Torah Vocabulary-Deep
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| ה־ | הַ־, הָ־, הֶ־ | Hah | THE-definite article TOnight, TOday, etc | ה־ follows: לְ־, בְּ־ כְּ־ they merge consonant after ה־ gets dagesh except=א,ה,ח,ע,ר in which case the vowel in the ה־ changes:
If stressed הָ־=ר,ע,א
If unstressed הֶ־=ע
If stressed הַ־=ה,ח
If unstressed kamats/kkamats+ הֶ־=ה,ח
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| ל־ | לְ־, ל־, לִ־, לַ־, לֶ־, לָ־ | l'-, l-, li-, la-, le-, la- | PREP TO/FOR-use w destination TO/FOR-use w recipient of action or possessor | סָגוֹר=close
לִסְגּוֹר=to close
pa'ál construction:
#1 vowel=לִ
#2 vowel=לַ
#3 vowel=לֶ
#4 vowel=לָ
Rare vowel=לֵ or ל
pi'él, hitpa'él, hitpu'al, & hif'íl construction:
Vowel=לְ
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| ו־ | וִ־,וּ־,וַ־,וֶ־,וָ־, וְ־ | W', Wah, Weh, Oo, Wee | And_ *used before listed items except 1st *ו־ attached to Vb may flip its conjug *Vb in perfect tense uses suffix conjug *Vb in imperfect tense uses prefix conjug *vav hahipúkh=ו of flipping *vav hakhibúr=ו of connection, which may have diff vowel | וְ=default
starts w:
יְ=וִי
labial consonant וּ=בומפ
shva וּ=בְ
Kvowel=non-kvowel וַאֲדָמָה וֶאֱיָל וָחֳדָשׁים
kvowel +י =kvowel can be shva & ו can be וִ or וֶ (ו־ + הֱיִיתֶם =וֶהֱיִיתֶם, וֶהְיִיתֶם, & וִהְיִיתֶם)
stressed 1st vowel=וָ
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| יום | יוֹם | Yohm | Day |
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| ו | Oh | Them |
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| ול | Ool | And the__, And for__ |
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| את | אֵת, אֶת־ | Eht | 1)THOU-proto-sinaitic 2)PREP USED WHEN: *def DO is a proper noun *def DO is a personal pn-where it is incorporated into the form of את *noun phrase beginning with ה־ *noun phrase headed by a noun compound ending | a particle used in front of the direct object of a verb, in this case "the heavens and the earth", indicating that this is what is being "created"
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| אלהים | אֱלֹהִים | Ehloh'heeym | God(s) |
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| ימים | 1) יָמִים (2 יַמִּים | 1)Yahmeeym 2)Yahmeeym | 1)Days 2)Seas |
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| לילה | לַיְלָה | Liy'Lah | Night |
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| בקר | בֹּקֶר-, בוקר | Bohkehr | Morning |
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| ערב | עֲרָב,עָרַב,עֶרֶב, עֶרֶב־ | Erehb Erehb Ahrayb Ahrahb | 1)Day before__ 2)Evening 3)Guarantee, Pretty 4)Arabia (Peninsula) |
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| מועד | מוֹעֵד | Moh'Ayd | 1)Appointment 2)Season 3)Festival |
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| מועדים | מוֹעֲדִים | Moh'Ahdeeym | 1)Appointments 2)Seasons 3)Festivals |
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| שנה | שָׁנָה | Shahnah | 1)Year (time) 2)Repeat another time |
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| שנים | שָׁנִים | Shah'Neeym | 1)Years (time) 2)Repeats many times |
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| רקיע | 1)רָקִיעַ 2)רְקִיעַ־ singular construct | 1)Rah'Keey'Yah 2)R'Kee'Yah | 1)Firmament-the concave surface on which the heavenly bodies appear to move 2)Sky 3)Heavens 4)Expanse | Firmament (Hebrew Mythology): a surface separating the various levels of heaven
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| רקיעים | רְקִיעִים | R'Keey'Yeeym | 1)Firmaments 2)Skies 3)Heavens 4)Expanses |
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| אות | 1)אוֹת (m) 2)אוֹת (f) | Oht | 1)Sign (m) 2)Omen (m) 3)Cue (m) 4)Letter (f) consonant? |
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| אותות | אוֹתוֹת | Oht'Oht | 1)Signs (m) 2)Omens (m) 3)Cues (m) |
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| אותיות | אוֹתִיּוֹת | Oht'Eey'Oht | Letters (f) consonents? |
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| כי | כִּי | Keey | Adverb 1)So 2)Thus Conjunction 1)That 2)For 3)Since 4)Because | Hint=KEY is FOR a door or car
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| טוב | 1) טוֹב 2) טוּב | 1)Tov 2)Toohv | 1)To be/do good (v), Kind (adj) 2)Goodness (n), Virtue (n) |
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| מין | מִין | Meeyn | 1)Species* 2)Kind 3)Type | *GREEK SEPTUAGINT uses:
γένος (genos)-->genus [Latin]
γένη (gene)
*LATIN VULGATE uses Speciem
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| אשר | 1)אֲשֶׁר 2)אָשֵׁר | 1)AhShehr 2)AhShayr | 1)PRONOUN: That, which, who, whom (relative pn used to introduce a relative clause). CONJUNCTION: (relativizer, used to introduce a relative clause) 2)Asher=a son of Jacob | אֲשֶׁר as a conjunction is a relativizer, which is something Standard English doesn't have
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| בין | בֵּין | Bayn | 1)Between 2)Among 3)Amid | Hint=B__n
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| מעל | 1)מֵעַל 2)מָעַל | 1)May'Ahl 2)Mah'Ahl | 1)PREPOSITION=Above, over, higher than, more than 2)VERB=commit sacrilege, steal something from the Temple in Jerusalem, use sacred property for personal use | 1)CONTRACTION of מ- (mi-, “of”) + על (al, “on”).
Hint:Mal= to steal from temple, to profane
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| מתחת | מִתַּחַת | Meetah'Chat | Below |
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| ב־ | בְּ־, בַּ, בִּ | Beey-, Bah-, B'- | 1)PREP=in (place/time), at, with | בְּ־ rarely means into, is strictly a PREP, & always takes an object-ie בִּפְנִים “in/inside” is w/o object; לְ־ more often = in/into. Hebrew Months; ie 17th of Tammuz (17 in Tammuz) = 17 בתמוז
לְ־ is used with Roman months.
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| בו | בּוֹ | Boh | in them (in+3rd person masc singular personal prounoun as an object) |
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| שמים | שָׁמַיִם | Shah'Mah'Yeem | PLURAL NOUN=the sky, skies, heavens, heaven | Sky-Water=Sham (שָׁמַ) derived from Akkadian samu meaning "sky" & Hebrew mayim (מַיִם) meaning "water"
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| ים | יָם | Yahm | Sea, West (Biblical Cardinal Direction) | Not to be confused with יום (day) even though their plural ימים is identical in Classic Hebrew
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| היתה | הָיְתָה | HahYuhTah | WAS-3rd person feminine singular past |
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| תהו | תֹּהוּ | TohHoo | Formless, Void, desolation, nothingness, emptiness | Similar to תְּהוֹם the abyss
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| בהו | BohHoo | Void |
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| ראשית | רֵאשִׁית | RaySheeyt | 1)The 1st in place, time, order or rank (firstfruit) 2) beginning, chief, first, principal thing | from ראש meaning head
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| ראש | רֹאשׁ | Rohsh | Head, Leader, | Rosh Hashanah= Head Year = Hebrew New Year
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| ברא | 1) בָּרָא 2) בֵּרֵא | 1) BahRah | VERBE1=To Create Verbe2=To Cut Down, To Clear | Verb only used wrt God
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| חשך | חֹשֶׁךְ | ChoShek | 1) darkness 2) evil, forces of darkness |
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| על | על־, עַל | Ahl, Ahl- | 1) on, upon, over; about, concerning 2)Super-: above; more than; larger than |
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| פני | 1) פְּנֵי־ , פָּנַי 2) פָּנָה, פְּנֵה | 1) P'Nay-, PahNahy 2) P'Nah, PahNah | 1) NOUN=FACE, surFACE 2) VERB=to face, to turn |
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| תהום | תְּהוֹם | T'Hoom | ABYSS, VOID, (cosmology) The Deep, depth; (figuratively) large difference |
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| רוח | רוּחַ | wind, breath, spirit |
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| רחף | רָחַף | RahChahf | VERB-qal=to brood; to be relaxed, TO FLUTTER, to move, to shake VERB-piel=TO HOVER |
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| פני | P'Nay | FACE, SurFACE |
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| יהוה | secular Jews vocalize as אֲדֹנָי orthodox Jews vocalize as הַשֵּׁם | Adonai Hashem YHWH-pronunciation lost | the original pronunciation was probably lost around the Hellenistic era
Tetragrammaton, one of the names of God.
The proper, personal name of the Jewish God.
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| BEING VERBS | *יהוה -I am that I am/ I will be what I will be/ I was what I was (all tenses) *היתה -__was (past tense) *היה -to be (present tense) *יהי -he becomes (imperative) *הָיְתָה-she became |
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| THE VOID | *תהו= void, formless *תהום= void, abyss *בהו = void, empty |
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| מרחפת | was moving |
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| יאמר | 1. יֹאמֶר 2. יֵאָמַר | 1. Yohmehr 2. YayAhmahr | 1. [He/it] will say (third-person masculine singular future) 2. [It] will be said (third-person masculine singular future) | 1. from אָמַר
2. from נאמר
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| יהי | יְהִי | Y'Heey | IMPERATIVE VERB=be |
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| היה | הָיָה | HahYah | to be, to exist | The present tense is usually omitted; in some cases a pronoun (such as הוא, יש, or הינו) is used rather than any form of the verb
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| אור | אוֹר | Ohr | 1. NOUN=visible light (electromagnetic radiation of any frequency), light source, fire, "light of understanding" 2. VERB=to shine, to illuminate |
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| ירא | יָרֵא | YahrUh | to fear, be afraid, to revere, respect, stand in awe (of) | translated beheld in English
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| BEHOLD VERBS | *infinitive לירוא \ לִירֹא *present יָרֵא *future יִירָא *imperative יְרָא *passive counterpart נוֹרָא |
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| יבדל | VERB=will separate oneself from, will separate (imperfect, 3rd person, sing, masc) | Strongs=914, Gen 1:6,7
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| קרא | קָרָא | kahrah | 1. to call, 2. to read | pa'al construction:
infinitive לקרוא \ לִקְרֹא
future יִקְרָא
passive counterpart נִקְרָא
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| עשה | עָשָׂה | ahsah | Forming words pertaining to doing or making. | linking V:
present עוֹשֶׂה
future יַעֲשֶׂה
passive participle עָשׂוּי
passive counterpart נַעֲשָׂה
*never introduces a bare infinitive
מַעֲשֶׂה=deed, action, event, story
עָשׂוּי=made of
נַעֲשָׂה=to be done, made; to become
מַעַשׂ=action
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| בדל | בְדֵּל | B'Dayl | Forming words relating to separation or distinction | בְּדָל (b'dál)
בָּדַל (badál)
בידל \ בִּדֵּל (bidél)
הִבְדִיל (hivdíl)
הֶבְדֵּל (hevdél)
הַבְדָּלָה (havdalá)
הִבָּדְלוּת (hibad'lút)
נִבְדַּל (nivdál)
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| י | יַּ | Yah | He is__ |
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| שם | 1. שֵׁם 2. שָׁם | 1. Shaym 2. Shahm | 1. Name 2. There |
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