7.5AB, 7.7A Photosynthesis, Energy Flow, & Transformations
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| RADIANT ENERGY | Energy from the sun that reaches earth as visible light, & ultraviolet/infrared (heat) radiation.
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| CHEMICAL ENERGY | Energy stored in chemical bonds & released through chemical reactions.
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| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Chemical reaction in which plants convert Sun's radiant energy into chemical energy; converts carbon dioxide & water into glucose & oxygen; photo=light.
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| CHEMICAL REACTION | Process by which 2 or more chemical substances interact & are chemically changed, producing different chemical substances.
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| REACTANTS | Substance that takes part in & undergoes change during a reaction.
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| PRODUCTS | Substance produced during a chemical reaction.
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| GLUCOSE | Simple carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis; used to store energy & build structural molecules.
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| FOOD CHAIN | Energy path from 1 organism to another showing a linked series; feeds on the 1 next to it in the series.
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| FOOD WEB | Overlapping food chains with different pathways for the flow of food energy in an ecosystem.
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| OMNIVORE | Kind of animal that eats both animals & plants; some will hunt & eat their food, others are scavengers & will eat dead matter; "OMNI-" = ALL.
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| PRODUCER | Organisms that transform energy from the Sun & use carbon dioxide & water to make food.
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| CONSUMER | Organisms that feed on other organisms in a food chain.
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| HERBIVORE | Animals that only eat plants or plant products; "HERB-" = PLANT.
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| CARNIVORE | Animals that eat other animals; "CARN-" = MEAT.
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| PRIMARY CONSUMERS | Organisms that get their energy by feeding on producers in the food chain.
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| SECONDARY CONSUMERS | Organisms that get their energy by feeding on primary consumers (herbivores) in the food chain.
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| TERTIARY CONSUMERS | Organisms that get their energy by eating secondary consumers.
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| DECOMPOSERS | Organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down the remains of dead plants & animals, without need for internal digestion.
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| TROPHIC LEVEL | Any class of organisms occupying the same position in a food chain, such as primary consumers or secondary consumers; "TROPH-" = NOURISH.
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| ENERGY PYRAMID | Shows how much energy transfers to the next trophic level in a food chain.
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| ATOM | Smallest particle of an element; made of electrons, protons, & neutrons.
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| MOLECULE | Simplest unit of a chemical compound that can exist, formed when 2 or more atoms join together chemically.
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| ECOSYSTEM | System comprising all the biotic & abiotic factors in an area & all the interactions among them.
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| CHLOROPLAST | Container in the leaves that is the location of photosynthesis & holds chlorophyll.
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| CHLOROPHYLL | Green pigment (color) inside the leaves that absorbs sunlight.
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| STOMATA | Openings in the leaves controlled by guard cells to allow CO2 in and O2 out.
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| XYLEM | Tubes inside the stem of a plant that carry water from the roots to the leaves.
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| ENERGY TRANSFORMATION | Change of energy from 1 form to another.
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| DIGESTION | Process of breaking down food into component molecules that can be absorbed into the body & used for energy & nutrients.
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| MECHANICAL ENERGY | Sum of the potential & kinetic energy of an object.
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| THERMAL ENERGY | Total kinetic (motion) energy of tiny particles that make up matter - the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes.
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| CELLULAR RESPIRATION | Process by which cells use oxygen to produce ATP energy from glucose.
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| MITOCHONDRIA | Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production.
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| ATP | Adenosine Tri-Phosphate is the main energy source that cells use for most of their work.
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