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Biological Bases of Behavior, Module 9 + 10

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Term
Definition
Cell Body   show
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show a neuron's often bushy, branching extensions that receive and integrate messages, conducting impulses toward the cell body  
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Axon   show
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Myelin Sheath   show
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show cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory  
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show a brief electrical charge that travels down the axon  
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Threshold   show
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show in neural processing, a brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fired; subsequent action potentials cannot occur until the axon returns to its resting state  
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show a neuron's reaction or either firing or not firing  
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Synapse   show
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show the gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the next receiving neuron  
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show chemical messages that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by a sending neuron, they travel across the synapse and bind to the receptor sites of the receiving neuron  
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show a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron  
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show enables muscle action, learning, memory  
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show influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion  
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show affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal  
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show helps control alertness and arousal  
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GABA   show
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show a major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory  
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show neurotransmitters that influence the perception of pain and pleasure  
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show a molecule that increases a neurotransmitters's actions  
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Antagonist   show
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show the brain and the spinal cord; the body's decision maker  
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Peripheral Nervous System   show
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Sensory (afferent) Neurons   show
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show neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and the spina cord to the muscles and glands  
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show neurons within the brain and spinal cord; they communicate internally and process information between the sensory inputs and the motor outputs  
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Somatic Nervous System   show
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show the part of the PNS that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs  
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show the part of the ANS that arouses the body and mobilizes energy  
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Parasympathetic Nervous System   show
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show -70 millivolts  
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Created by: MadisonFoleyReis
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