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| Muscle Fibers | The cell of the muscle
Compromised by myofibrils
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| Myofibrils | Comprised of sarcomeres
Usually 1-2 micrometers in diameter
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| Myofilaments | Comprised of thick and thin filaments
Thick (Myosin)
Thin (Actin, Troponin, Tropomyosin)
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| Sarcoplasm | Liquid component found inside the muscle fiber
Cytoplasm for muscle cell
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| Sacroplasmic Reticulum | Stores calcium for muscle contraction
Forms a network of reservoirs for calcium release
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| T-Tubules | Part of the SR that transport calcium throughout muscle fiber
Responsible for the storage and release of calcium during contraction and relaxation
T- Transverse
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| Fenestrated Collar | Location where the L-Tubules (longitudinal) converge over the H-Zone
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| Terminal Cisternae | Part of the SR, located over the A and I Band juncture
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| Myoneural Juncture | Location where the motor nerve ending terminate on the sarcolemma
Site of acetylcholine and cholinesterase release
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| Motor End Plate | Raised mound where the myoneural juncture is located and the motor nerve terminates on the sarcolemma
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| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell
Provides the cell with energy, through the production of ATP
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| Lysosomes | Vesicles in the sarcoplasm that contain enzymes capable of degrading proteins
Store proteases- enzymes capable of digesting the cell and its contents known as cathepsins
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| Golgi Complex | Same function as regular cells
Package protein and lipids
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| The Sarcomere | The basic contractile unit of a muscle
Spans the distance from z-disc to z=disc
Contains 1 A-Band and 2 half I-Bands
Comprised of thick and thin filaments
Avg. resting sarcomere length is 2.5 micrometers
Avg. fiber diameter is 10-100 micrometers
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| A-Band | Dark band in the center of the sarcomere
Location of myosin
Thick filament
Length does not change during contraction
A: Anisotropic, doubly refractive
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| I-Band | Light band on the ends of a sarcomere
Contains actin
Thin filaments
Length shortens when muscles contract
I: Isotropic, singly refractive
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| H Zone | Area in the center of the A Band in which there is no actin overlap
Shortens with muscle contraction
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| Pseudo H Zone | Area in the center of the H Zone in which there is no myosin heads
Width does not change during muscle contraction
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| Z Disc or Z Line | Line at each ends of the sarcomere at which the actin filaments are anchored by nebulin
Comprised of actin, a-actinin, and other proteins
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| Z Disc or Z Line continued | Broken down by enzymes during postmortem aging, contributing in tenderness associated with aged prodcuts
Composed of Z filaments
Each actin filament is surrounded by four Z filaments
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| M Line | Line that divides the sarcomere into two symmetrical halves
The midline of the sarcomere
Composed of M Proteins
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| Myofibrillar Proteins Contractile | Actin and Myosin
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| Myofibrillar Proteins Cytoskeletal | Titan, Nebulin, M Protein, C Protein, Desmin, Alpha-Actinin, Beta-Actinin
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| Myofibrillar Proteins Regulatory | Tropomyosin, Troponin (T, I, C)
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| Actin Located: I-band | Composed of g-actin and F-actin
Located in the thin filament
Binds to the myosin during muscle contraction and slides
20% of myofibrillar proteins
6 actin surround each myosin
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| Myosin Located: A-band | Most abundant protein in meat
Heavy meromyosin (HMM): heads
Double headed
Light meromyosin (LMM): tails
45% of myofibrillar proteins
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| Troponin Located: On the thin filament | 3 types: Troponin, Inhibitory, Calcium
Covers the binding site on the actin for myosin heads and binds to the calcium during contraction
Located every 7-8 G-F actin
5% of myofibrillar proteins
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| Tropomyosin Located: ON the thin filament | Spans 7 G-actin on the F-actin and is bound to troponin
Located along F-actin
5% of myofibrillar
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| Alpha Actinin Located: Z disc | Cementing substance in the Z filament
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| Beta Actinin Located: I band | Regulates the length of the thin filament in each 12 I band
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| Titan Located: Thick Filament | Holds the A and I bands together
Located between the A and I band
10% of myofibrillar proteins
Runs from the Mline to Z disc
Provides scaffold for alignment of filaments
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| Nebulin Located: I band/thin filament | Anchors the thin filament to the Z-disc
Located on the entire length of the thin filament
4% of myofibrillar
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| C Protein Located: Thick Filament | 7 rings encircle each half of the thick filament and helps provide stability to the thick filament
Located around the thick filament in the A band
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| M Protein Located: M Line | Component of the M-line
Stabilizes rod portion of myosin on the thick filament
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| Desmin Located: I band | Anchors the myofibril to the sarcolemma
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Created by:
CatHern
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