Includes week 5 terms only
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| backward conditioning | in classical conditioning, the presentation of the US before the CS
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| classical conditioning | the process of pairing a neutral conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus
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| conditioned response | the response newly acquired by the conditioned stimulus as a result of classical conditioning
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| conditioned stimulus | a previously neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a new response through pairing it with an unconditioned stimulus during classical conditioning
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| configural learning | in classical conditioning, the idea that an individual may learn to treat two CSs as a combined, single complex stimulus pattern
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| contiguity | how close together two or more stimuli occur in time and space
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| contingency | a dependency or "if-then" relationship, the occurrence of the contingent stimulus depends on the occurrence of the previous event
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| counterconditioning | classically conditioning a subject by pairing a previously conditioned CS with a US that generates a response the opposite of that generated by the original US
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| delayed conditioning | in classical conditioning, the timing procedure in which the CS occurs before, but overlaps in time with, the US
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| dependent variables | the things being influenced in an experiment; in psychology, some measure of responding
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| extinction | the elimination of a classical or operant contingency
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| higher-order conditioning | using a previously trained CS as if it were a US in another classical conditioning procedure
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| independent variables | the elements that may be changed in an experiment that influence or cause changes in other (dependent variable) elements
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| interstimulus interval | the time interval between start of the CS and start of the US in classical conditioning
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| latency | the time interval between a stimulus and a response
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| salience | the fact that some stimuli seem to be more easily noticed than others
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| simultaneous conditioning | in classical conditioning, presenting the CS and the US beginning at exactly the same time
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| systematic desensitization | Wolpe's procedure for eliminating phobias through a combination of extinction, relaxation, and generalization procedures
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| trace conditioning | in classical conditioning, the procedure of starting and stopping the CS before the US starts, so that the learner must have a memory trace of the CS to associate with the US
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| unconditioned response | the innate or naturally occurring response to a strong stimulus (the US) in classical conditioning
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| unconditioned stimulus | a stimulus that reliably (always) causes a particular response
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