Airway Anatomy / Physiology
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| What happens to your diaphragm during inhalation? | Contracts | show 🗑
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| What ring-shaped structure forms the lower portion of the larynx? | Cricoid Cartillage | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the cartilaginous ridge in the trachea at which the right and left lungs split? | show | The trachea splits into 2 main stems, the left and the right, at the Carina. Each leads to a lung. It is located beneath the sternum
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| show | Trachea | The trachea is a tube-like structure that allows air to pass from the upper airway into the lungs.
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| show | Labored breathing | The use of accessory muscles is a sign of respiratory distress or failure. Nasal flaring is the body's effort to increase the size of the airway.
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| show | Stridor | It is an upper airway obstruction caused by tissue swelling around trachea, larynx, and epiglottis.
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| How should you insert a nasopharyngeal airway? | show | First step is to face the bevel towards the septum, then apply a water-soluble lubricant..
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| show | 500 ml | It is the amount of air that is moved in and out of the lungs during one breath.
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| What is the hypoxic drive? | A backup system to control respiration. | show 🗑
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| show | Asthma/COPD/Emphysema/Chronic Bronchitis | You will hear a high pitched, whistling sound prominent on expiration.
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| What will you hear if there is fluid in the alveoli? | Crackles | show 🗑
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| What does the upper airway consist of? | Pharynx, Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Larynx | show 🗑
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| show | Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs |
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| show | When the patient is hypoxic, but otherwise breathing adequately. | Rate of 15 L/min and capable of providing up 90% inspired oxygen.
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| show | When a patient has mild hypoxemia. | Can provide 24% to 44% inspired oxygen.1-6 lpm (2-4 lpm most common)
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| When should you use a Bag-Valve Mask? | show | Minimum of 15 L/min.
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| show | When vomit/liquid/food or other foreign materials enter the lungs | This is stopped by the Epiglottis. The epiglottis folds over the glottis to prevent aspiration,
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| What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? | show | In the area of dead space that traps 150 mL of air. 350 mL effectively reaches the alveoli for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
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| What is Hyperventilation? | show | The body may be trying to compensate for acidosis. If too much carbon dioxide is blown off, alkalosis can occur.
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| show | when air accumulates between the chest wall and the lung and increases pressure in the chest, reducing the amount of blood returned to the heart. | Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and a racing heart, followed by shock.
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| show | Pharynx | It is Muscular tube extending from nose and mouth to level of esophagus and trachea.
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| Which part of the upper airway Filters out dust and small particles and warms and humidifies air as it enters the body. | show | directly posterior to the nose
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