medical, legal, and ethical issues
Help!
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| define consent and how it relates to decision making | consent= permission
you have to gain consent before transport/treatment
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| compare expressed consent, implied consent, and involuntary consent | expressed consent= specific authorization expressed by the Pt
implied consent= legal assumption that treatment is desired
involuntary consent= Pt who are mentally ill, behavior crisis, or developmentally delayed
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| discuss consent by minors | -Parent/legal guardian gives consent
-when a parent cant be reached, health care providers are allowed to give care
-In some states minors can gives consent (emancipated minors, or maturity and age)
teachers/school officials may act in place of parent
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| describe local EMS system protocols for using forcible restraint | = a Pt who is in need of medical treatment, but presnts a risk of danger to self or others
legally permissble= medical control for authorization (some states allow LEOS to auth.)
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| discuss the EMT's role and obligations if a patient refuses transport or treatment | Inform then of your assessment, description of treatment, possible risks of treatment, possible consequences of refusing treatment
encourage treatment (or them to call if they change thier mind)
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| describe the relationship between patient communications, confidentiality, and HIPPA | Info remains between you and the Pt (Hx, assessment, treatment)
HIPPS= Privacy Laws (Must be followed!! unless under specific circumstances. ie: release form, legally mandated to report, billing personnel)
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| discuss the importance of DNR orders and local protocols as they relate to EMS | DMR= no treatment, but supportive/comfort measures
Follow Local protocols!
Check for validity
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| describe the physical, presumptive, and definitive signs of death | presumptive= unresponsive to stimuli, lack of heartbeat or carotid pulse, no rise/fall of chest, No deep tendon or corneal reflexes, no pupillary reaction, no systolic BP
definitive=Obvious mortal damage, lividity, Rigor Mortis, decomposition
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| explain how to manage patients who are Organ Donors | treat the same as any other Pt
Priority- keep life, keep oxygen to organs
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| recognize the importance of medical identification devices in treating the patient | devices= necklaces, bracelet, key chain, card
Indicating: DNR order, Allergies, and/or serious condition
helpful for assessment and treatment
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| discuss the scopes of practice and standards of care | standards of Care= manner you act, How you do it.
must be definite regardless of situation
Accomplished through: Local custom, law, institutional standards, textbook standards. state standards
Scope of practice= skills you can preform
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| describe the EMTs legal duty to act | Individuals responsibility to provide Pt care
Bystander is under no obligation
established once responding
Most cases if you see a situation and your off duty, you are not obligated to help (if you do, ensure equal or higher level of care occurs)
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| discuss the issues of negligence, abandonment, assault, battery, and kidnapping and their implications for the EMT | Negligence=failure to provide care
abandonment= decision to stop treatment (Get transfer of care!)
Assault= unlawfully placing a person in fear of bodily harm
battery= unlawfully touching a person
kidnapping=abducting by force
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| explain the reporting requirements for SPECIAL situations | Reporting obligation to things such as:
abuse, injury during felony, drug-related, childbirth, suicides, dog bites, communicable/infectious diseases exposure, assaults, domestic violence, sexual assault/rape, Pt in restraints, crime scenes, deceased
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| define ethics and morality and discuss their implications for the EMT | ethics= philosophy of right and wrong moral duties, ideal professional behavior
morality= the code of conduct affecting character and conscience
Allow rules, laws, and regulations to guide decisions, be honest, keep accurate records.
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| Describe the roles and responsibilities if the EMT in court | sometimes called for civil or criminal cases
As a witness: remain neutral, review run report
As a defendant: attorney is required
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