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Elastic rebound   show
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Focus   show
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show the point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s starting point, or focus.  
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show energy released in the form of vibrations as rocks along a fault slip into new positions.  
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Fault zone   show
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show When tectonic plates push up against each other, or try to slide past each other, stress builds up along the fault. Friction keeps the plates from moving until that force is overcome and the plates spring into their new position through elastic rebound  
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Understand how the depth of focus affects an earthquake’s intensity.   show
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Know where earthquakes are most likely to happen.   show
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Seismograph   show
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show A tracing of earthquake motion that is recorded by a seismograph.  
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Magnitude   show
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show a measure of the damage caused by an earthquake  
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Understand the difference between the Richter scale and the Moment Magnitude scale for measuring an earthquake’s magnitude.   show
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show The Modified Mercalli scale expresses intensity in Roman numerals from I (one) to XII (twelve). The bigger the value, the more damage that was caused by the earthquake.  
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Tsunami   show
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show an area along a fault where relatively few earthquakes have occurred recently, but where strong earthquakes are known to have occurred in the past.  
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Understand how an earthquake can affect buildings and property   show
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show If a person lives in an earthquake prone area, they should keep on hand a supply of canned food, bottled water, flashlights, batteries and a portable radio.  
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Understand how earthquake warnings and forecasts can be developed.   show
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show The hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents which then drifted to there present locations.  
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sea-floor spreading   show
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mid-ocean ridge   show
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show Albert Wegener  
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show the solid outer layer of earth that consists of the crust and the ridge upper part of the mantle  
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asthenophere   show
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divergent boundary   show
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convergent boundary   show
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transform boundary   show
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show form at a convergent plate boundary when the more dense oceanic crust slides beneath the less dense continental crust  
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show a zone of active volcanoes surrounded the Pacific Plates  
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show 15; north american plate  
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show earthquakes and volcanoes  
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magma   show
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lava   show
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vent   show
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hot spot   show
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show a crack through which lava flows to earths surface  
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mafic   show
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felsic   show
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show the resistance to flow of a fluid. describes how sticky or runny magma is.  
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pyroclastic material   show
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caldera   show
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show swarm of small earthquakes, increased gasses or small plumes of ash, ground inflation, changes in the slope of the volcanoes flank  
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characteristics of mid ocean ridge   show
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evidence for continental drift   show
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examples of plate boundaries   show
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show broad at the base with gently sloping side  
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composite volcanoes   show
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cinder cone   show
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show pacific plate moving over a stationary mantle plume. as the plates slide magma comes up through the ocean floor and conditionally builds a volcano until it breaches the oceans surface and becomes an island  
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