Chapter 6 The Sensory System - Opthalmalology & Otolaryngology
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| Ocul/o, Ophthalm/o, opt/o | eye
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| lacrim/o, dacry/o | tear
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| -opia, opsia | vision condition
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| corne/o | cornea
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| conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva
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| sclera | the white of the eye
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| vitre/o | vitreous liquid (aka vitreous humor)
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| cycl/o | cillary body
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| retin/o | retina
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| ir/o, irid/o | Iris
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| phac/o, phak/o | lens
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| aur/o, ot/o | ear
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| acous/o, audi/o | sound, hearing
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| acusis | hearing condition
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| cerumin/o | ear wax
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| salping/o | eustachian tube; connects the middle ear to the throat
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| tympan/o, myring/o | eardrum
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| mastoid/o | mastoid process
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| labyrinth/o | labyrinth; the innermost part of the ear (contains cochlea and vestibular system)
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| vestibul/o | vestibule; the area in front of semi-circular canals; It contains structures that help regulate balance.
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| Cochle/o | cochlea; A spiral, snail shell-shaped tube in the inner ear that contains receptors.
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| myopia | nearsightedness
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| hyperopia | farsightedness
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| hemianopsia | blindness in half of the field of vision
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| dacryorrhea | excessive tearing
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| xerophthalmia | excessive dryness
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| mydriasis | large pupil; abnormal dilation of the pupil
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| miosis | small pupil; abnormal contraction of the pupil
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| hypoacusis | decreased sensitivity to sound
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| hyperacusis | increased sensitivity to sound
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| Tinnitus | ringing in the ears
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| otalgia / otodynia | ear pain
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| amblopia |
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| amblyopia | decreased vision; When it occurs in one eye, it is referred to as lazy eye.
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| asthenopia | weak vision (eye strain)
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| diplopia | double vision
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| presbyopia | decreased vision caused by age
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| scotopia | adjustment of the eye to seeing in darkness
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| blepharoplegia | paralysis of the eyelid
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| blepharospasm | involuntary contraction of an eyelid
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| dacryoadenalgia | pain in the tear gland
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| dacryocystalgia | pain in the tear sac
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| ophthamalgia | eye pain
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| astigmatism | Vision problem caused by light rays that enter the eye are not focused on a single point in the back of the eye
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| corneal xerosis | dryness of the cornea
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| keratalgia | pain in the cornea
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| cycloplegia | paralysis of the ciliary body
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| iridalgia | pain in the iris
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| scotoma | dark spot in the visual field
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| mastoidalgia | pain in the mastoid
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| otorrhea | discharge from the ear
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| ophthalmoscope | instrument for looking at the eye
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| optomyometer | device used to determine the strength of eye muscles
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| phacoscope | instrument for looking at the lens
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| retinoscopy | procedure for looking at the retina
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| tonometer | instrument for measuring tension or pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure)
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| binocular | pertaining to both eyes
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| lacrimation | formation of tears (crying)
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| nasolacrimal | pertaining to the nose and tear system
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| opthalmic | pertaining to the eye
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| ophthamologist | eye specialist that treats eye conditions
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| optic | pertaining to the eye
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| optometrist | specialist in measuring the eye
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| retinal | pertaining to the retina
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| blepharoptopsis | drooping eyelid
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| blepharopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the eyelid
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| dacryolith | hard formation (stone) in the tear system
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| ectropion | outward turning of the eyelid, away from the eye
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| entropion | inward turning of the eyelid, toward the eye
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| exophthalmus | protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket
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| nystagmus | involuntary back and forth movement of the eyes
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| strabismus | condition where the eyes deviate when looking at the same object
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| esotropia | inward turning of the eye, toward the nose
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| exotropia | outward turning of the eye, away from the nose
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| keratomalacia | abnormal softening of the cornea
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| papilledema | swelling of the optic nerve where it enters the retina
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| phacomalacia | abnormal softening of the lengs
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| phacosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the lens
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| audiogram | record produced by an audiometer
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| audiometer | instrument for measuring hearing
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| audiometry | procedure for measuring hearing
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| otoscope | instrument for looking in the ear
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| otoscopy | procedure for examining the ear
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| pneumatic otoscopy | procedure for examining the ear using air
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| salpingoscope | instrument for examining the eustachian tubes
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| typanometry | procedure for measuring the eardrum (how much it moves)
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| audiologist | hearing specialist
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| aural | pertaining to the ear
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| otolaryngologist | specialist in the ear and throat
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| otosteal | pertaining to the bones of the ear
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| salpingopharyngeal | pertaining to the eustachian tubes and the throat
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| ceruminoma | benign tumor of the cerumen - secreting gland of the ear
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| ceruminosis | excessive formation of ear wax
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| otosclerosis | hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear
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| tympanic perforation | tear or hole in the eardrum
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| Blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid
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| Dacryoadenitis | inflammation of the tear gland
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| blepharoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the eyelid
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| dacryocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac
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| glaucoma | eye disease that causes vision loss by damaging the optic nerve
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| oculomycosis | fungal eye infection
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| oculopathy | eye disease
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| ophthalmitis | inflammation of the eye
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| ophthalmomyitis | inflammation of the eye muscles
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| trichiasis | condition caused by eyelashes growing backward and coming in contact with the eye
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| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva (pink eye)
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| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea
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| keratopathy | disease of the cornea
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| sclerectasia | overexpansion of the sclera
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| aniridia | absence of an iris
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| aphakia | absence of a lens
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| cataract | opacity (cloudiness) of the lens of the eye
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| corneal abrasion | scratch of the cornea
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| cyclokeratitis | inflammation of the ciliary body and cornea
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| optic neuritis | inflammation of the optic nerve
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| retinitis | inflammation of the retina
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| retinopathy | disease of the retina
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| retinosis | retinal condition
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| cerumen impaction | buildup of ear wax blocking the ear canal
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| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid
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| otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear
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| otomycosis | fungal ear infection
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| conductive hearing loss | hearing loss caused by sound not getting into the middle/inner ear (due to blockage)
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| myringitis | inflammation of the ear drum
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| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear
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| acoustic neuroma | tumor on the acoustic nerve
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| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing loss caused by sound not being transmitted from the inner ear to the brain (due to problems with the sensory organs or nerves)
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| vestibular neuritis | inflammation of the vestibular nerve
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| Miotic | drug that causes the abnormal contraction of the pupil
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| mydriatic | drug that causes the abnormal dilation of the pupil
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| cycloplegic | drug that paralyzes the ciliary body
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| intravitreal antibiotics | antibiotics administered directly into the vitreous gel liquid
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| ceruminolytic | drug that aids in the breakdown of ear wax
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| ototoxic | drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing
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| blepharoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eyelid
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| blepharotomy | incision into the eyelid
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| dacryoadenectomy | removal of the tear gland
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| dacryocystectomy | removal of the tear sac
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| dacryocystorhinostomy | creation of an opening between the tear sac and the nose
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| dacryocystotomy | incision into the tear sac
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| enucleation | removal of an eye
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| oculoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eye
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| corneal transplant | replacement of damaged cornea with donated tissue
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| keratoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the cornea
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| keratotomy | incision into the cornea
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| sclerotomy | incision into the sclera
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| Intraocular lens implant | insertion of a new lens inside the eye
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| iridectomy | removal of the iris
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| retinopexy | surgical fixation (reattachment) of a retina
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| vitrectomy | removal of the vitreous liquid from the eye
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| auditory prosthesis | hearing aid
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| ceruminolysis | breakdown of ear wax
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| ear lavage | rinsing/washing the external ear canal (usually to remove ear wax)
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| mastoidectomy | removal of the mastoid
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| mastoidocentesis | puncture of the mastoid
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| otoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the ear
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| myringectomy | removal of the eardrum
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| myringoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eardrum
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| tympanocentesis | puncture of the eardrum
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| tympanoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eardrum
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| cochlear implant | electronic device that stimulates the cochlea; it can give a sense of sound to those who are profoundly deaf
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| ARMD | Age-related macular degeneration
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| HEENT | head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
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| IOL | Intraocular lense
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| IOP | Intraocular pressure
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| LASIK | laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
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| OD | right eye (oculus dexter)
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| OS | left eye (ocular sinister)
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| OU | Both eyes (oculus uterque)
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| PERRLA | Pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
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| VA | visual acuity
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| VF | visual field
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| AD | Right ear (Auris Dextra)
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| AOM | Acute otitis media
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| AS | left ear (Auris Sinistra)
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| AU | Both ears (Auris Utraque)
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| EENT | eye, ear, nose, and throat
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| ENT | ear, nose, and throat
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| OM | Otitis media
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| TM | Tympanic membrane
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