Earth and Environmental Science
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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Elastic rebound | show 🗑
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Focus | show 🗑
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show | the point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s starting point, or focus.
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show | energy released in the form of vibrations as rocks along a fault slip into new positions.
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Fault zone | show 🗑
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show | When tectonic plates push up against each other, or try to slide past each other, stress builds up along the fault. Friction keeps the plates from moving until that force is overcome and the plates spring into their new position through elastic rebound
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Understand how the depth of focus affects an earthquake’s intensity. | show 🗑
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Know where earthquakes are most likely to happen. | show 🗑
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Seismograph | show 🗑
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show | A tracing of earthquake motion that is recorded by a seismograph.
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Magnitude | show 🗑
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show | a measure of the damage caused by an earthquake
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Understand the difference between the Richter scale and the Moment Magnitude scale for measuring an earthquake’s magnitude. | show 🗑
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show | The Modified Mercalli scale expresses intensity in Roman numerals from I (one) to XII (twelve). The bigger the value, the more damage that was caused by the earthquake.
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Tsunami | show 🗑
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show | an area along a fault where relatively few earthquakes have occurred recently, but where strong earthquakes are known to have occurred in the past.
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Understand how an earthquake can affect buildings and property | show 🗑
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show | If a person lives in an earthquake prone area, they should keep on hand a supply of canned food, bottled water, flashlights, batteries and a portable radio.
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Understand how earthquake warnings and forecasts can be developed. | show 🗑
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show | The hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents which then drifted to there present locations.
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sea-floor spreading | show 🗑
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mid-ocean ridge | show 🗑
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show | Albert Wegener
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show | the solid outer layer of earth that consists of the crust and the ridge upper part of the mantle
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asthenophere | show 🗑
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divergent boundary | show 🗑
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convergent boundary | show 🗑
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transform boundary | show 🗑
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show | form at a convergent plate boundary when the more dense oceanic crust slides beneath the less dense continental crust
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show | a zone of active volcanoes surrounded the Pacific Plates
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show | 15; north american plate
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show | earthquakes and volcanoes
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magma | show 🗑
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lava | show 🗑
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vent | show 🗑
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hot spot | show 🗑
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show | a crack through which lava flows to earths surface
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mafic | show 🗑
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felsic | show 🗑
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show | the resistance to flow of a fluid. describes how sticky or runny magma is.
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pyroclastic material | show 🗑
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caldera | show 🗑
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show | swarm of small earthquakes, increased gasses or small plumes of ash, ground inflation, changes in the slope of the volcanoes flank
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characteristics of mid ocean ridge | show 🗑
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evidence for continental drift | show 🗑
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examples of plate boundaries | show 🗑
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show | broad at the base with gently sloping side
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composite volcanoes | show 🗑
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cinder cone | show 🗑
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show | pacific plate moving over a stationary mantle plume. as the plates slide magma comes up through the ocean floor and conditionally builds a volcano until it breaches the oceans surface and becomes an island
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