SWAST EMD Training Pack Refresher Section A: Part 2/3/4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the primary survey? | Designed to ensure that the most critically unwell patients are identified quickly, help is arrange and first aid is provided.
🗑
|
||||
| When is the primary survey relevant? | When a patient is in cardiac arrest and requires CPR and AED use, or whether the patient is alert with an illness or injury and requires assessment, monitoring and appropriate care.
🗑
|
||||
| How many cases of cardiac arrest does the ambulance service respond to annually? | 60,000
🗑
|
||||
| In how many cases of cardiac arrest does the ambulance service attempt resuscitation? | Less than half (28,000)
🗑
|
||||
| The two main reasons why the ambulance service will not attempt resuscitation | 1. Victim has been dead for several hours,
2. CPR has not been attempted by a bystander ( so the patient is dead by the time the ambulance crew arrives)
🗑
|
||||
| In how many instances do patients survive and go home from hospital? | less than 1 in 10 victims
🗑
|
||||
| How can we double the chances of survival for cardiac arrest victims? | Preform CPR as early as possible, educate the public how to effectively preform CPR and increase the use of AEDs
🗑
|
||||
| What does AED stand for? | Automated External Defibrillators
🗑
|
||||
| What does CPR stand for? | cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the chain of survival? (4) | 1. early recognition and call for help
2. early CPR
3. Early Defibrillation
4. Post resuscitation care
🗑
|
||||
| 1Why is early recognition and calling for help important? | To prevent cardiac arrest
🗑
|
||||
| Why is early CPR important? | To buy time
🗑
|
||||
| Why is early Defibrillation important? | To restart the heart
🗑
|
||||
| Why is post resuscitation care important? | To restore quality of life
🗑
|
||||
| If untreated after an hour of the onset of chest pain, how many myocardial infraction (heart attack) patients will get a cardiac arrest | a quarter to a third
🗑
|
||||
| Immediate CPR from a bystander can improve survival (out-of-hospital) cardiac arrest by | double or quadruple
🗑
|
||||
| how many victims receive bystander CPR in the UK? | Only 40%
🗑
|
||||
| defibrillation within 3-5 minutes of collapse can produce survival rates of? | 50-70%
🗑
|
||||
| Each minute of delay to defibrillation reduces the probability of survival to hospital discharge by | 10%
🗑
|
||||
| How many victims of cardiac arrest have an AED deployed before the ambulance arrives? | only 2%
🗑
|
||||
| If initial attempts of resuscitation fail, what other advanced life support can be tried? | Airway management, drugs and the correction of causal factors
🗑
|
||||
| Why does a cardiac arrest occur? | The electrical system of the heart stops functioning unexpectedly
🗑
|
||||
| Why does a heart attack occur? | A blockage in a coronary artery interrupts blood flow to the working heart
🗑
|
||||
| Age range for cardiac arrest | Children, adults and the elderly
🗑
|
||||
| Age range for heart attacks | Usually people aged 35+
🗑
|
||||
| What symptoms may be present before a cardiac arrest? | Heart palpitations, dizziness, chest pain or shortness of breath and loss of consciousness
🗑
|
||||
| What symptoms may be present before a heart attack? | Victims usually remain conscious and may experience chest, neck or left arm pain, shortness of breath, sweating or nausea.
🗑
|
||||
| What can a heart attack lead to? | A cardiac arrest
🗑
|
||||
| What does DRcABC stand for | Danger,
Response,
catastrophic bleeding
Airway,
Breathing,
Call 999
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC : Danger - What to do? | Assess and control risks as far as reasonably practical.
Consider the risks to yourself, the patient, the bystanders.
Evaluate infection risk and use control measures to reduce risk
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Response - What to do? | Asses the patients level of response when you:
- Talk
- Tap them
- Give an instruction to open their eyes
- Use the AVPU score
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Response - Is the patient: | Alert?
Responding to verbal communication?
responding to pain?
unresponsive?
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Catastrophic Bleeding - What to do? | control the bleeding immediately. Apply pressure
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Catastrophic Bleeding - What level is the bleed? (3) | Severe, Sustained, Uncontrolled
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Airway - What to do? | open the airway
- if the patient is awake they are likely to adopt a position that maintains breathing
- Not awake: turn the patient onto their back
- Place your hand on their forehead and tilt head back; fingertips under the chin, lift to open airway.
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Breathing - What to do? | Look, listen and feel for abnormal breathing for no more than 10 seconds. At least2 full breaths
🗑
|
||||
| DRcABC: Call - What to do? | Ask a helper to call if possible or call them yourself before starting CPR on an adult.
Stay with the patient while making a call if possible/ safe to
Activate the speaker function on the phone to aid communication with the ambulance service
🗑
|
||||
| Levels of catastrophic bleeding: Severe | Obvious heavy bleeding, usually free flowing, may be described as pumping, pouring, spurting.
🗑
|
||||
| Levels of catastrophic bleeding: Sustained | The bleeding continues unless effectively managed.
🗑
|
||||
| Levels of catastrophic bleeding: Uncontrolled | The wound continues to bleed with initial treatment such as dressing application and elevation.
🗑
|
||||
| When to send for an AED | I you are alone, stay with the patient, if someone extra is able to, send them to get one.
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking, why is it important? | To enhance the information of the patients condition and to highlight potential risks you can ask further questions about the proceeding events and medical history.
🗑
|
||||
| The benefit of history taking? | Being able to find out specifics about a persons health to better care for their needs. E.g. Liver and kidney disease can lead to thinner blood that doesn't clot as well.
🗑
|
||||
| Acronym for history taking: SAMPLE | Signs and Symptoms
Allergy
Medication
Past medical history
Last meal
Event proceeding
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking: Signs and Symptoms | - Look for signs and symptoms of injury
- Ask the patient how they feel
- Is there pain, can they describe the pain, location, what makes it better/ worse.
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking: Allergy | - Does that patient have any allergies? This could be a reason for the patients current illness, or allergies may affect future management of the patient
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking: Medication | - What medication does that patient take?
- What is it for?
- Have they self-administered medications according to the advice of their doctor?
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking: Past medical history | -Relevant medical history experienced? (medications help to identify previous conditions)
- Experienced similar episodes before? What did they need to do to recover from it last time?
- Any relevant family medical history related to the condition?
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking: Last meal | - When was their last intake of fluid / food?
🗑
|
||||
| History Taking: Event proceeding | - What was the occurrence prior to the patient becoming injured (MOI) or unwell?
🗑
|
||||
| Mechanism of Injury (MOI) | Refers to the method by which damage (trauma) has happened to the body.
Healthcare professionals use MOI to help determine how likely it is that serious injury has occurred.
🗑
|
||||
| Example MOI questions: | What caused the fall, did you faint/ trip?
Did you 'break the fall' with your outstretched hand?
Do you have any other pain elsewhere?
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
paramedicscienceUK
Popular Paramedic/EMT sets