Cervical/Thoracic Spine
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| show | 7
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| How many thoracic bones are found in the adult vertebral column? | show 🗑
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| show | 5
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| show | 1; 5
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| show | 1; 4 (avg)
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| show | 26
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| show | 33
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| Where are the two primary or posterior convex curves seen in the vertebral column? | show 🗑
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| show | cervical, lumbar
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| A curve that is rounded inward or depressed (from a posterior perspective) of the vertebral column. | show 🗑
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| show | convex
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| show | cervical curvature
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| What compensatory curve develops when children learn to walk? | show 🗑
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| show | inferior curves, lumbar and sacral
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| show | lordosis
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| An abnormal or exaggerated lateral curvature seen in the thoracolumbar spine. | show 🗑
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| show | kyphosis
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| Lordosis of the spine is always abnormal. True/False | show 🗑
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| The two main parts of a typical vertebra are: | show 🗑
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| The two bony aspects of the vertebral arch that extend posteriorly from each pedicle to join at the midline | show 🗑
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| show | intervertebral
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| The opening, or passageway, for the spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| show | medulla oblongata of the brain
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| The downward extension of the spinal cord is located where? | show 🗑
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| The tapered ending of the spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| show | spinal nerves, blood vessels
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| show | body
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| show | attachment of the intervertebral disks
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| show | a ring or arch
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| show | vertebral foramen
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| What is the tubelike opening formed by the sucession of vertebral formina as a result of stacked vertebrae? | show 🗑
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| What does the vertebral canal do? | show 🗑
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| show | pedicles
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| What are the two somewhat flat layers of bone that form the posterior part of the vertebral arch? (superior perspective) | show 🗑
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| show | lamina
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| show | transverse process
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| The projection that extends posteriorly at the midline junction of the two laminae and most posterior extension of the vertebrae. (superior perspective) | show 🗑
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| show | pedicle
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| From a lateral perspective, where do the pedicles terminate? | show 🗑
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| show | two laminae
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| Where does the lamina end, from a lateral perspective? | show 🗑
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| show | 4 (2 superior, 2 inferior)
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| show | important joints of the vertebral column
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| show | joints
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| show | 3
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| The joints found between the vertebral bodies. | show 🗑
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| What is located within the intervertebral joints and are tightly bound to adjacent vertebral bodies for spinal stability but allow for flexibility and movement of the vertebral column? | show 🗑
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| The joints located between the superior and inferior articular processes. | show 🗑
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| The term used to describe the articulating surface. | show 🗑
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| The joints located along a portion of the vertebral column and articulates with the ribs to the thoracic vertebra. | show 🗑
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| show | costovertebral joint
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| show | costotransverse joint
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| show | superior vertebral notch
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| The half moon-shaped area located along the lower surface of each pedicle. (left/right) | show 🗑
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| show | intervertebral foramen
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| Where are the intervertebral foramina located? | show 🗑
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| show | 2, one on each side
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| What passes through the intervertebral foramina? | show 🗑
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| show | false, not between C1 and C2 as C1 has no body
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| What is the purpose of the intervertebral disks? | show 🗑
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| What is the outer fibrous portion of the intervertebral disk? | show 🗑
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| show | nucleus pulposus
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| show | it presses on the spinal cord and causes severe pain and numbness that radiates into the lower limbs
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| show | slipped disk
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| The condition causing a "slipped disk" is correctly referred to what? | show 🗑
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| The zygapophyseal joints of all cervical vertebrae are visualized only in a true lateral position. True/False | show 🗑
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| show | C1-C2
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| show | C3-C7
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| show | a complex succession of many bones called vertebrae
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| show | provide a flexible supporting column for the trunk and head and also transmit the weight of the trunk and upper body to the lower limbs
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| show | midsagittal plane, forming the posterior or dorsal asapect of the bony trunk of the body
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| As adjacent vertebrae are stacked vertically, openings in each vertebra line up to create what? | show 🗑
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| What does the spinal canal contain? | show 🗑
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| show | cerebrospinal fluid
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| show | level of L3-L4
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| show | 5; cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
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| How many cervical vertebrae are in the vertebral column? | show 🗑
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| How many thoracic vertebrae are in the vertebral column? | show 🗑
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| show | transverse foramina, bifid spinous process tips, overlapping vertebral bodies
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| The cervical vertebrae are all the same size. True/False | show 🗑
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| Which vertebrae are considered "typical" vertebrae? | show 🗑
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| show | atlas
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| show | a Greek god who bore the world upon his shoulders
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| What is the distinquishing feature of C1? | show 🗑
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| show | posterior arch that includes a small posterior tubercle
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| What is another term used to describe the second vertebra, C2? | show 🗑
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| show | dens; odontoid process
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| What is the dens, or odontoid process? | show 🗑
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| show | body of C1; fuses to C2 during development
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| What holds the dens in place to C1? | show 🗑
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| What is to the left and right of C1? | show 🗑
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| What is the large depressed surface of the left and right superior articular processes on C1 called? | show 🗑
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| show | articulation with the respective right and left occipital condyles of the skull
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| show | atlantooccipital articulations
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| show | articular pillars
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| show | lateral mass
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| show | support the weight of the head and assist in rotation of the head
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| Where does the rotation of the head primarily occur? | show 🗑
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| What acts as a pivot for rotation of the head? | show 🗑
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| What assists the dens with rotation of the head? | show 🗑
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| show | forced flexion-hyperextension "whiplash" type of injury
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| show | injury this high in the spinal canal can result in serious paralysis and death
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| What does the AP open mouth demonstrate? | show 🗑
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| Why is the anterior arch of C1, which lies in front of the dens, not clearly visible on an xray image? | show 🗑
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| The articulations between C2 and C1, the zygapophyseal joints, and the relationship of the dens to C1 must be perfectly symmetric. What would render these areas asymmetric? | show 🗑
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| What is another term used to describe the seventh vertebra, C7? | show 🗑
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| What section of the vertebral column does C7 most resemble? | show 🗑
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| What is the palpable bony landmark of the cervical column, where is it located and what is it's purpose? | show 🗑
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| The transverse processes of the typical cervical vertebrae arise from the pedicle-lamina junction. True/False | show 🗑
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| show | transverse foramen
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| What passes through the cervical transverse foramen? | show 🗑
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| How many foramina are found in the cervical vertebrae? Name them. | show 🗑
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| The spinous processes of C2-C6 are fairly short and end in what? | show 🗑
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| The cervical superior and inferior articular processes, located over and under the articular pillars, are directly lateral to what? | show 🗑
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| The zygapophyseal joints for the second through seventh cervicle verebrae are situated at what angle? | show 🗑
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| How are the zygapophyseal joints of C3-C7 visualized radiographically? | show 🗑
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| How are the zygapophyseal joints of C1-C2 visualized radiographically? | show 🗑
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| How can the intervertebral foramina of the cervical column be identified? | show 🗑
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| show | superior and inferior
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| show | 45° angle to the midsagittal plane and open anteriorly
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| show | T5-T8, least resemble cervical or lumbar vertebrae
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| Describe T1-T4 characteristics. | show 🗑
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| show | larger, share characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae
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| show | facets for rib articulation
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| show | one full facet or a partial facet on each side
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| Another term for two partial facets. | show 🗑
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| Each facet or combination of two demifacets located on the thoracic vertebrae accepts the head of a rib to form what joint? | show 🗑
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| show | on each side of the transverse process
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| show | costotransverse
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| Ribs 11 and 12 articulate only at the costotransverse joints. True/False | show 🗑
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| show | inferiorly
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| How is the spinous process of the thoracic region best viewed radiographically? | show 🗑
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| show | superimposed on the body of the successive thoracic vertebra
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| From a lateral oblique perspective of the thoracic spine, what direction is the superior articular processes facing? | show 🗑
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| From a lateral oblique perspective of the thoracic spine, what direction is the inferior articular processes facing? | show 🗑
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| show | intervertebral foramina
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| In the thoracic vertebrae, what angle do the zygapophyseal joints form? | show 🗑
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| What postition would be needed in order to "open up"and radiographically demonstrate the thoracic zygapophyseal joints? | show 🗑
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| The openings of the intervertebral foramina on the thoracic vertebra are located at what angle? | show 🗑
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| What postition would be needed in order to radiographically demonstrate the thoracic intervertebral foramina? | show 🗑
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